Namuhla sizokhuluma ngomfula wesibili omude kunayo yonke eYurophu. Imayelana ne- Umfula iDanube. Kubhekwa njengechibi lemvelo lokunotha ngohlaza nezilwane lapho kunezinhlobo zezilwane ezingaphezu kuka-4.000 nezitshalo eziyi-1.000 XNUMX ezihlala emzileni wazo. Inobuhle obuhle obugqama nokuba nenani eliphakeme lemvelo. Ukubaluleka kwayo kulele kunani layo lemvelo, ukuhweba kanye nezemvelo.
Sizokutshela zonke izici zoMfula iDanube nokuthi ubaluleke kangakanani ngokwemvelo, ukuhweba kanye nemvelo.
Izici eziyinhloko
Imvelaphi yayo iqala ehlathini elimnyama laseJalimane. Kuwo wonke uhambo lwayo uhamba amazwe angaphezu kwe-10 enkabeni nasempumalanga yeYurophu Kulokhu kungezwa ukuthi idlula emikhulu yaseYurophu ebaluleke kakhulu futhi igcina igelezela oLwandle Olumnyama. Ihlathi elimnyama lapho lizalwa khona lisendaweni ephakeme enezintaba ehlukaniswa njengendawo yokuheha izivakashi.
Phakathi kwamazwe ewela siqukethe okulandelayo:
- Ukraine
- Moldova
- Alemania
- Austria
- ISlovakia
- Hungary
- Serbia
- I-Croacia
- Bulgaria
- ERomania
Umthombo wayo ukuhlangana kwemifula emibili ebizwa ngeBrigach neBreg. Ithululela oLwandle Olumnyama eRomania. Izinga lokugeleza kwalo likhulu ngokwanele ukuthi ihamba ngebanga elingaphezu kwamakhilomitha angu-2.860 ubude. Lokhu kwenza kube ngumfula wesibili omude kunayo yonke iYurophu ngemuva koMfula iVolga eRussia.
Esigodini Somfula iDanube sithola indawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angaba ngu-800.000 futhi iwela ngaphezu kwamazwe ayi-10 esewonke. Zingahlukaniswa ngemuva kwezindawo ezingakhonjwa ngaphezulu komfula. Esinye sazo ukuqala komfula ukuya eBratislava. Kusuka kuwe ungakwazi enye ingxenye singayihlukanisa kusuka eBratislava kuye kuma-Iron Gates phakathi kweSerbia neRomania. Ingxenye yokugcina yalo mfula isuka ngapha iye emlonyeni woLwandle Olumnyama.
Mhlawumbe ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu kuzoba eyeSango Lensimbi, ngoba kunezinhlaka ezibizwa nge-Natural Gorges ,, Golubac, Gospodin neKazan, okuyizona ezicindezela ukudlula kwazo zonke izikebhe ngoba kule ndawo incipha impela umzila womfula.
Izici zomfula iDanube river
Esinye sezici eziyinhloko zomcengezi walo mfula ukuthi uhamba ngesikebhe cishe kukho konke ngenxa yokugeleza kwawo okukhulu. Njengoba izingxenye zaseJalimane zihlangana nabaningi imifudlana ezisuka ezindaweni ezibaluleke kakhulu zezolimo. Futhi kunokugeleza okukhulu okuhambisana nezinga leBhesin. Ayizulazuleki ngokuya ngomgwaqo uma iqhathaniswa neminye imifula emikhulu eYurophu. Lokho wukuthi, yize ihamba ngezikebhe, njengoba incane, ayinamandla amaningi okuthola ithrafikhi eminyene.
Kubhekwa sengathi yi-Amazon yaseYurophu futhi ingumfula obalulekile wamazwe omhlaba. Hhayi kuphela ngenxa yokubaluleka kwayo kwezomnotho nakwezemvelo, kepha futhi ngoba inamathafa amahle emzileni wayo.
Kulo lonke leli Basin sithola izilwane ezicebile impela. Umfula iDanube uyikhaya lezinhlobo eziningi zama-salmon, izinyoni, ama-sturgeon, njll. Mayelana nezimbali, sinezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezitholakala emahlathini nasemathafeni amakhulu amathafa akha ezinye zezinto zemvelo ezicebile kakhulu eYurophu. Sesiyazi ukuthi iningi lezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zitholakala ezindaweni eziphilayo ezahlukahlukene emabhange nasezizungeze imifula yabo bonke.
Phakathi kwezinhlobo zamanzi ezibaluleke kakhulu esizithola kulo mfula (kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingama-70) esine-sturgeon, i-caviar, i-shad, i-languid yaseYurophu kanye nezinye izinambuzane nezilwane eziphila ezweni. Siphinde sibe nezindwandwe ezingenakubalwa, ama-cormorants nama-pelican.
Kukhona iphuzu lapho iDanube ilele ngemuva bese iyahlangana nomfula iRhine. Yilo mfula odala ukuthi amanzi eDanube agelezele oLwandle Olumnyama.
Ukubaluleka koMfula iDanube
Ukubaluleka kwalo mfula akugcini nje ngokwenani lamazwe owela kulo kodwa nasezinhlokodolobha eziningi. Kulokhu kungabonakala ukuthi kubaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngoba ineziteshi zemvula ezisebenza njengamabhuloho aphesheya kwezolimo, ukudoba, izivakashi, ezentengiselwano nezimboni.
Ungumfula osetshenziswa kabanzi njengezokuthutha kwezohwebo. Amazwe uMfula iDanube odlula kuwo ayahlomula ngeqiniso lokuthi lo mfula udlula lapho ukwazi ukuhamba khona thutha izinto zokusetshenziswa zemoto, insimbi, ujantshi, amakhemikhali, uwoyela, njll. Eminye imikhiqizo yezimoto eyaziwa kakhulu yilezo ezisebenzisa lesi siteshi ukuhambisa izinto zokwakha. Uma umkhuba wokusebenzisa lo mfula ezokuthutha uqhubeka nokwanda, kulinganiselwa ukuthi eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo ezokuthutha zomfula kulo mfula zizophindeka kabili.
Kubalulekile futhi ngokuya ngamachibi ayo. Kuhambo lwayo, inezitshalo eziningana ezikhiqiza amandla ezitsheni ezahlukahlukene ezakhiwe. Ezimbonini, ezolimo kanye nokudoba, la madamu anentshisekelo enkulu kwezomnotho. Isitsha esibaluleke kakhulu yileso somnyango we-Iron. Yinkampani enkulu eyakhiwa ngeminyaka yama-60s ukuthi ikwazi ukusizakala ngokugeleza kwalo mfula futhi iwuguqule ube ngamandla kagesi ophehlwa ngamanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuphinde kuthuthukise ukugeleza kokuhamba kwemikhumbi okwakuyingozi ngaleso sikhathi ngenxa yemisinga enamandla yamanzi eyavela ngemibuso yomoya enjalo.
Konke lokhu kusize ezokuvakasha ukuthi zithandwe ngoba kunokuhamba okukhulu kwezikebhe, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezikebhe lapho ungahamba khona unyaka wonke kanye nalezo ezivakashelwa yizinkulungwane zezivakashi ezivela kuwo wonke umhlaba.
Ukungcola nezikhukhula
Okubi ngalo mfula ukuthi unemiphumela emibi eminingi. Eyokuqala ukuthi umuntu ungcolise amanzi adlula kuwo imboni, udoti nokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwemithombo yemvelo okubeka izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezitshalo nezilwane engcupheni yokuqothulwa. Ukwakhiwa kwamadamu neziqukathi nakho kuthinta kabi ibhalansi yemvelo yomfula.
Amanzi avela kwezolimo nawo angcoliswa ukuchitheka komanyolo kanye nezibulala-zinambuzane ezingenawo umsele omuhle. Konke lokhu kusongela ukusinda kwe-sturgeon, beaver, pelican kanye ne-European pond.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngomfula iDanube.