Uhlobo olulodwa lwesitshalo olusakazeka futhi lusabalale ngasekupheleni kwesikhathi seCarboniferous yilezi ama-conifers. Lezi yizitshalo ezinembewu futhi zibizwa kanjalo ngoba zinesigaxa noma isimo sokuthwala futhi njengamanje kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-550. Ubuningi bazo zonke izinhlobo zaleli qembu izihlahla noma izihlahlana. Baye babusa ezindaweni eziningi ezinendawo ephakeme, benza amahlathi anamaqabunga ahlala eluhlaza okomise okwenaliti. Phakathi kwamalungu aziwa kakhulu alo mndeni sinezihlahla zikaphayini, ama-firs, imisedari kanye nama-redwoods.
Sizonikezela le ndatshana ukukutshela ngazo zonke izici, indawo yokuhlala nezinhlobo eziyinhloko zeqembu le-coniferous.
Izici zama-conifers
Lezi yizitshalo ze-aeolian imbewu yazo ekhula ngaphakathi kwesigaxa sokuvikela. Ngakho igama layo. Le khoni yokuvikela inegama le-strobilus. Ngesikhathi imbewu ikhula futhi ikhula ngaso Isigaxa sihlala phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-4 neminyaka emi-3. Usayizi walezi zibopho uvame ukuguquguquka kakhulu kuye ngohlobo ngalunye. Kunezinhlamvu ze-coniferous ezivikeleke kakhulu futhi ezikwazi ukumelana nezimo ezimbi kakhulu zemvelo. Ngalesi sizathu, bakhulise amandla amakhulu okusinda ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene. Bayakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezindawo ezinokushisa okuningi, izikhathi zesomiso eside nokubanda kakhulu ebusika.
Izinguquko eziye zenziwa yi-conifers kuwo wonke umlando kube ngenxa yohlobo lweqabunga. Imvamisa, zonke izinhlobo ze-conifer ziqukethe iziqu eziqondile. Imvamisa banezinhlobonhlobo zamasayizi womboko, ngokuba okukhulu kunakho konke kube yizi-redwoods eziphakeme ezingamamitha ayi-112.5 eziphakeme.
I-biome yasemhlabeni ebusa kakhulu eqenjini le-coniferous yi-taiga. Impela wake wezwa ngalolu hlobo lwe-ecosystem. Kuyaziwa nangegama lehlathi elibushelelezi futhi kutholakala kuzo zonke izindawo ezisenyakatho yezwe. Ziyizindawo eziseduze nezigxobo lapho amazinga okushisa eyeqisa kakhulu. Ubusika obubanda kakhulu buqhamuka nemvula enkulu ngesimo seqhwa. Kuvela ukuthi yakha i-biome enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni ngoba imele ama-30% awo wonke amahlathi emhlabeni.
I-taiga yakhiwe ngamahlathi e-coniferous nawethusi ezindaweni eziningi ezifana nengaphakathi le- ICanada ne-Alaska eNyakatho Melika, iningi laseNorway nezandiso ezenziwa yiFinland, iRussia, iSweden neJapan.
Izinhlobo zama-conifers
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-conifers ngokuya ngezimpawu ezinazo. Yize iningi labo linezici zemindeni yabo, kunezinhlobonhlobo ze-morphology ne-phenology. Sizohlaziya ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezimele kakhulu eqenjini lama-conifers.
Isiphetho esimhlophe
I-fir emhlophe idabuka enkabeni naseningizimu yeYurophu. Ukuphakama kwayo okuvame kakhulu kungamamitha angama-60 ukuphakama. Kubhekwa njengesihlahla eside impela futhi sikhula kancane eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala. Lapho eseneminyaka emihlanu ubudala, ukhula acishe abe imitha ngonyaka. Izimbali zisesikhathini sentwasahlobo.
Umgqomo wesiGreki
Lolu hlobo lwe-conifer luzalwa eGrisi futhi amaqabunga alo anomumo omnyama ocacile ohlaza okotshani. Lo mbala ubizwa nangokuthi luhlaza okwesiphepho. Indawo yayo yokwabiwa imvamisa in amahlathi lapho kunelanga eliningi noma umthunzi oyingxenye.
I-Colorado fir
Igama layo likhombisa indawo yalo eyinhloko yokusatshalaliswa. Yize inokwabiwa okubanzi kakhulu, itholakala ikakhulu enyakatho yeMexico naseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-United States. Ifinyelela kumamitha angama-30 ukuphakama futhi ine-hue esiliva-mpunga. Phakathi kwezici eziyinhloko zalo muthi, sithola ukuthi izinaliti zawo, okungukuthi, amaqabunga awo, zifinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-8 ubude. Lawa makhulu kakhulu ngobude uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo kuleli qembu.
Esinye isici esihlukile se-Colorado fir ukuthi izigaxa zalesi sihlahla zisatshalaliswa ngokwehlukana ngocansi. Ngaphakathi komuntu ofanayo sithola izindawo lapho kunezigaxa eziningi zabesilisa nezinye izindawo lapho kunezigaxa eziningi zabesifazane.
Umugqa obomvu
Ingesinye sezinto ezaziwa kakhulu ngoba kungumuthi wakudala kaKhisimusi. Ngaphakathi kweqembu le- ama-firs abomvu atholakala kwezinye izinhlobo ezingama-40 Zinqamula izifunda zase-Asia, iNingizimu Yurophu, iNyakatho Melika, neNyakatho Afrika. Ingesinye sezihlahla zemisipresi esidideka kakhulu ngendlela amahlamvu aso ajoyina ngayo amagatsha.
Izinhlobo ezincanyana ze-coniferous
Sizohlaziya ezinye zezinhlobo ezingaziwa ngumphakathi wonkana. Kodwa-ke, eziningi zazo zithakazelisa kakhulu.
I-Korean fir
It is native to the southern southern of Korea and is one of the small fir trees ezikhoyo. Inokuphakama okuphakathi kwamamitha ama-2-5. Abanye bakuthatha njengesihlahla kunesihlahla. Ikhula kancane, ikhula phakathi kwamasentimitha ayi-10-15 ngonyaka ize ifinyelele esimweni sayo sesigaxa esivuthiwe. Okuhle ngale fir ukuthi kulula kakhulu ukukhula kusuka embewini.
Ama-Araucarias
Lezi zihlahla zivela esiqhingini saseNordfolk futhi isihlahla esingafinyelela kumamitha angama-70 ukuphakama. Iphinde ikhule kancane ngoba izigaxa zesilisa zinobude obungamasentimitha ayi-5 ubude futhi izigaxa zesifazane zibanzi ezansi futhi ziphakathi kwamasentimitha ayi-7-12 ubude. Izinkuni zale fir zinzima impela, zinzima futhi zimhlophe ngombala. Inentshisekelo enkulu kwezentengiselwano njengomthombo wemvelo wokwakhiwa kwezikebhe zemikhumbi. Kuvame ukutshalwa ezimbizeni kanti isihlahla esincane esinentshisekelo yokuhlobisa sivame ukutshalwa. Ngokuvamile zitholakala ezindaweni ezisenyakatho njengoba zidinga amakhaza amaningi ukuze ziphile.
Umsedari oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Lezi zinhlobo zivela eNyakatho Afrika futhi ziqukethe izinaliti ezimpunga eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, yingakho igama lazo. Ifunwa kakhulu ngoba inentshisekelo enkulu yokuhlobisa. Sekube ngokuhamba kwesikhathi enye yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuhlobisa amapaki nezingadi. Ukuphakama kwayo kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-15-20, okwenza kube lula ukufiphaza lezi zindawo zasemadolobheni.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngama-conifers nezinhlobo eziyinhloko.