Impela ngesinye isikhathi empilweni yakho uzwile noma ube nenhlanhla yokubona i- I-Halley comet. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngomtholi wayo, U-Edmund halley. Ungusosayensi obalulekile waseNgilandi owaziwa kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele futhi nguyena owabikezela ukujikeleza kwe-comet eyathola igama lakhe ngokumhlonipha. Yize engusosayensi, ubelokhu ekhunjulwa kakhulu njengesazi sezinkanyezi. Kodwa-ke, impilo yakhe yayingagcini nje kusayensi yezinkanyezi, kepha wenza okutholakele okubalulekile emkhakheni wezibalo, imeteorology, i-physics kanye ne-geophysics.
Ngakho-ke, sizonikezela le ndatshana ku-Edmund Halley kanye ne-biography yakhe.
Wayengubani u-Edmund Halley?
Lo sosayensi waba negalelo elikhulu Isaac Newton emsebenzini owenziwe ekukhangeni kwamandla emizimba. Wayengusosayensi wokuqala owayengabikezela ukuthi izinkanyezi ezinomsila zizobuya ngezikhathi ezithile eduze koMhlaba ngoba lezi zinkanyezi ezinomsila nazo zazinomjikelezo othile.
Wazalwa ngoNovemba 8, 1656 eLondon futhi washona ngoJanuwari 14, 1742, naye eLondon. Wazalelwa kwaHagges futhi uyinzalo yomndeni waseDerbyshire, u-Edmund Halley waqala izifundo zakhe eSaun Paul School eLondon. Umndeni wakhe wawuyiqembu labantu abacebile abenza insipho. Ukusetshenziswa kwensipho ngaleso sikhathi kwakusakazeka kulo lonke elaseYurophu, ngakho-ke kwakukuhle kuye ukuthi athole okuningi.
Uyise wezwa ukulahleka okukhulu ngesikhathi somlilo omkhulu waseLondon. Lo mlilo wenzeka ngesikhathi uHalley esemncane. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ubaba wakwazi ukunikeza indodana yakhe imfundo enhle. Kungenxa yale mfundo ukuthi u-Edmund Halley waba nezifundo ezizimele ekhaya lakhe. Akagcinanga ngokuba nenhlanhla yokuba semndenini ocebile, kodwa futhi wayeyingxenye yesikhathi senguquko kwezesayensi. Le nguquko yiyo eyabeka izisekelo zomcabango wanamuhla.
Ubukhosi ngaleso sikhathi babuyiselwa nguCarlos II futhi base beneminyaka emi-4. Ngemuva kweminyaka eminingana, inkosi yanikeza umqulu enhlanganweni engahlelekile yezazi zefilosofi zemvelo ezibizwa ngokuthi "Invisible University." Yile nhlangano eyathuthuka kamuva futhi yaqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi iRoyal Society yaseLondon.
Ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa, ngo-1673, uHalley wangena eQueen's College e-Oxford. Kulapho aqokwa khona njenge-Astronomer Royal ngo-1676. Waqala ukukhuthazwa ukwazi okwengeziwe nge-astronomy futhi waqala ukuyifunda nokuziqeqesha ngayo. Eminyakeni eyalandela, ngo-1696, u-Edmund Halley waqokwa njengomlawuli weMint Cheint. Wayesekela uNewton ngemisebenzi yakhe eminingi. Ekugcineni, waqokwa waba yinkosi yezinkanyezi ngo-1720 nomqondisi weGreenwich Observatory, lapho asebenza khona iminyaka engama-21.
Iminikelo yesayensi
Sizokhuluma manje ngamagalelo abenawo kwezesayensi nezizathu zokuthi kungani adume kangaka.
- Okokuqala kwenzeka ngonyaka we-1682, lapho ekwazile ukubikezela ukuzungeza kwenkanyezi enomsila namuhla ebizwa ngegama lakhe, uHalley's Comet. Akagcinanga ngokubikezela ukujikeleza, kodwa futhi wamemezela ngo-1758 ukuthi uzobuya, ngoba izinkanyezi ezinomsila nazo zilandela umzila. Ngale ndlela, wavikela emcabangweni wakhe wokuthi kunezinkanyezi ezinomsila ezinemikhondo yazo eyindilinga nokuthi ihlotshaniswa neyethu Uhlelo lomkhathi.
- Enye yeminikelo kwaba ukujoyina uNewton ukunikeza incazelo mayelana nemishini yokuhamba kweplanethi.
- Ngo-1691, wasiza ekwakhiweni kwensimbi yokutshuza akwazi ukuyivivinya eMfuleni iThames. Ngenxa yale nsimbi yokuntywila, UHalley wayengacwiliswa ngaphezu kwehora nesigamu.
- Wenze eminye imisebenzi efana ne- "Synopsis astronomiae cometicae" lapho echaza khona imithetho yokunyakaza ayeyenze noNewton kuzinkanyezi ezinomsila.
- Akagcinanga nje ngokuthola indlela kaHalley's Comet, kodwa futhi wachaza nezinye izindlela ezingama-24 ezazifanekisela ezazifinyelele onyakeni ka-1698.
- Wakwazi ukukhombisa ukuthi ama-comet amathathu omlando abonwa ngo-3, 1531 no-1607 ayefana ngezici zawo nalezo ezabonwa ngo-1682, 1305 kanye no-1380. Lokhu kungasho ukuthi zazingama-comet afanayo, kodwa ukuthi zazibuya emzileni wazo okweqanda.
- Ubikezele ukuthi uHalley's Comet uzophinde adlule asondele eMhlabeni ngo-1758.
- Eminye iminikelo ebaluleke kakhulu kusayensi yezinkanyezi bekuwukukhombisa ukuthi izinkanyezi zinokunyakaza okuthile nokuthi ngayinye yazo ithokoze ngokufanayo. Wenza izifundo zenguquko ephelele yenyanga futhi wenza amatafula wezinkanyezi.
Ifa lika-Edmund Halley
Lapho kukhona usosayensi onegalelo elikhulu kwezesayensi nokutholwe okuningi kangaka, ushiya ifa. Lelo lifa yiHomet's Comet uqobo. Igama lakhe lizohlala njalo ezingqondweni zabo bonke abantu abebelokhu behlotshaniswa kakhulu ne-comet futhi ababuyayo akwazi ukubikezela ngokunemba okuphelele. Abantu abaningi ababephila ngesikhathi sakhe kanye nesizukulwane sabososayensi abamlandelayo bamhlonipha kakhulu ngempumelelo yakhe ephezulu.
Kwesinye isikhathi, kunokukhunjulwa ngokuthola kwakhe, angakhunjulwa kakhulu ngokuba ngumuntu owagqugquzela u-Isaac Newton ukuba ashicilele iMigomo. Lo msebenzi yilokho abaningi abakubheka njengesikhumbuzo esikhulu kunazo zonke empumelelweni yomuntu kwisayensi.
INewton ibivele inegama elaziwayo emkhakheni wesayensi ngenxa yokutholwa kwangaphambilini. Kodwa-ke, wayengeke alifinyelele idumela lakhe lokugcina eliye lahlala amakhulu eminyaka ukube akazange ayishicilele imfundiso yokudonswa phansi komhlaba. UHalley uzokwaziwa njengomuntu owayenombono ngekusasa futhi wakwenza kwaba nokwenzeka lokho.
Efa lakhe singafaka:
- Igama likaComic Homet's Comet Halley lapho abikezela khona ukubuya.
- IHalley crater on Mars.
- IHalley crater enyangeni.
- IHalley Research Station, e-Antarctica.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, lo sosayensi unikele kakhulu kusayensi kusuka ezicini eziningi. Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngale biography ungafunda kabanzi ngo-Edmund Halley.