Ezinyangeni zasehlobo akuvamile ukuthi izinga lokushisa libe ngaphezu kuka-50ºC. Nokho, ingabe singakwethemba ngempela lokhu kufundwa? Ingabe leli zinga lokushisa linembile ngempela? Amageji okushisa atholakala emigwaqweni yezwe lethu awakwazi ukwethenjwa njengenkomba enembayo yezinga lokushisa losuku. Uma echayeke elangeni isikhathi eside, abhalisa amazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu kunesilinganiso sangempela.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela uma ama-thermometer asemgwaqweni akala izinga lokushisa kahle futhi uma singakwethemba.
Ingabe ama-thermometer asemgwaqweni akala kahle izinga lokushisa?
Ukufundwa kwezinga lokushisa okunikezwa amathemometha ahlukahlukene atholakala kulo lonke idolobha, okuhlanganisa nalawo avamile azimele kanye nalawo atholakala ezindaweni zokukhosela ezitobhini zamabhasi noma ezimotweni, kwaziwa ngokunikeza amanani anganembile okushisa.
Ngaphezu kokuchayeka elangeni okuqondile, amadolobha ethula enye into enomthelela ekushiseni: ukukhishwa kokushisa okuvela ku-asphalt nezakhiwo. Ingabe ama-thermometer asemgwaqweni angathenjwa?
Njengoba amandla elanga amuncwa lawa ma-thermometer asemadolobheni, ayaqhubeka eqongelela ukushisa aze afinyelele umthamo wawo omkhulu. Kuleli qophelo inqubo yokuhlehla iyenzeka, ibangele izakhiwo netiyela kukhiphe ukushisa. Lokhu kushisa okwengeziwe kunomthelela ekwandiseni amazinga okushisa atholwe izinzwa ze-thermometer zasemadolobheni.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ama-thermometer abekwe elangeni ezindaweni zasemadolobheni awasebenzi njengendawo enembile yereferensi yokushisa. Ukuze uthole ukufundwa okunembile kakhulu, ama-thermometers kufanele abekwe ezindaweni ezinomthunzi kanye nezindawo ezivulekile ezingenazo izakhiwo noma i-asphalt, okuzovumela ukulungiswa okungcono ekushiseni kwangempela.
Ama-thermometers asemgwaqweni, ngenxa yemikhawulo yezobuchwepheshe, Abahlangabezani namazinga asungulwe yi-World Meteorological Organization. Ngokuphambene, izinhlelo zokusebenza zesimo sezulu seselula zithembele emithonjeni ethobelana nale mithetho.
Iyiphi indlela efanele yokukala izinga lokushisa langaphandle?
Ukukalwa kwezinga lokushisa emgwaqeni kwenziwa ngokweqoqo lamazinga asungulwe yi-World Meteorological Organization (WMO), eyaziwa nangokuthi i-WMO ngesiNgisi. Ukuqinisekisa ukunemba, izinga lokushisa likalwa ngaphakathi kwamabhokisi esimo sezulu, okuyizakhiwo zokhuni ezipendwe ngombala omhlophe ongangeni manzi. Lawa mabhokisi aklanywe ngezindonga ezihlelwe ngendlela yamakhethini.
Umgomo uwukuvikela ithemometha elangeni eliqondile nokulinganisa izinga lokushisa lomoya ozungezile, esikhundleni se-thermometer ngokwayo. Ngokusebenzisa lokhu kumisa, i-thermometer igwema ukumunca umswakama phakathi nemvula kuyilapho ivumela ukugeleza komoya okungakhawulelwe.
Ukuqinisekisa ukubekwa okulungile, indawo yokumisa kufanele ibe khona ubude obuncane obungamamitha angu-1,20 ngaphezu kwezinga eliphansi, nerediyasi yamahhala okungenani engamamitha angama-20 ngaphandle kokuvinjwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuthi isitendi sibe ngaphandle kwezindawo zasemadolobheni, indawo yokungena ibheke enyakatho.
Amazinga okushisa aboniswa ama-thermometer asemgwaqweni awakwazi ukubhekwa njengokwethenjelwa ngoba awahlangabezani nezidingo ezidingekayo.
I-AEMET ikala kanjani izinga lokushisa?
I-State Meteorological Agency (AEMET) yaseSpain ikala izinga lokushisa isebenzisa inethiwekhi yeziteshi zezulu ezisatshalaliswa ezweni lonke. Lezi ziteshi zifakwe izinzwa ezikhethekile ezithwebula idatha yokushisa ngokunembile nangokuqhubekayo.
Ithuluzi eliyinhloko elisetshenziswa ukukala izinga lokushisa i-mercury noma i-alcohol thermometer, equkethwe endaweni yesimo sezulu. Nokho, okwamanje, lezi athathelwe indawo kakhulu izinzwa zikagesi ngenxa yokunemba okukhulu kanye nekhono lokudlulisa idatha ngesikhathi sangempela. Lezi zinzwa zingama-thermometer angamelana noma ama-thermistors, akala izinga lokushisa ngokusekelwe ezinguqukweni zokumelana nogesi lapho izinga lokushisa liyahlukahluka.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izilinganiso zezinga lokushisa ziyamela futhi azithonywa yizici zangaphandle, izinzwa zifakwa ngaphakathi kweqhugwane lesimo sezulu, elaziwa nangokuthi indawo yokukhosela isimo sezulu. Le ndlu yonogada iyisakhiwo esincane esimhlophe esivikela inzwa elangeni, emvuleni nasemoyeni, kuyilapho ivumela ukujikeleza komoya. Ibhokisi lomthumeli ngokuvamile litholakala kumamitha angu-1,5 ngaphezu kwezinga eliphansi, ukuphakama okujwayelekile kwamazwe ngamazwe kokulinganisa izinga lokushisa lomoya.
Iziteshi zesimo sezulu ze-AEMET zirekhoda izinga lokushisa ngezikhathi ezithile, elingahluka phakathi kwemizuzu eyi-10 nehora, kuye ngesizini. Le datha idluliselwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ezikhungweni zokucubungula ze-AEMET, lapho ihlaziywa futhi iqinisekiswe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kwayo. Uma idatha exakile itholwa, ibuyekezwa mathupha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubuqiniso bayo.
Idatha yezinga lokushisa eqoqiwe isetshenziselwa izinjongo ezihlukahlukene, njengokwenza izibikezelo zesimo sezulu, ukuqapha izimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu, nokufunda amaphethini wezulu wesikhathi eside. Lolu lwazi luphinde lwenziwe lutholakale emphakathini, abacwaningi kanye nezinye izikhungo ukuze luhlaziywe futhi luthathwe izinqumo.
Ukuzwa okushisayo kanye nama-thermometers asemgwaqweni
Ekugcineni, okubaluleke kakhulu umuzwa oshisayo esinawo hhayi inombolo ekuthemometha yomgwaqo. Nakuba izinga lokushisa langempela libonisa inani lokushisa emoyeni, ukugodola komoya kucabangela ezinye izici ezithonya umbono wethu walelo zinga lokushisa, njengomoya, umswakama, nemisebe yelanga.
Ukuqonda ukuzwa kwe-thermal Kubalulekile ukuchaza kahle izimo zezulu futhi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nendlela yokugqoka noma ukuhlela imisebenzi yangaphandle.. Isibonelo, izinga lokushisa elingu-10 ° C ngosuku olushisayo, olungenamoya lingase lizizwe likhululekile, kuyilapho izinga lokushisa elifanayo ngosuku olunomoya lingadinga izingubo ezifudumele.
Ebusika, ukugodola komoya okuphansi kungandisa ingozi ye-hypothermia kanye nesithwathwa, kuyilapho ehlobo, ukubanda komoya okuphezulu kungaholela ekushayweni kokushisa noma ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Ngalesi sizathu, izinsiza zesimo sezulu ezifana ne-AEMET zihlinzeka ngolwazi njalo mayelana nokuzwa ukushisa okuhambisana nezinga lokushisa langempela futhi lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kunokubheka ama-thermometer asemgwaqweni.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungakwazi ukwazi ukuthi ama-thermometers emigwaqweni alinganisa izinga lokushisa kahle noma cha.