Amazinga okushisa omhlaba wonke azokhuphuka ngaphezu kwama-degree amabili

umhlaba wandisa ukushisa kwawo ngokwengeziwe

Ukwanda kwamazinga okushisa omhlaba angaphezu kwamadigri amabili kuyinto engadala ushintsho olungalungiseki kuyo yonke iplanethi yethu. Umphakathi wezesayensi udale amamodeli ahlukahlukene angabikezela ukuthi imiphumela izoba yini uma amazinga okushisa omhlaba ekhuphuka ngaphezu kwama-degree amabili. Imiphumela etholakele ikhuthaza ososayensi ngobucayi besimo esizithola sikuso.

Kodwa-ke, namuhla imizamo yokunciphisa ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke ibe ngaphansi kwamadigri amabili ngaphambi konyaka we-2100 ishiya kungathandeki. Le yinhloso enkulu yeSivumelwano SaseParis, kepha akuyona imiphumela elindelekile uma amazwe ebengayifeza.

Amazinga okushisa ayaqhubeka enyuka

amazinga okushisa omhlaba anyuke kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa neminye iminyaka

Njengoba iminyaka ihamba, ukugxila kwe-CO2 kudlula imikhawulo esungulwe njenge "ephephile" kumphakathi wesayensi. Khumbula ukuthi i-CO2 inamandla okubamba ukushisa okuqine ngokwanele ukuze ikwazi ukukhuphula izinga lokushisa lazo zonke izingxenye zomhlaba. Ngokwanda kwamazinga okushisa, ukuzinza kanye nokulinganisela kwemvelo kwazo zonke izinhlelo ezakha uMhlaba kuyashintshwa futhi bangathola ushintsho olungalungiseki.

Isivumelwano SaseParis sibeke inhloso enkulu yokugwema ukukhuphuka kwamazinga okushisa kwamazinga aphakathi komhlaba. Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe yagcwaliseka, ama-thermometer angakhuphuka ama-degree angu-2,7 uma kungazibophezeli ezintsha noma kuthathwe izinyathelo eziqinile zepolitiki.

I-International Energy Agency (IEA) ixwayise embikweni waminyaka yonke wemibono yezobuchwepheshe ukuthi ngezinqubomgomo zokukhipha ezikhona namuhla kanye nalezo ezimenyezelwe, ukukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide (okuyiyona ebhekele ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu ) izophakama maphakathi nekhulu futhi zizoba ngama-16% ngaphezu kwalezo ezakhishwa ngo-2014 ngowezi-2060. Lokhu kugxila okuphezulu kwe-CO2 emoyeni kungadala ukwanda kwezinga le-2,7 lokushisa komhlaba ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka, okungaqala ukungazinzi kwesimo sezulu okukhulu, okungalawuleki futhi okungenakuguqulwa.

IEA iyabona "ngokwezobuchwepheshe kungenzeka" Nciphisa ukukhuphuka kwamazinga okushisa abe ngu-1,75 degrees, maphakathi nobubanzi obuphakathi kuka-1,5 no-2 degrees obekwe umphakathi wamazwe omhlaba eSivumelwaneni saseParis ngoDisemba 2015, nalapho uMongameli wase-US, uDonald Trump, ememezele khona ukuthi izwe lakhe lizokwehla.

Kunochwepheshe abaningi abafunde ngokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu futhi bahlaziye isimo esikhona njengamanje abaqinisekisa ukuthi igebe lokunqanda ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nemizamo okwenziwa njengamanje yokwenza lokho inkulu kakhulu. Lokho wukuthi, noma ngabe iSivumelwano saseParis sisebenza futhi wonke amazwe (kufaka ne-US esimweni sokucabanga) ukuhlangabezana nezinhloso zawo kuzoba akwanele ukugwema ukwanda kwama-degree angaphezu kwamabili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ochwepheshe baqinisekisa ukuthi kubalulekile ukukhulisa ijubane okwenziwa ngalo izinyathelo zokulwa nokuguquka kwesimo sezulu, ngoba ngokwezinga izinqubomgomo zamanje ezenziwa ngalo, imiphumela ibingeke izuzwe ngesikhathi.

Ukukhipha umoya kuyanda

Imizamo yeSivumelwano SaseParis ayenele ukumisa ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu

Ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa ngenxa yokusetshenziswa nokushiswa kwamafutha ezimbiwa phansi. Ngalesi sizathu, kuyadingeka ukuthi kuthuthukiswe ubuchwepheshe obuhlanzekile nobungavuselelwa obusiza ukunciphisa lokhu kungcola. I-IEA iqinisekisa ukuthi uma kukhona ukuthunyelwa okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe obuvuselelekayo futhi obuhlanzekile, isimo "esingathathi hlangothi" ekukhishweni kwe-CO2 singacatshangelwa ngonyaka we-2060. Kodwa-ke, ungalenzi iphutha. Alikho izwe elizothuthuka ngokushesha okukhulu kuma-renewable noma kubuchwepheshe obuhlanzekile okungavimba ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu ngesikhathi.

Izindlela ezonga ugesi zizoba nomthelela ngama-38% ekwehliseni ukukhishwa okudingekayo kwe-CO2 namandla avuselelekayo ngama-30%. Lokhu kwenza ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obamba futhi bugcine ikhabhoni budingekile uma sifuna ukuqukatha ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu.

Ekugcineni, uma sifuna ukugwema ukukhuphuka kwamazinga okushisa aphakathi kwamadigri amabili, ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 ngo-2060 kufanele kube cishe ngama-40% ngaphansi kunanamuhla.


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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.