Kuwo wonke umhlaba kunenqwaba yezinkanyezi ezinomsila ezingathinta ukuzungeza kwethu. Omunye wabo nguComet Neowise. Ingenye yezinkanyezi ezinomsila ezikhanya kakhulu eziye zabonwa emhlabeni wethu. Kungabonakala ngoJuni 2020 futhi bekuhlaba umxhwele impela.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela zonke izici, imvelaphi kanye nokufuna ukwazi kwe-comet Neowise.
Izici eziyinhloko
IComet Neowise ibaluleke kakhulu kwezesayensi. Kungalindelwa ukuthi kube nokukhanya okuleveli 2, okungukuthi, ukuba nokukhanya okuphezulu, okusivumela ukuthi sikubone ukude ngaphandle kwesidingo sezibonakude noma izibonakude. Futhi, le yinkanyezi enomsila evela ku I-Oort Cloud. Le mininingwane ibalulekile ngoba lezi zinkanyezi ezinomsila zivame ukuba nezinto ezingavuthiwe ezivela kuma-nebulae akha uhlelo lwethu lwelanga. Ngakho-ke, zinikela ngolwazi oluningi ngemvelaphi yendawo yonke.
Ngakho-ke ingenye yezinkanyezi ezinomsila eziqhakazile ezidlule eMhlabeni emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, okusishiya nethuba lokuyibona ngamehlo kule nyanga siphinde sidlule kwiplanethi yethu, k.ngokubuyekezwa, eminyakeni engaba ngu-6.800 XNUMX.
Kungabonakala ngeviki likaJulayi 11-17. IComet Neowise ibonakale ngaphambi nje kokuphuma kwelanga (ngabo-6 ekuseni), ikhuluma ngeSpain (enyakatho nenkabazwe). Ukuze uyithole, bekufanele ubheke enyakatho-mpumalanga kuphela, ezansi emkhathizwe. Ezingeni eliphansi, ubungabona izithiyo ezimbalwa emkhathizwe. Futhi, bekubalulekile ukutholakala endaweni enokungcola okuncane kokukhanya ukuze sikwazi ukwazisa isibhakabhaka sonke kahle.
Isikhathi esiseduzane esasondela eMhlabeni sasingoJulayi 23, futhi cishe amakhilomitha ayizigidi eziyi-103 asondele eMhlabeni ngobukhulu be-4. Ibanga likhulu ngokwanele ukuthi ayikho ingozi yomthelela, ngakho-ke asikho isizathu sokukhathazeka ngale nto. Kodwa-ke, yize usuku olusondele kakhulu eMhlabeni kwakunguJulayi 23, uComet Neowise wayebonakala ngamehlo, futhi amandla alo ahlala ezingeni 2 kuze kube uLwesithathu, Julayi 15.
Umsuka weComet Neowise
Umkhuzi itholwe ngoMashi 27, 2020 ezithombeni ze-infrared. Kutholakale ngesikhathi sephrojekthi ye-Near-Earth Objects yi-NASA's Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) space telescope. Lesi sibonakude sesikhala sikwazile ukuthola into enobukhulu obungu-17 obumele eyodwa, engu-0.8 'ngosayizi we-angular. Kancane kancane abanye ababukeleyo bakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo njenge-comet, abalinganisa ikhoma elifingqiwe elifinyelela ku-2 'ububanzi kanye nomsila ongu-20' 'ubude.
IComet C / 2020 F3 (NEOWISE) ine-quasi-parabolic orbit ngakho-ke akuyona entsha, indatshana yayo yangaphambilini ibicishe ibe yiminyaka engama-3.000 eyedlule. I-perihelion yayo elandelayo izoba ngoJulayi 3, 2020 ebangeni elingu-0.29 AU kuphela ukusuka eLangeni, futhi lisondele kakhulu eMhlabeni. ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva ngoJulayi 23, 2020 e-0.69 AU evela kwiplanethi yethu.
Kube nokwanda okusheshayo okungakhanyi ngokukhanyayo kulokho esikujwayele kwamanye ama-comets. Ijika elikhanyayo lizinzile kuyo yonke inyanga kaMeyi ngamapharamitha amakhulu ngokuphelele we-m0 = 7. Lawa mavelu ahambisana ne-nucleus engamakhilomitha amabili ububanzi kanye nesilinganiso somsebenzi esiphezulu se-n = 5. Kufanele wazi ukuthi kunenkomba eveza ubungozi bokuba nokwehla kwezinkanyezi ezinomsila ngesikhathi sokudlula kwayo. Kulokhu, uComet Neowise unengozi yokubola ngokulingene ngokususelwa kumkhawulo wokusinda weBortle.
Umugqa wesikhathi we-Comet Neowise
Ezinsukwini eziyishumi zokuqala zikaJuni, ukugqama kweComet Neowise kwaqhubeka nokukhuphuka, kwafinyelela ezingeni lesi-10. Ngokwenqubo kusukela ngoMeyi, ukugqama kwayo bekuphansi ngesigamu kunalokho obekulindelwe, yize lokhu kungabangelwa ukuphakama okuphansi kwababukeli baseningizimu. Uma sifunda usayizi wekhoma obonile, yehla futhi ngalezo zinsuku nokuncipha kwenyuka. Konke lokhu kuqinisekisile ukuthi izilinganiso zithintwe ukuphakama okuphansi nokuhwalala.
Ngenhlanhla, phakathi kukaJuni 22 no-28, inkanyezi enomsila yasondela ngaphansi kuka-2 ° ukusuka eLangeni, yangena emkhakheni wekhamera ye-LASCO-C3 yesibonakude sesikhala se-SOHO, lesi sibonakude esizinikele ekubukeni umkhathi ongaphandle weSanga sinama-coronagraphs Abawafihlayo ukukhanya okuqondile kwediski elanga evumela ukubhalisa, ngaphezu kokukhishwa kweLanga, izinto ezikhanyayo ezisondela kuyo ngokubukeka njengoba kunjalo ngezinkanyezi ezinomsila eziningi.
Ngakho-ke, singabona endaweni ukuthi inkanyezi enomsila isondela kanjani e-perihelion isesimweni esihle, ukukhiqiza umsila wothuli nomsila we-ion, futhi kusivumele ukuthi silinganise ukukhanya kwawo. Ukukhuphuka okukhulu kokukhanya kusuka ku-2 kuye ku-3 ezinsukwini eziyisithupha. Lokhu kuqinisekisile ukuthi ihlala ngaphakathi kwejika elifanayo lokukhanya elibikezelwe. NgoJulayi 6, 11, inkanyezi enomsila yayingase ibhekwe kahle ngokuphelele ngamehlo enyama ngaphansi kwenkanyezi iCapella del Auriga, namanje ngesikhathi sokuhwalala ekuseni kodwa iphakeme kakhulu kunezinsuku ezedlule.
Ikhayithi liyahamba
Ngemuva kwendlela esondelene kakhulu noMhlaba, ngoJulayi 23, ibanga ukusuka e-United States kwakungu-0,69. Kwiplanethi yethu, ukukhanya kwenkanyezi enomsila kwaqhubeka kwehla kwaze kwaba yilapho kungabonakali ngeso lenyama ngokukhanya okungu-4.5. Yize ibhekwe ngezibonakude, ngaphandle kokukhanya kwenyanga, umsila wayo wawusakhanya futhi ubonakala ngokuphelele. Ikhoma lakhe lahlala ebangeni elingamakhilomitha acishe abe ngu-8 (300.000 km ngokuphelele), futhi ukufinyela kwaqhubeka kwafinyelela ezingeni le-6 futhi kwakusenamandla kakhulu. Ubude bomsila obonwe ngezibonakude kwakungu-3 degrees.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, le comet ibingenye yezinto ezaziwa kakhulu nezibonwa ngochwepheshe nezimfundamakhwela. Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi nge-comet Neowise nezici zayo.