Esibhakabhakeni kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamafu kuye ngesimo sezulu ngaleso sikhathi. Lolu hlobo lwamafu lungadalula ulwazi oluthile mayelana nesimo sezulu. Enye yezinto ezaziwa kakhulu ngokuba amafu esiphepho yi amafu e-cumulonimbus. Lawa amafu anentuthuko eqondile okuyiwona adala imvula.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi yiziphi izici ezihlukene zamafu e-cumulonimbus, ukuthi aqala kanjani nokuthi iyini imiphumela yawo.
Ayini amafu e-cumulonimbus
Kuyifu eliminyene nelinamandla elinobukhulu obuqondile obuyintaba noma umbhoshongo omkhulu. Okungenani ingxenye ye indawo yayo engenhla ngokuvamile ibushelelezi, ine-fibrous, noma inemigqa, futhi ihlale iyisicaba. Le ngxenye ivame ukunwetshwa ngendlela ye-anvil noma i-wide plume.
Amafu e-Cumulonimbus angamafu amanzi aminyene anokwanda nokuthuthuka okukhulu okuqondile. Zibonisa izakhiwo ezibukeka zinkulu ezinamasu avame ukufana namakhowe. Angakhula aze afike phezulu kangangokuthi ungqimba olungaphezulu lweqhwa lungakheka.
Ingxenye yayo engezansi ngokuvamile ingaphansi kwamakhilomitha angu-2 ukusuka phansi, kuyilapho ingxenye engenhla ingafinyelela ukuphakama kwamakhilomitha ayi-10 kuya kwangu-20. Lawa mafu avame ukukhiqiza imvula enkulu kanye nokuduma kwezulu, ikakhulukazi uma esekhule ngokugcwele. Ekudalweni kwayo, ukuba khona ngesikhathi esisodwa kwezinto ezintathu kuyadingeka:
- Umswakamo we-ambient uphezulu.
- Inqwaba yomoya oshisayo engazinzile.
- Umthombo wamandla ophakamisa ngokushesha leyo nto eshisayo, emanzi.
Izici ze-cumulonimbus clouds
Zingaphansi kwe-stratum ephansi, kodwa ukukhula kwazo ziqonde kukhulu kangangokuthi isikhathi esiningi zivala ngokuphelele i-stratum ephakathi futhi zifinyelele phezulu.
zakhiwe ngamaconsi amanzi futhi ikakhulukazi amakristalu eqhwa ezindaweni zawo ezingenhla. Futhi iqukethe amaconsi amakhulu amanzi, ngokuvamile amakhekheba eqhwa, izinhlayiya zeqhwa, noma isichotho. Ngokuvamile izilinganiso zayo eziqondile nezivundlile zinkulu kangangokuthi ukuma kwayo kwesici kubonakala kuphela kude kakhulu.
Umehluko obalulekile phakathi kwe-cumulonimbus namanye amafu:
Phakathi kwamafu e-Cumulonimbus kanye nama-Nimbuses: Uma amafu e-cumulonimbus emboza ingxenye enkulu yesibhakabhaka, angathathwa kalula ngokuthi ama-Nimbuse. Kulokhu, uma imvula iwuhlobo lweshawa noma ihambisana nombani, ukuduma noma isichotho, ifu elibhekiwe yi-cumulonimbus.
Phakathi kwe-cumulonimbus ne-cumulus: inqobo nje uma okungenani ingxenye yendawo engenhla yefu ilahlekelwa uhlaka lwayo olucacile, kufanele ikhonjwe njenge-cumulonimbus. Uma ihambisana nombani, ukuduma nesichotho, iphinde ibe yi-cumulonimbus.
Ngokuvamile akhiwa amafu amakhulu athuthuke kakhulu e-cumulus (Cumulus congestus) inqubo yawo yokuguqulwa nokukhula iqhubeka. Ngezinye izikhathi bangathuthuka kusukela e-altocumulus noma emafwini e-stratocumulus, okuyinto aqukethe amaqhubu amancane aphakeme ezingxenyeni zawo ezingenhla. Ingase futhi ibe nemvelaphi yayo ekuguqulweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwengxenye ye-altostratus noma isendlalelo se-nimbus.
Ukubaluleka kwesimo sezulu samafu e-cumulonimbus
Leli ifu elivamile lesiphepho. Ebusika kuhlotshaniswa nokudlula kwendawo ebandayo, kuyilapho ehlobo kuwumphumela wokuvumelana kwezinto eziningana: ukushisa, umswakama kanye nokuguquguquka okuqinile, okubangela ukuba umhwamuko ukhuphuke uye phezulu ezingqimbeni zomkhathi. , lapho liphola khona futhi lijiya ngenxa yamazinga okushisa aphansi.
Ukuna kwemvula ngendlela yemvula, isichotho, iqhwa ngisho nesichotho kulindeleke. Ezinye izigigaba ezihambisana nayo ukuvunguza komoya okunamandla ngisho nezishingishane lapho ukuhanjiswa kunamandla kakhulu.
Ngenhlanhla, ngobuchwepheshe banamuhla, ngosizo lwe-radar yesimo sezulu, amafu anjalo angatholakala ngokushesha futhi ukusuka lapho kungafakwa imishini yokuphepha yezindiza kanye nezokuphepha zomphakathi.
Lenzeka kanjani ifu
Uma kukhona amafu esibhakabhakeni, kufanele kube nokupholisa umoya. "Umjikelezo" uqala ngelanga. Njengoba imisebe yelanga ishisa umhlaba, iphinde ishise umoya ozungezile. Umoya ofudumele uba uminyene kancane, ngakho uvame ukuphakama futhi esikhundleni somoya opholile, ominyene. Njengoba ukuphakama kokuphakama kukhuphuka, ama-gradient ashisayo emvelo abangela ukuba amazinga okushisa ehle. Ngakho-ke, umoya uyaphola.
Lapho ifika ongqimbeni olupholile lomoya, iyajiya ibe umhwamuko wamanzi. Lo mhwamuko awubonakali ngeso lenyama ngoba wakhiwe ngamaconsi amanzi nezinhlayiya zeqhwa. Izinhlayiya zinosayizi omncane kangangokuthi zingabanjwa emoyeni ngokugeleza komoya okume mpo okuncane.
Umehluko phakathi kokwakheka kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zamafu kungenxa yamazinga okushisa okufiphala. Amanye amafu akheka emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kanti amanye emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Ukushisa okuphansi kokubunjwa, "okukhulu" ifu lizoba. Kukhona futhi izinhlobo ezithile zamafu ezikhiqiza imvula, kanti ezinye azikwenzi.
Uma izinga lokushisa liphansi kakhulu, ifu elakhayo lizoqukatha amakristalu eqhwa.
Esinye isici esithinta ukwakheka kwamafu ukuhamba komoya. Amafu, adalwe lapho umoya unganyakazi, avame ukuvela ngokwezigaba noma ukwakheka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lezo ezinemisinga enamandla eqondile eyakhiwe phakathi komoya noma umoya ziletha intuthuko enkulu eqondile. Ngokuvamile, lesi sakamuva yimbangela yezimvula neziphepho.
Amanye amafu okuthuthukisa aqondile
i-cumulus humilis
Zinokubonakala ziminyene futhi zinezithunzi eziphawuleka kakhulu, zize zisibekele ilanga. Bangamafu ampunga. Isisekelo sayo sivundlile, kodwa ingxenye yayo engaphezulu inamaqhubu amakhulu. Amafu e-Cumulus ahambisana nesimo sezulu esihle lapho kunomswakama omncane we-ambient kanye nomnyakazo omncane oqondile womoya. Bayakwazi ukubangela izimvula neziphepho.
i-cumulus congestus
Kuyifu elithuthuke kakhulu i-cumulus humilis futhi seliqala ukubukeka lingcono kakhulu elinezithunzi ezimboze ilanga cishe ngokuphelele. Ezansi ngokuvamile shintsha umbala ompunga omnyama ngenxa yokuminyana abanayo. Yizona ezikhiqiza izimvula ngomfutho ojwayelekile.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana namafu e-cumulonimbus nezici zawo.