Njengoba sibonile kwezinye izindatshana ezifana ukwakheka kwangaphakathi koMhlaba, iplanethi yethu ilokhu iguqulwa njalo. Kukhona uchungechunge lwezinqubo zombili zangaphakathi nezangaphandle ezenza uMhlaba uguquke njalo. Kulokhu sizokhuluma ngakho ama-geological agents. Ama-geological agents angaphakathi aguqula ukwakheka kwangaphakathi kweplanethi futhi abhekele ukunyakaza kwe- amapuleti tectonic.
Kulokhu okuthunyelwe sizogxila kuma-geological agents angaphandle kanye nomthelela wabo kumodeli yoqweqwe loMhlaba. Ngabe ufuna ukufunda kabanzi futhi ulungise amanothi akho ngolwazi olwengeziwe? Kulesi sihloko uzothola konke.
Ukuguqulwa komhlaba
Ngokungafani nalokho okwenzekayo ngama-geological agents angaphakathi, angaphandle awenzi ukudideka, izintaba noma izintaba-mlilo. Yilabo abakala umhlabathi futhi abalungisa amafomu enawo.
Ama-geological agents angaphandle amakhulu kungukuguguleka, ezokuthutha kanye nenzika. Isimo sezulu sibuye sibe yi-ejenti ebaluleke kakhulu ye-geological ngoba ziyizinto ezenzeka emkhathini futhi ezithinta ukubukeka komhlaba. Sizobona futhi izinhlobo zezulu ezikhona.
Amafomu athola umhlaba ngalezi zinqubo ahlukahlukene kakhulu. Akukhona ukuthi intaba izokwakhiwa noma ikhubazeke, kepha ukukhululeka kwayo nokwakheka kwayo kuzokwenza. Isibonelo, ukuguguleka ekugcineni kugudle iziqongo zezintaba ngemuva kwezigidi zeminyaka yesenzo esiqhubekayo. Isibonelo, inkomba yobudala bentaba ukuphakama kwesiqongo sayo. Uma inesimo esicijile, isencane futhi uma isivele ilinganisiwe, ukuguguleka komhlaba kuqhubekile nokusebenza izigidi zeminyaka.
Ama-geological agents angaphandle angaba womzimba kanye namakhemikhali. Laba bokuqala baphethe ukuguqula isimo, kanti abesibili bashintsha ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwezindawo abasebenza kuzo. Isibonelo esiyinhloko isimo sezulu samakhemikhali esihamba ngamatshe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ukubukeka komhlaba kungumphumela wokuxhumana kwazo zonke izinqubo zokwakheka komhlaba, ngaphezu kwesenzo sezitshalo nezilwane. Masingakhohlwa ukuthi i-landscape yakhiwe isenzo sezidalwa eziningi eziphilayo ezisencwadini yokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo futhi ezinomthelela othile emvelweni. Futhi-ke, umuntu ungesinye sezici zokulungisa ukwehluka kwamathafa namuhla.
Isimo sezulu
Isimo sezulu somzimba
Isimo sezulu sezulu ngokomzimba inqubo ephula noma eguqula amatshe kuya ngesenzo sayo nezimo zemvelo. Bayakwazi ukuhlukanisa futhi babahlukanise. Babuye basebenze ngamaminerali. Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zesimo sezulu ngokomzimba yimvula, iqhwa, ukuncibilika, umoya, nezinguquko eziqhubekayo zokushisa phakathi kwemini nobusuku.
Kucatshangwa ukuthi lezi zinguquko azizona izinto zokushintsha ukuguqulwa kwamadwala nokubukeka kwawo, kepha kunjalo. Ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho ubukhulu be-thermal bukhulu (njengasehlane) isimo sezulu somzimba esibangelwa izinguquko zokushisa siphezulu kakhulu.
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zezulu. Esokuqala yilesi esesikushilo ngokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa. Eminyakeni edlule, lezi zinguquko eziqhubekayo zenza ukuthi izinto ziphuke. Kwenzeka kaningi ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu somswakama ophansi kanye nokwehluka okukhulu kwamazinga okushisa.
Uhlobo lwesibili yi-biogenic weathering. Lokhu kudalwa isenzo sezinambuzane ezincane kanye nezinto eziphilayo ezifana nobulembu, ubulembu, ulwelwe nezinye izimbaza ezithinta indawo yedwala. Lesi senzo sihlale sibenza buthaka futhi sibenze babe sengozini yokuthola ezinye izenzo.
Isimo sezulu sezulu
Esisele nakho isimo sezulu samakhemikhali. Lokhu kwenzeka ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinomswakama futhi kubangela ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okwenzeka phakathi kwamagesi asemkhathini namaminerali ekhona emadwaleni. Kulokhu, okwenzekayo ngukuhlakazeka kwalezi zinhlayiya. Amanzi nokuba khona kwamagesi afana ne-oxygen ne-hydrogen kuba yizimbangela zokuphendula kwamakhemikhali okubanga isimo sezulu.
Okunye ukusabela okuyinhloko okwenzeka kuleli cala yi-oxidation. Kuyinhlanganisela yomoya-mpilo ovela emoyeni oncibilikiswe emanzini ngamaminerali avela emadwaleni. Yilapho ama-oxide nama-hydroxide akhiwa khona.
Ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi nokuthuthwa
Ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi kuyinqubo eyenzeka lapho ukugeleza kwemvula, umoya namanzi kuqhubeka ngokusebenza emadwaleni nasenzunjini. Zibangela ukuhlukana nokuqhekeka kwamatshe Futhi inqubo eqhubekayo. Njengoba amadwala eguguleka, alahlekelwa umthamo futhi ukubukeka kwawo nokwakheka kwawo kukhubazekile.
Ukuhamba yinqubo ebangelwa isenzo sokuguguleka. Isihlabathi nezicucu ezihlukaniswe nesenzo sokuguguleka emadwaleni zihanjiswa ngumoya, izikhukhula zamanzi, izinguzunga zeqhwa, njll. Ama-sediment akudingeki asuswe enhlabathini ukuze athuthwe. Zingahanjiswa ngezindlela ezintathu:
- Ukukhasa, lapho zikhasa khona ebusweni bomhlaba.
- Ukumiswa. Nazi izidalwa ezimisiwe zombili emanzini nasemoyeni. Isibonelo, izinhlayiya ezincane noma zishiya zombili kumisinga yamanzi nasekushayweni komoya.
- Kuhlanjululiwe. Ziyingxenye yokwakhiwa kwamanzi noma umoya.
Inzungu
Yisikhungo sokugcina sangaphandle esiswele. Ihambisana nokubekwa kwezinhlayiya eziqinile ezihanjiswe ukuguguleka. Lezi zinhlayiya zibizwa ngokuthi izidalwa. Izindawo ezinenani eliphakeme kakhulu lesidumbu Bayimilomo yemifula nasezindaweni ezinjengezilwandle nezilwandle.
Uma izidalwa ezifakiwe sezisuswa ngamanye ama-geological agents njengokuguguleka kanye nesimo sezulu. Uma lezi zidalwa zithola usayizi omkhulu nokuxinana eminyakeni edlule, ziyakheka amadwala ase-sedimentary.
Yile ndlela esebenza ngayo amandla we-geological eplanethi yethu.