ukuthi iziqhingi zakhiwa kanjani

zakhiwa kanjani iziqhingi

Isiqhingi isiqephu somhlaba esizungezwe amanzi ngokwemvelo, endaweni encane kunezwekazi kodwa sikhulu kunesiqhingi. Iziqhingi zivame kakhulu ku-geography yomhlaba, zinezimo ezihlukene, i-topographies kanye nemvelaphi ye-geological. Lapho eziningana zazo zitholakala ndawonye endaweni efanayo yolwandle, zibizwa ngokuthi ama-archipelagos. i-geology iyachaza ukuthi iziqhingi zakhiwa kanjani.

Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, sizonikezela lesi sihloko ukukutshela ukuthi iziqhingi zakhiwe kanjani, yiziphi izici nezinhlobo zazo.

ziyini iziqhingi

ama-atolls

Ukuhlukaniswa kweziqhingi emazwekazini kuvame ukuba nomthelela empilweni ekhula kuzo, okuholela ezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane eziguquguqukayo ngaphandle kozakwabo basezwekazini. Emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka, ukuhlola kwabantu olwandle kuye kwahilela ukuthola iziqhingi ezingaqondakali.

Eqinisweni, lezi ziqhingi bezikhona emcabangweni womuntu kusukela kudala. Izwe lonke liqukethe isiqhingi esisodwa noma ngaphezulu ezihlelwe ngokwezombangazwe, eziningi zazo ngaphambili ezazisetshenziswa njengezindawo zokuboshwa noma njengezindawo zokuqeqesha amaqhawe ezizwe okufanele aphile wodwa.

Ngale ndlela, iziqhingi zithole ukubaluleka okungokomfanekiso okuvelele ezinganekwaneni nasezindabeni zemibhalo yazo zonke izikhathi, ngokuvamile kube indawo engakaze ibonwe lapho kungatholakala khona ingcebo nezimangaliso, kodwa futhi zilahliwe futhi zahlukaniswa njengezindaba zokuphahlazeka komkhumbi. Emibhalweni yesiGreki yasendulo, lezi ziqhingi zake zahlalwa onkulunkulu nezidalwa zasenganekwaneni, njengomthakathi uCirce noma uCalypso, indodakazi ye-Titan Atlas.

Izici eziyinhloko

mariets

Ngokuvamile, iziqhingi zinezici ezilandelayo:

  • Ahlanganisa ingxenye yezwe eliqinile elizungezwe amanzi nhlangothi zonke. Lokhu kungasho ukuthi uphakathi kolwandle, umfula, ichibi, noma ichibi.
  • Ngokwezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe ze-Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, kufanele zibe ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha-skwele angu-0,15 ngobukhulu futhi okungenani zibe amakhilomitha ama-2 ukusuka ezweni elikhulu. Ngaphandle kwalokho, nokho, zihluke kakhulu nge-topography, isimo sezulu, kanye ne-geography, kodwa
  • Iziqhingi ezincane kakhulu zibizwa ngokuthi iziqhingi futhi azivamile ukuhlalwa. Kunalokho, lapho iziqhingi eziningi zihilelekile, zibizwa ngokuthi ama-archipelagos.
  • Isiqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni yiGreenland, enendawo engamakhilomitha-skwele ayizigidi ezingu-2.175, etholakala eNyakatho ye-Atlantic Ocean.

ukuthi iziqhingi zakhiwa kanjani

ukuthi iziqhingi zakhiwa kanjani kusukela ekuqaleni

Iziqhingi ziwumphumela wezinqubo ezahlukene ze-geological. Ezinye zibangelwa yintaba-mlilo kanye/noma imisebenzi ye-sedimentary eziqoqa kancane kancane izinto zize zibe lukhuni futhi zakhe izinkundla eziqinile zendawo.

Ngakho-ke, ngokombono, akunakwenzeka ukuthi iziqhingi ezintsha zivele ngemva koshintsho olukhulu lwe-tectonic noma ukuqhuma okukhulu kwentaba-mlilo ngaphansi kwamanzi. Nokho, lezi zinqubo ngokuvamile zenzeka isikhathi eside.

Ezinye iziqhingi zibangelwa izinguquko zomlando emazingeni olwandle, njengoba amazinga olwandle awafani nalokhu esikubona namuhla. Amanzi akhuphukayo noma awayo angamboza noma aveze zonke izingxenye zeshalofu lezwekazi, ngokulandelana, enze iziqhingi noma, ngokuphambene, azixhumanise nezwekazi.

Izinhlobo zeziqhingi

Imifula emikhulu ingakha iziqhingi ze-sedimentary, zenze ama-deltas. Ukuhlukaniswa kweziqhingi kusabela ngokunembile ezindleleni eziholele ekubukekeni kwazo. Ngakho singakhuluma mayelana:

isiqhingi esikhulu. Ziyizingxenye zeshalofu lezwekazi, ngakho-ke zinento efanayo, ukuthungwa okufanayo futhi zitholakala eduze nogu, nakuba zihlukaniswa nezwekazi ngamanzi angajulile kakhulu (amamitha angu-200 ukujula). noma ngaphansi). Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izinga lolwandle likhuphuka futhi likhukhula izingxenye zezwe, "kudala" iziqhingi ngokuzihlukanisa nezwekazi lonke. Izibonelo zalezi zinhlobo zeziqhingi yilezi:

  • I-Malvinas noma i-Malvinas Islands, eseNingizimu ye-Atlantic Ocean ngasogwini lwase-Argentina.
  • IGreenland, ihlukaniswe neNyakatho Melika yi-Atlantic Ocean.
  • IBritish Isles iyindawo yaseBrithani ehlukaniswe neYurophu yiNorth Sea kanye ne-English Channel.

Isiqhingi sentaba-mlilo. Amadwala entaba-mlilo akhiwa ngenxa yezintaba-mlilo ezingaphansi kwamanzi ezithela i-magma ne-liquid rock materials ngaphansi komhlaba, lapho epholisa khona futhi aqine aze aphume emanzini. Angaba izinhlobo ezintathu: ama-island arcs ezindaweni ezincishisiwe, ama-mid-ocean ridges, kanye nezindawo ezishisayo ze-intraplate. Iziqhingi zentaba-mlilo ziyiziqhingi ezincane kunazo zonke ngokwezwe futhi azizona ezanoma yiliphi ishalofu lezwekazi. Ziyisibonelo salokhu:

  • Ama-Antilles, iqembu leziqhingi ezisoLwandle lweCaribbean.
  • Isiqhingi esiseziqhingini zaseHawaii, esisoLwandlekazini iPacific.
  • Iziqhingi zaseGalapagos, ePacific Ocean ngasogwini lwase-Ecuador.

isiqhingi esixubile. Ziwumphumela wenhlanganisela yezinqubo zentaba-mlilo nezezwekazi, okungukuthi, inhlanganisela yezinhlobo ezimbili zangaphambili. Ziyisibonelo salokhu:

  • Isiqhingi esisoLwandle i-Aegean, phakathi kweGreece neTurkey.
  • Iziqhingi endaweni yaseJapane.

I-Coral Island. Lezo ezakha olwandle olushisayo nolungaphansi kolwandle ngenxa yokunqwabelana kwemfucumfucu yezinto eziphilayo zamakhorali: izinto eziphilayo zasolwandle zasendulo amagobolondo azo ane-calcareous akwazi ukufinyelela ingxenye enkulu. Uma ifakwe kumapulatifomu angaphansi kwamanzi angashoni noma izigaxa zentaba-mlilo, zidala iziqhingi ezibonakalayo. imininingwane kanje:

  • Iziqhingi zaseMaldives, cishe iziqhingi eziyi-1.200 zitholakala e-Indian Ocean, amakhilomitha angama-450 ukusuka ogwini lwaseNdiya.
  • Iziqhingi zaseLos Roques, ngasogwini lwaseCaribbean eVenezuela.
  • Iziqhingi zaseChagos zitholakala oLwandlekazini i-Indian, amakhilomitha angama-500 eningizimu yeMaldives.

isiqhingi se-sedimentary. Lokhu kuvela ekuqoqweni kancane kancane kwempahla ngenxa yokugeleza kwemifula emikhulu ethwala amatshe, udaka noma isihlabathi ngobuningi. Lapho ukugeleza kwamanzi kuncipha, izinto ezibonakalayo zihlala futhi ziqala ukwakha isiqhingi, ngokuvamile ezizungeze i-delta yomfula. Lokhu kwenzeka uma:

  • Iziqhingi ezise-Orinoco Delta empumalanga yeVenezuela.
  • Iziqhingi eziseGanges Delta yaseNdiya.
  • Isiqhingi saseMarajo, esizalweni soMfula i-Amazon eBrazil, siyisiqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, esilingana neDenmark.

iziqhingi zomfula. Lezo ezakhiwe yizithiyo emiseleni yomfula omaphakathi, njengoba umlando ushintsha, zadalula amagquma asogwini angaphansi kwamanzi kanye nezinkundla njengezindawo zesiteji kanye namaxhaphozi.

Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi iziqhingi zakhiwe kanjani nokuthi yiziphi izici zazo.


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Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.