Ama-tsunami akha kanjani futhi yini okufanele siyenze?

Sizwile ngama-tsunami kaningi. Lawa ngamagagasi okuzamazama komhlaba adalwa uchungechunge lwamaza amakhulu avela ukuzamazama komhlaba ngaphansi kwamanzi. Kungabuye kwakhiwe ngokudilika komhlaba, ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo noma imeteorite.

Siyibonile imithelela emibi kanye nomonakalo ongadalwa lapho kugadla i-tsunami. Siyazi ukuthi zakhiwa kanjani nokuthi yini okufanele ziyenze uma kwenzeka isixwayiso se-tsunami?

Yakha kanjani i-tsunami

I-Offshore, amagagasi e-tsunami angaba izinkulungwane zamakhilomitha ubude futhi abe nobubanzi obulinganayo phakathi kwawo. Futhi, ekujuleni kolwandle, amagagasi angahamba ngokushesha njengejethi, afike kumakhilomitha angama-600 ngehora (cishe amakhilomitha ayinkulungwane ngehora) futhi, lapho efika ogwini, dala amaza angaphezu kwamamitha angama-30.

Amagagasi e-tsunami awakhuphuki aze asondele ogwini. Ngakho-ke, imikhumbi esebenza olwandle oluphakeme ayikwazi ukubona ama-tsunami, ngoba amagagasi awaphakeme kangako.

Yize kungewona wonke ama-tsunami agcina edale umonakalo, onke angaba yingozi, ngoba igagasi eliqala ngamasentimitha ayi-12, amagagasi akhiqizwa ukuzamazama komhlaba ngaphansi kwamanzi angaphakama ngamamitha ayikhulu ziyanda ezinhlangothini zonke futhi lapho zifinyelela ogwini zithola ukuphakama.

Lapho ukuzamazama komhlaba kwenzeka, kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi amagagasi afinyelele ogwini? Lokhu kuxhomeke ohlotsheni lwe-tsunami. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili:

• Esokuqala, okuthiwa "sendawo" noma "esiseduze nendawo ebabazekayo" esingakhiwa ukuzamazama komhlaba endaweni eseduze futhi okuthatha imizuzu embalwa ukufika ogwini.
• Uhlobo lwesibili lwe-tsunami "indawo ekude kakhulu kuyo" futhi lubangelwa ukuzamazama komhlaba okwenzeke kude namakhulu amakhilomitha futhi okungathatha kusuka emahoreni amathathu kuya kwangu-22 ukufinyelela ezindaweni ezisogwini.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma kwenzeka kuba ne-tsunami?

Ukubona ukuthi kukhona i-tsunami kufanele unikeze lezi zimpawu:

• Ogwini ungabona ukuthi kanjani ugu luyahlehla.
• Uma usebhishi futhi uzwa ukuzamazama komhlaba okuthatha isikhathi eside noma okukwazi ukudambisa abantu, uyazi ukuthi kuzokwenzeka i-tsunami.
• Zizwe ukubhonga okukhulu okuvela olwandle

Lapho kunikezwa lezi zimpawu, kufanele ungene maphakathi nezwe, ushiye ugu futhi ukhuphukele phezulu ngangokunokwenzeka phezulu.