NASA

nasa nosomkhathi

Impela, uzwile kaningi nge NASA. Le yi-United States Aeronautical Space Administration (i-NASA, ngesifinyezo sayo esiNgisini) iyinkampani ezinikele ocwaningweni lwasemkhathini nasekuhloleni. Eminyakeni edlule selokhu yadalwa yethule imikhankaso eminingi yokuhlola umkhathi. Ingenye yama-ejensi abaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni kukho konke okuphathelene nezinkanyezi.

Kule ndatshana sizokutshela ngazo zonke izici nokubaluleka kwe-NASA.

Izici eziyinhloko

Iyinkampani eyadalwa ngo-1958. Kusukela lapho, ibiphethe ukwethula ohambweni lwasemkhathini olungaphezu kuka-160 futhi ithumele osomkhathi abaningi emkhathini. Inhloso enkulu yeNASA nayo yonke imisebenzi yasemkhathini eyenzekile kuyo yonke le minyaka ukuhlola umkhathi ongaphandle nokuthola imininingwane eminingi ngawo. Sizama ukuthola noma ukuthola ngempilo engaphandle komhlaba kanye nezici zakho konke okuzungeze iplanethi yethu emkhathini.

Phakathi kwemishini ebaluleke kakhulu nge Lezi ezivelele le nhlangano yilezo ezisohambweni lwenyanga ngo-1969. Kungumsebenzi omuhle ohambe wonke amakhona alo mhlaba futhi wonke umuntu ubelindele lokho okuzotholwa yiNASA. Kunabantu abaningi abasacabanga ukuthi uhambo oluya enyangeni kwakuyimontage yonke futhi lwalungelona olwangempela.

Ukuqala ngohambo olubaluleke kakhulu oluya emkhathini, i-NASA kudingeke ukuthi ikhansele imikhankaso eminingi ngenxa yokushoda kwemali. Futhi ukuthi ukuhlola isikhala kulahlekelwe yintshisekelo kubantu futhi izimali ezincane nezincane zenzelwe lokho. Ngemuva kweminyaka engama-30 enza imisebenzi yasemkhathini, kwadingeka ukuthi akhansele lonke lolu hlelo. Kodwa-ke uMongameli wase-US uDonald Trump uzimisele ukusunduza i-ejensi yasemkhathini ukuthi ithumele ukuhambela okuningi esikhaleni futhi yenze ukutholwa okumangalisayo.

Ukubaluleka kwe-NASA

Khumbula ukuthi njengamanje le ejensi akusiyona kuphela ehlola isikhala. Kodwa-ke, akufanele incishiswe, ngoba iyona eyasiyisa enyangeni eminyakeni engama-51 edlule. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi nawo wonke la mashumi eminyaka kube nesibopho sokufeza amaphupho abantu okunqotshwa komkhathi. Yize yasungulwa ngoJulayi 29, 1958, kodwa ayizange iqale ukusebenza kuze kube ngu-Okthoba 1 walowo nyaka.

Konke okwaziwayo ngomkhathi ongaphandle kuze kube manje sekutholwe yile nhlangano, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu maqondana nolwazi lwendawo yonke. Njalo lapho okuthile okuphathelene nesikhala kuphelelwa yisikhathi sikhumbula le nhlangano. Sizobona manje ukuthi yiluphi uhambo olubaluleke kakhulu olwenziwe yi-NASA futhi olufanele ulwazi ngomhlaba wonke.

Uhambo oluhamba phambili lwe-NASA

  • Isihloli 1: Yisathelayithi yokuqala yokufakelwa yaseNtshonalanga eyanikezwa ukuphendula abaseSoviet. Kungale satellite eyenziwayo lapho umjaho wasemkhathini waqala khona (isixhumanisi) 30. Le divayisi yayilinganisa amasentimitha angama-203 ubude namasentimitha ayi-16 ububanzi futhi yayinomsebenzi wokuthola ukuthi iplanethi yethu izungezwe imisebe ye-cosmic. Izungeze iplanethi yethu amahlandla ayizinkulungwane ezingama-58 futhi ibisemkhathini iminyaka eyi-12.
  • U-Alan Shepard: Wayengusomkhathi wokuqala weNASA ukuhamba emkhathini. Wenza indiza ehamba ngomkhumbi-mkhathi iMercury Redstone 3. Lo mcimbi wenzeka ngo-1961.
  • Uhlelo lwe-Apollo: Lolu hlelo kuhloswe ngalo ukuthi lukwazi ukundiza luze lunyathele iNyanga. Lolu hlelo lwethulwe ngemuva kwesimemezelo esenziwe nguMongameli John F. Kennedy lapho amemezela khona ukuthi bazohamba nendoda bayise kusathelayithi. Kwakunemishini eminingi kwaze kwaba u-Apollo 11 ubephethe ukufeza isithembiso sokunyathela inyanga. Kwenzeka ngo-1969 futhi kwakunguNeil Armstrong owakhuluma amagama angenakufa ka: "Isinyathelo esincane somuntu, ukuxhuma okukhulu esintwini." Le nkulumo yaphinyiselwa ngaphambi nje kokunyathela isathelayithi yethu, iNyanga.
  • U-Apollo 13: Le yinhloso ebifuna ukuhola umuntu ukuthi anyathele isathelayithi yethu okwesithathu. Kodwa-ke, ucingo lwethangi lomoya-mpilo lwadala ukuthi umkhumbi ube sengozini. Kwakungenye ukwehluleka okubaluleke kakhulu emlandweni. Yize imishini ingahambanga kahle, bakwazile ukubuyela emakhaya ngenxa yobungoti bosomkhathi nabalingani babo. Kumele futhi sisho umsebenzi wamadoda wokulawula imishini eMhlabeni asize ukubuyela emhlabeni wethu.
  • Iphayona 10: UMeyi 1972 futhi yisikhala sesikhala esiphenduke umkhumbi-mkhathi wokuqala ukuwela i-Asteroid Belt futhi ufinyelele eJupiter. Inepuleti elazisa noma ikuphi ukuhlakanipha okungaphandle komhlaba okungatholakala lapho livele khona nokuthi thina bantu singabantu kanjani. Isiginali yokugcina eyathathwa kulolu phenyo yayingo-2003. Njengamanje, ibheke enkanyezini i-Aldebaran ngaphakathi komlaza i-Taurus.

Eminye imishini ebalulekile

NASA

Ake sibone ukuthi yimiphi eminye imisebenzi ebalulekile iNASA eye yaba nayo.

  • I-Space shuttles: Kuluhlelo oluzalwe ngesikhathi iNASA ifuna ukunciphisa izindleko zocwaningo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umkhumbi-mkhathi we-Apollo ungasetshenziswa kanye kuphela. Kubonakala sengathi kunezimoto ezazingamelana nohambo oluningi emkhathini, ngakho kwakudingeka zenze umkhumbi owawuzokwazi ukumelana nokushisa okwakungeniswa ukungena nokuphuma komhlaba. Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-9 30 yokufunda, i-shuttle yaseColumbia ingakhiwa. Selokhu yaqala ukusebenza, isetshenziswe isikhathi esingaphezu kwamashumi amabili eminyaka, kepha yahlakazeka ekuhambeni kwayo kokugcina yathatha izimpilo zamalungu eqembu labasebenzi abayi-2.
  • I-Hubble Space Telescope: Ngaphambi kukaHubble, izithombe esasinazo zesikhala zaziwumkhiqizo wezibonakude ezisuselwa phansi. I-NASA inqume ukubeka eyodwa yalezi zixhobo emhlabeni ukuze ithwebule izithombe ezibukhali zendawo yonke. Ngenxa yesondlo esijwayelekile, uHubble usasebenza.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngeNASA nokusebenzisa kwayo.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.