Izilwane ze-Oligocene

Izilwane ezincelisayo ze-Oligocene

La Isikhathi se-Oligocene kwaba ngowesithathu nowokugcina ezinkathini ezakha inkathi yePaleogene yenkathi ka I-Cenozoic. Kuyisikhathi lapho iplanethi lahlangabezana khona noma lashintsha ushintsho ezingeni lezinto eziphilayo kanye nokwakheka komhlaba. I- Izilwane ze-Oligocene Ikwazile ukuchuma ngenxa yenguquko eyisisekelo kwesimo sezulu edale izimo ezifanele zokuthi izilwane nezitshalo zikhule.

Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ngazo zonke izici nokuvela kwezilwane zase-Oligocene.

Isikhathi se-Oligocene

Le nkathi yaqala cishe cishe iminyaka eyizigidi ezingama-34 futhi yaphela cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-23 edlule. Sonke lesi sikhathi iplanethi yathola izinguquko ezibonakalayo. Isimo sezulu sabamba iqhaza elibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni izitshalo nezilwane. Lezi zinguquko kwiplanethi zidale ukuthi izilwane kudingeke ziphinde zisabalalise umhlaba wonke.

I-Oligocene kube yisikhathi esihehe ochwepheshe ekutadisheni kwesikhathi se-geological kwazise banikele isikhathi esanele nomzamo ukuze bakwazi ukucacisa izinto ezifihliwe kakhulu. Isikhathi se-Oligocene cishe siyiminyaka eyizigidi eziyi-11 futhi, ngalesi sikhathi, ukunyakaza kwamapuleti ama-tectonic kwaqhubeka, kwafinyelela izikhundla ezifanayo nalezo abanazo namuhla.

Izilwane zase-Oligocene zidume ngokwaziwa njengeminyaka yezilwane ezincelisayo. Futhi ukuthi iqembu lezilwane ezincelisayo yilona elathola ukwehlukahluka okukhulu nokuhlukahluka ngalesi sikhathi. Ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa nokwandiswa kwezilwane, izingcezu ezaziwayo ezifana namagundane nama-canids zingakhiwa. Okugqame kakhulu kwi-geology yalesi sikhathi yi-Laramide orogeny ne-Alpine orogeny.

Ngokuqondene nesimo sezulu, izimo eziveze le nkathi zazimbi kakhulu. Kwakubonakala ngamazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu lapho izigxobo zahlala zimbozwe yiqhwa. Ezinye izinto eziphilayo zaguqulwa ngokuncipha kokushisa komhlaba. Ake sihlaziye impilo kangcono.

Flora

Izimbali zase-Oligocene zibonakala ikakhulukazi ngamahlathi e-coniferous ayedlangile kanye namahlathi ahlabayo. Lawa mahlathi alungiselelwe ukukwazi ukusinda emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Ama-Angiosperms aqala ukusakazeka enanini elikhulu lezindawo zokuhlala, ukuthola isizinda esihle.

Ngenxa yesimo sezulu esibandayo, ukwehla kwamahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo kwabonwa, okwathathelwa indawo yizitshalo ezinamahlumela nezindawo zotshani. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezitshalo bekufanele zibhekane nokwenziwa yizilwane eziklabayo ezikudlayo. Ake sihlaziye ukuthi ziyini lezi zilwane.

Izilwane ze-Oligocene

Izilwane ze-Oligocene

Izilwane zase-Oligocene zibonakala ngokuba namaqembu amaningi ezilwane akwazile ukwehlukahlukana futhi achuma naphezu kwezimo zezulu ezitholakale kuzo. Kula maqembu ezilwane ezahlukahlukene kakhulu sithola izinyoni, izilwane ezihuquzelayo nezilwane ezincelisayo. Abanye ososayensi babiza izilwane zase-Oligocene ubudala bezilwane ezincelisayo. Kumayelana nesikhathi senkathi yeCenozoic ukuthi yini enye engakhula ngokuya ngezilwane ezincelisayo.

Inani elikhulu lezinhlobo ezintsha zezilwane ezincelisayo zavela, phakathi kwazo esinamagundane, ama-canids, ama-primates nama-cetaceans. Sizohlaziya ngasinye sazo.

Ama-Rodents

Ngaphakathi kokuhleleka kwamagundane sithola iqembu eliningi kakhulu lezilwane ezincelisayo ezikhule ngesikhathi sezilwane zase-Oligocene. Isici sayo esasiza ukuhlukanisa kubo bonke kwakuyizinyo ezibukhali kakhulu ezisetshenziswa kaningi. Enye yazo ukuluma izilwane ezidla ezinye noma ukuququda izinkuni. Umndeni wama-Oligocene owaziwa kakhulu wamagundane kwakuyi-Eomyidae. Zazifana nezingwejeje zanamuhla kepha zinomzimba omncane nemikhuba yokudla.

Iziboshwa

Bayiqembu lezilwane ezincelisayo ezibonakala ngokuba neminwe emihlanu ezithweni zazo. Enye yezinzuzo eziphambili zalezi zilwane kunezinye izilwane ezincelisayo isithupha esiphikisayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banezinyawo ze-plantigrade ezivumela lonke ithambo lonyawo ukuthi lisekelwe ukuhamba. Iphethini layo lamazinyo lenzelwe futhi alikhethekile kakhulu. Ama-primates angabonwa kaningi ngalesi sikhathi kwakuyi-lemur ne-tarsier.

I-tarsier ingumzala onosayizi omncane cishe wamasentimitha ayi-10. Izici zabo eziyinhloko ukuthi banamehlo amakhulu awanika ithuba lokuvumelanisa umbono wabo ebumnyameni. Zondliwa ngokuphelele kule nyoka futhi zichitha isikhathi sazo esiningi zimisiwe emagatsheni ezihlahla.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-lemur iyi-primate engahluka ngosayizi kuye ngama-subspecies. Enye yezimpawu ezigqamayo umsila wayo omude. Umsila lo uvame ukuba mude ukwedlula umzimba ogcwele. Amehlo abo makhulu futhi iwavumela ukuthi abone ubumnyama. Azihlukanisi kahle imibala yize zingahlukanisa ubujamo.

Izilwane ze-Oligocene: ama-canids

Ngaphakathi kwama-canids bangabeqembu lezimpisi nezinja. Isici sayo esiyinhloko ukuba nomzimba omaphakathi futhi ukuhamba kusekelwa kumathiphu eminwe. Kuyikudla okudlayo futhi iningi lazo liyizilwane ezidlayo. Bavele ku-Eocene futhi kamuva bahlukahluka.

AmaCetaceans

Iqembu lezilwane ezincelisayo elikwazile ukuzivumelanisa kakhulu nempilo yasolwandle. Izici zayo eziyinhloko ukubekwa phambili kwemboni zangaphambili ukuze zikwazi ukuba amaphiko. Izimpiko zazo zangemuva zinyamalele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuphefumula kwabo kungamaphaphu, ngakho-ke kufanele bavame ukuphakama phezulu ukuze bathathe umoya.

Ngesikhathi sezilwane zase-Oligocene esinye sezilwane ezincelisayo zomhlaba ezinkulu kakhulu ezithuthukisiwe. Kuyaziwa njengeParaceratherium. Kwakunezilinganiso ezilinganisiwe ze- icishe ibe ngamamitha ayi-8 ukuphakama namamitha ayi-7 ubude. Bekuyizilwane ezidla ubhedu ezinomqondo othuthuke kahle kakhulu wephunga. Kwakungeyona indawo yokuzijabulisa nhlobo, kodwa babenendlela yokuphila enesizungu. Ngokusobala babelwa bodwa, bashayisana ngamakhanda futhi babavikela ngamathambo ogebhezi ajiyile kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngezilwane zase-Oligocene.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.