Ngaphakathi kwenkathi I-Cenozoic sihlangana ne- Isikhathi sePaleocene lokho kwaqala cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-66 edlule kuya eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-56 edlule. Yayitholakala ngesikhathi sePaleogene futhi yaziwa ngezinguquko ezinqala ezazikhona emhlabeni. I- Izilwane zePaleocene ibibonakala ngenqubo yokuqedwa okukhulu kwama-dinosaurs nangezimo ezithile ezinobutha. Ngalesi sikhathi, kwasungulwa izimo ezithile ukuze iplanethi izinze ngandlela thile futhi ikwazi ukukhulisa ukukhula kwezitshalo nezilwane eziningi.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ngazo zonke izici nokuvela kwezilwane zasePaleocene.
Isikhathi sePaleocene
Ngaleso sikhathi iplanethi yayisebenza impela kusukela ekubukeni komhlaba. Ukukhukhumala kwezwekazi kwaqhubeka nokunyakaza kwayo ukuhlukanisa izwekazi elikhulu elaziwa ngePangea futhi amazwekazi adlulela endaweni akuyo njengamanje.
Ngokuqondene nokuhlukahluka kwemvelo, cishe kwakuyisikhathi esinenqwaba yezilwane nezitshalo. Amaqembu ezilwane asinda ekuqothulweni kwesikhathi esedlule akwazile ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezahlukahlukene zemvelo. Ukusuka lapha, basakazeka, bahlala ezindaweni ezinkulu zomhlaba futhi bahlukahluka baba yizinhlobo nohlobo.
Njengoba kunikezwe umsebenzi omkhulu wokuma komhlaba ngalesi sikhathi obonwe ngawo, sinamapuleti athile ama-tectonic aqala ukunyakaza kwawo ngesikhathi se- hloniphabangu futhi ekugcineni bahlala kwezinye izindawo kulo lonke iPaleocene. Isimo sezulu naso sidale amazinga okushisa aphezulu ukuthi Babangele ushintsho olukhulu ekuthuthukiseni izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo nendawo yabo yokwabiwa kanye nendawo yokuhlala.
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo nezimbali
Njengoba iPaleocene yaqala ngokushesha ngemuva kwenqubo yokuqothulwa okukhulu ezingeni lamaplanethi, izinhlobo eziningi kwakudingeka zisinde futhi zivumelane nezimo ezintsha. Lokhu kuqothulwa okukhulu kudale ukuthi lezi zinhlobo eziphilayo zisatshalaliswe endle nasekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo. Eziningi zalezi zinhlobo ezisindile zaba uhlobo olusha olukhonya emhlabeni.
Le nqubo yokuqothulwa kwabantu abaningi yacwaningwa kakhulu futhi yaziwa emlandweni futhi yaziwa njenge ukuqothulwa kobuningi beCretaceous and Tertiary. Kulapha lapho izilwane eziningi zomhlaba wonke zanyamalala khona futhi ama-dinosaurs avelele.
Ngokuqondene nezimbali zePaleocene sithola izitshalo eziningi ezisaphikelela nanamuhla. Ezinye zezitshalo ezakhula ngalesi sikhathi kwakuyizihlahla zesundu, ama-conifers, ne-cacti. Lokhu kutholakale ngenxa yamarekhodi ezimbiwa phansi aqoqwe ngochwepheshe. Kwakukhona nezindawo lapho i-fern yayiyisitshalo esiningi kakhulu.
Njengoba isimo sezulu esasikhona ngesikhathi sePaleocene sasishisa kakhulu futhi sinomswakama kuvune ukuthuthukiswa kwezindawo ezinkulu zomhlaba ezinezitshalo ezinamaqabunga nemifino ejwayelekile emahlathini emvula ahlanzekile angaphambilini namahlathi. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kwemvelo eshisayo egcwele umswakama, amazinga okushisa afudumele kanye nohlaza oluningi kungavumela ukuvela kwezilwane ezintsha.
AmaConifers abusa zonke lezo zindawo lapho izinga lokushisa beliphansi. La ma-conifers adlulela kulezo zifunda eziseduze nezigxobo. Esinye sezitshalo ezaqhubeka nokuhlukahlukana kwazo kwakuyi-angiosperms. Lezi zitshalo zigcinwa namuhla.
Izilwane zePaleocene
Ngokuqondene nezilwane zePaleocene, sinezilwane eziningi obekufanele zinqobe umcimbi wokuqothulwa okukhulu kukaCretaceous ongasekho. Izilwane ezazingakwazi basinde babenethuba lokwehlukanisa okwandayo emazweni ahlukahlukene emhlabeni. Basebenzise ikakhulukazi ithuba lokuthi ama-dinosaurs asevele ekhona, lawa kungabazingeli abakhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni. Lezi zilwane ezidlayo zazincintisana ngemithombo yezemvelo, ngakho-ke ukuba khona kwama-dinosaurs, ukwehluka nokusebenza kwendawo kwakulula kakhulu.
Phakathi kwamaqembu ezilwane okwakungezilwane zePaleocene futhi ezazisakazeka ngobukhulu obukhulu zazikhona izilwane ezincelisayo, izinyoni, izilwane ezinwabuzelayo nezinhlanzi. Sizohlaziya ngasinye sazo.
Iziqubuzelayo
Izilwane ezihuquzelayo kwakuyiqembu lezilwane ezazisinda ekunwetshisweni futhi zathandwa yizimo zezulu ezazikhona ngalesi sikhathi. Izimo zemvelo zabavumela ukuthi basabalale ezindaweni eziningi ezafaneleka ukusinda kwabo.
Phakathi kwezihuquzelayo ama-campusosaurs amaningi kakhulu, eyayihlala ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini. Umzimba wazo wawufana nowezilonda ezinkulu futhi zazinomsila omude onezitho ezincane ezine. Ezinye zalezi zinhlobo zingalinganiselwa kumamitha amabili ubude futhi amazinyo azo akwazi ukuzingela inyamazane yawo ngokukhululeka okukhulu. Izinyoka nezimfudu nakho kwaba nokuthuthuka kwazo ngalesi sikhathi.
Aves
Izinyoni zePaleocene zazihlala kule planethi futhi zanwetshwa ngenxa yokwanda kwamazinga okushisa ezindaweni ezishisayo. Izinyoni zohlobo lweGastornis, ezaziwa njengezinyoni ezethusayoZazinkulu kodwa zazingenawo amandla okundiza. Isici esiyinhloko salesi sakhi ukuthi babenomlomo omkhulu owawunokuthungwa okuqinile. Imikhuba yabo ibidla kakhulu futhi beyizilwane ezesabekayo zezilwane eziningi.
Sonke lesi sikhathi sesikhathi, izinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni eziqhubekayo namuhla zakhula futhi zavela ngenxa yezimo zemvelo. Kuleli qembu lezinyoni sithola izinyoni zasolwandle, izikhova, amajuba namadada, phakathi kwabanye.
Izilwane zePaleocene: izinhlanzi nezilwane ezincelisayo
Ngesikhathi sokuqothulwa okukhulu kweCretaceous, ingxenye enkulu yezilwane zasolwandle nazo zonke izibankwakazi zasolwandle nazo zanyamalala. Lokhu kwaholela ekunciphiseni okuncane emvelweni yasolwandle futhi kwabangela ukuthi oshaka basabalale babe yizilwane ezintsha ezizingelayo. Izinhlanzi eziningi eziqhubekayo namuhla zivele ngalesi sikhathi.
Ngokuqondene nezilwane ezincelisayo, kwakuyiqembu eliphumelele kakhulu ngaphakathi kwezilwane zasePaleocene. Ama-placentals, monotremes kanye nama-marsupials avelele. Ama-placentals ayiqembu lezilwane ezincelisayo ezinesici esikhulu sokukhula kombungu ngaphakathi kukanina. Ukuxhumana phakathi kwabo kusungulwa ngenxa yentambo kanye ne-placenta. Kuleli qembu kukhona amagundane, ama-lemurs nama-primates, phakathi kwabanye.
IMarsupials ngelinye iqembu lezilwane ezincelisayo lapho owesifazane eletha uhlobo lwesikhwama esaziwa ngegama le-marsupium. Lapha sithola ama-kangaroo futhi ayengenabo abamele abaningi ePaleocene. Ekugcineni, ama-monotremes kwakuyizilwane ezinesimo esifana nezilwane ezihuquzelayo nezinyoni. Umzimba wabo umbozwe ngeveli kepha banama-oviparous. Nayi i-platypus ne-echidna.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngezilwane zePaleocene.