Enye yezindawo ezihlaba umxhwele kakhulu emhlabeni yi Umhosha waseColorado. Kubunjwe ukuguguleka okubangelwe ngaphezu kwezinkulungwane zeminyaka ngokudlula koMfula iColorado. Umhosha unesimo se-rock labyrinth esidabula enyakatho yesifundazwe sase-Arizona e-United States. Okuningi kwalomhosha umenyezelwe njengePaki kaZwelonke ngokuba nengcebo ezinhlotsheni zezinto eziphilayo nasezimisweni zezinto eziphilayo ezihlukile.
Ngakho-ke, sizonikezela le ndatshana ukukutshela konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nezici, imvelaphi kanye nokwakheka komhlaba kweColorado Canyon.
Izici eziyinhloko
Ngo-1979 iColorado Canyon yamenyezelwa njenge-UNESCO njengeGugu Lomhlaba. Namuhla, ilwela ukuba ngesinye sezimangaliso zemvelo zomhlaba. Akukona nje ngenxa yobuhle bamasimu ayo, kepha futhi nangenxa yamathuba ekunikezayo maqondana nokufunda nokucwaninga kwayo. Isibonelo, imbangela yokuguguleka koMfula iColorado yenza kube lula ukubona izingqimba eziningana zenzika efinyelela eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili edlule, kwembula zonke izimfihlo zomlando womhlaba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayinalo nje kuphela leli khono lokunikeza ulwazi mayelana neplanethi yethu, kodwa futhi inomnotho omkhulu ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nokuba nethuba lokuheha izivakashi okuqinile ngenxa yobuhle bayo. Uma sibuyela emuva kumsuka weColorado Canyon siyabona ukuthi yadalwa nguMfula iColorado inkambo yawo eyayicekela phansi umhlaba izigidi zeminyaka. Cishe singamakhilomitha angama-446 futhi sinezintaba ezithile eziphakathi kwamakhilomitha ayisithupha nangu-6 ububanzi. Ingafinyelela ekujuleni okungaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1.600.
Kuzo zonke lezi zigidigidi zeminyaka, iplanethi yethu ishiye izinkomba eziningi ngomlando futhi ingafundelwa ngenxa yalezi zinhlabathi. Futhi kungenxa yokuthi imifula nemifudlana ebusayo isika ungqimba lwendle ngesikhathi esifanayo nalapho ithafa lalikhuphuka khona.
Okutholakele mayelana neColorado Canyon
Lolu shintsho lutholakala ikakhulukazi esifundeni sase-Arizona. Kodwa-ke, izinzuzo zomfula zenza ukuthi zihlasele ingxenye ye-Utah neNevada. Amachibi amabili enhloko ahlukaniswe ngamakhilomitha angama-200 phakathi kwawo. Izingxenye ezivakashelwa kakhulu izihloko lapho izivakashi ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezi-5 zonyaka Bakhuluma ngokubaluleka kwezokuvakasha leli paki likazwelonke elinalo. Khumbula ukuthi izivakashi azihambi nje kuphela ngamathafa amahle kangaka, kodwa futhi nokufunda kabanzi ngomlando weplanethi yethu.
Phakathi kwezivakashi eziya eColorado Canyon kukhona zonke izinhlobo zochwepheshe. Iningi labo lingochwepheshe be-geological abazihambela bodwa ukuyofunda ngemvelaphi yomhlaba wethu. Umkhakha osenyakatho ucishe ube ngamamitha angu-2.400 XNUMX ngaphezu kogu lolwandle futhi ukufinyelela kwayo kusendaweni ethe ukuqhela. Ingafinyelelwa ngemoto noma ngendiza, isikhumulo sezindiza esiseduze yiLas Vegas ebangeni lamakhilomitha angama-426 entshonalanga.
IColorado Canyon Geology
Ake sibone ukuthi i-geology eyinhloko le canyon inayo. Kumele sazi ukuthi amadwala amaningi akha iColorado Canyon angamadwala asezintabeni. Eziningi zazo zingafundelwa futhi zihlehlele eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili ubudala. Ama-shales amaningi atholakala ku- phansi kuneminyaka eyizigidi ezingama-230 ubudala kusuka ku-limestone yakudala. Imicu eminingi etholakala esimweni somhosha iye yafakwa olwandle olushisayo olufudumele ngasogwini lolwandle. Sibona futhi imicu ethile efakwe emaxhaphozini asogwini akha ulwandle ekuqhubekeni nasekuzihoxiseni okuphindaphindiwe ogwini.
Kumele sazi ukuthi kuwo wonke umlando womhlaba izinga lolwandle lenyukile futhi lancipha ngokuya ngezinguquko zesimo sezulu ezenzeka ngokwemvelo. Akufanele siphambanise nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kwamanje kubangelwa ngabantu. Ijubane lokuzivumelanisa nezilwane nezitshalo ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu lalilula kakhulu isigamu sehora. Okuhlukile kakhulu yitshe leSandon Coconino elifakwe ngendlela efanayo nezindunduma zasogwadule.
Ukujula okukhulu kweColorado Canyon futhi ikakhulukazi ukuphakama komugqa wayo kungabangelwa ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1.500-3.000 wokuphakama kwethafa eminyakeni edlule. Ukukhuphuka kwaqala ukwenzeka cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-65 edlule. Konke lokhu kuphakama kukhiqizwe ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene kunokuba kube inqubo eqhubekayo, yingakho inezendlalelo. I-Strata yizendlalelo ezibonakala ngokuba nesidumbu esisodwa. Ngokwesibonelo, singabona ukudilika kwamadwala ahlukahlukene entaba enkathini eyodwa yesikhathi.
Inqubo yokuphakamisa inyuse i-gradient yamanje yoMfula iColorado nemifudlana yawo. Ngale ndlela, ukwazile ukukhuphula isivinini kanye namandla okudlula edwaleni ukuguqula kancane isimo sendawo. Indawo yokuhambisa amanzi emfuleni yakhiwa cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-40 eyedlule, ngenkathi iGrand Canyon cishe ingaphansi kweminyaka eyizigidi eziyisithupha ubudala. Sekube nenqubo enkulu yokuguguleka komhlaba eminyakeni eyizigidi ezimbili edlule. Ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi kudla wonke amadwala alo. Umphumela walokhu kuguguleka komhlaba yizinsika eziyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke emhlabeni.
Namuhla, inkambo yomfula iyaqhubeka nokukhukhula osebeni lomfula futhi iveze amadwala amadala.
Isimo sezulu nezokuvakasha
Izimo zezulu zomswakama omkhulu zenzekile ngezikhathi zeqhwa. Phakathi nale nqubo, inani lamanzi eliqoqwe yindawo yokuhambisa amanzi emfuleni lenyukile. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukujula nesivinini sesiteshi bekudala ukuguguleka okukhulu kuzo zonke lezi zikhathi. Cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-5.3 edlule izinga eliphansi lomfula lashintsha lapho kuvuleka iGulf of California futhi lonke izinga lesisekelo lehla. Njengoba izinga lesisekelo lehla, izinga lokuguguleka lenyuka. Kwafinyelela ezingeni lokuguguleka kangangokuba cishe konke ukujula kweGrand Canyon namuhla kwafinyelelwa eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyi-1.2 edlule.
Mayelana nezokuvakasha, ingxenye evakashelwe kakhulu eColorado Canyon yayisemaphethelweni aseningizimu cishe ngamamitha angama-2.134 30 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Ungenza imisebenzi efana ne-rafting noma ukwehla komfula nokuhamba phakathi kwabanye. Izikhulu zePaki azeluleki ukuthi zithathe usuku olulodwa lokuvakasha, ngoba umzamo odingekayo kanye nengozi yokukhathala ekushiseni nasekushiseni okuphezulu kunganciphisa izinkinga ezithile.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngeColorado Canyon nezimpawu zayo.