Njengoba sike saxoxa kaningi, ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kwandisa imvamisa nokuqina kwezimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu njengesomiso, izikhukhula neziphepho.
Ekuqaleni kwenyanga, iSiphepho u-Irma sahlasela iCaribbean futhi sidale umonakalo omkhulu. Kuhlasela iziphepho amandla akhishwa olwandle. Ngakho-ke, ngokwanda kwamazinga okushisa okubangelwa ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu, ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi bazokwenyuka ngamandla nangaphezulu, noma kunjalo, ngeke bakwenze kaningi. Zingaba namandla kangakanani lezo ziphepho?
Ukwanda kwesiphepho
Uma kungekho idatha yesathelayithi esilinganiselwe ngaphambi kuka-1970, akunakwenzeka ukwazi ukuthi umsebenzi we-cyclonic wavela kanjani ngekhulu lama-XNUMX. Ngaphambi kokufakwa kokulandela ngomkhondo okuphelele kwe-satellite, ngisho neziphepho ezinamandla kakhulu zingabonakala uma zingenzi ukuwa komhlaba, ngokwesibonelo. Ngakho-ke ukuqonda kososayensi.
Ngokungafani nedatha yemvula njalonjalo, iziphepho zidinga ukubonwa zisuka esikhaleni ngeziphuphutheki bese zibhekwa. Ngemuva kocwaningo olwenziwe kusukela ngo-1970, ukwanda kokuvama kweziphepho kwabonwa iminyaka engama-20, ngokungafani phakathi kuka-1970 no-1995.
Ukuphakama okuphezulu kweziphepho
Kunzima ukuqagela ukuthi inani lezivunguvungu ezenzeka emhlabeni wethu kungenxa yokwehluka kwemvelo noma ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu, uma kubhekwa imininingwane elinganiselwe ekhona namuhla. EPacific Northwest kwakukhona ukwehla okuncane kwemisebenzi ye-cyclonic phakathi kuka-1980 no-2010.
Kodwa-ke, amamodeli wekhompiyutha asebenza ukulingisa isimo sezulu esizobe sinaso kuleli khulu leminyaka, aveza ukwanda okungenzeka ngamandla kweziphepho, ngamandla amakhulu emimoyeni nasezimvuleni, nokwehla okungenzeka kumvamisa wazo emhlabeni.
“Iziphepho ezinamandla amakhulu zingenye yemiphumela elindelekile yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu. Ukuphakama kokushisa kwamanzi nezinga lomswakama, amandla esishingishane angaba nkulu. Kodwa-ke, lezi zinto ezimbili zikhulu kakhulu ngenxa yokwanda komphumela wokushisa ”, kuchaza uValérie Masson-Delmotte, oyilungu le-GIEC, okuyiqembu eliyinkomba yomhlaba ngesimo sezulu.
Kunomswakama ongaphezulu ngama-7% emkhathini wezinga ngalinye ake iplanethi ifudumale. Ngakho-ke kufanele sazi ubukhulu beziphepho ezilandelayo.