Inkinjana emhlophe

Inkinjana emhlophe

Lapho sihlaziya indawo yonke nazo zonke izinto ezisemkhathini eziyibumbayo, into yokuqala okumele siyenze izinkanyezi. Izinkanyezi zinezigaba ezahlukahlukene zokuziphendukela kwemvelo ezisuka ekudalweni kwazo ziye ekubhujisweni kwazo. Isigaba sokugcina esinokuvela kwenkanyezi saziwa njenge Inkinjana emhlophe. Yizinkanyezi ezincane ezihlangene ezinamandla okuzungeza ngokushesha. Zine-ray engalinganiswa ngokuphelele naleyo yomhlaba wethu futhi ziyizinkanyezi ezigcina ziwile.

Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela zonke izici, imvelaphi nokwakheka komfula omhlophe.

Izici eziyinhloko

usayizi omhlophe omhlophe

Kuyinsali yenkanyezi eyakhiwa lapho inkanyezi enesisindo esiphansi isebenzisa wonke uphethiloli wenuzi eyayinawo. Isigaxa esimhlophe sibonakala ngokushisa kakhulu futhi sincane kepha ngokukhanya okuncane. Zibhekwa njengezinkanyezi ezinobunzima obuphansi beplanethi. Kungashiwo ukuthi umfitshane omhlophe ungumphumela walokho okuzokwenzeka elangeni lethu. Lapho ilanga lethu liphela uphethiloli wokwenza i-nyukliya fusion kuzoba lolu hlobo lwenkanyezi.

Ngasekupheleni kwesigaba inkanyezi enaso, sithola ukuncipha komlilo wenuzi. Lezi zinhlobo zezinkanyezi zikhipha kakhulu yonke impahla ezinayo ngaphandle futhi ziveza i-nebula yeplanethi. Lapho isikhiphe yonke impahla yayo, ngakhipha i-nebula, kwasala umnyombo oshisayo wenkanyezi. Le nucleus yiyona eba yinto emhlophe nayo amazinga okushisa angadlula i-100.000 degrees Kelvin. Ngaphandle kokuthi imfucumfucu emhlophe yiyo ephethe ukuqoqa izinto ezinkanyezini eziseduze nayo, cishe izokwehla eminyakeni eyizigidigidi ezizayo.

Njengoba kulindelwe, yizinqubo ezingenzeki ngokwesilinganiso somuntu, ngakho-ke akunakubonwa ngamehlo.

Izici zomfula omhlophe

izici ezimhlophe ezimhlophe

Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi ezinye zezinto eziyinhloko lezi zinhlobo zezinkanyezi ezinazo esigabeni sokugcina:

  • Inkinjana emhlophe ejwayelekile kunazo zonke icishe ilingane nengxenye yelanga lethu. Inkudlwana kuneplanethi enguMhlaba.
  • Ziyizinkanyezi ezinosayizi omncane kakhulu kepha izinga lokushisa eliphakeme futhi ubukhulu bufana nobelanga. Iqiniso lokuthi abebukeka emhlophe kungenxa yokushisa kwawo.
  • Yilezo ezimele isigaba sokugcina sempilo yenkanyezi esifana nelanga. Siyazi ukuthi kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinkanyezi futhi ngayinye inezici ezihlukile.
  • Bacatshangelwa ngaphakathi kweqembu lemizimba udaba oluminyene kakhulu olusendaweni yonke. Zingezesibili kuphela ezinkanyezini ze-neutron.
  • Ngoba ayikwazi ukudala ingcindezi yangaphakathi, amandla adonsela phansi ahlanganisa udaba ngaphakathi ukuze achoboze ngisho nawo wonke ama-electron akhelwe ngawo.
  • Ngokungabi nokusabela kwe-thermonuclear kungqikithi yayo, ayinalo uhlobo lomthombo wamandla. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi icindezele kancane isisindo sayo.

Lapho sihlaziya into encane emhlophe ekwakhiweni kwayo konke, siyabona ukuthi yakhiwe ngama-athomu asesimweni se-plasma. Ama-athomu anesibopho sokukhipha kuphela amandla okushisa agcinwe. Lesi yisizathu esenza ukuthi lolu hlobo lwezinkanyezi lunokukhanya okuntekenteke. Lapho umucu omhlophe uphela ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-hydrogen, uyanda njengama-giants abomvu futhi afaka i-helium kukhabhoni ne-oxygen. Le khabhoni nomoya-mpilo kusebenza i-nucleus yayo. Ngaphezulu kwazo singathola ungqimba lwe-hydrogen ewohlokile ne-helium enikeza ukwakheka kohlobo lomkhathi onalo.

Ukwakheka komfula omhlophe

umdondoshiya obomvu

Sizobona ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ezisemqoka ezilandelwa ukwakheka komfutho omhlophe. Kuthiwa zonke izinkanyezi zinezigaba ezingafani nokuthi zigcina ngokufa. Esimweni esinjalo, ekugcineni kokuziphendukela kwemvelo ziguqukela kulolu hlobo lwenkanyezi. Yibo labo asebenzise yonke i-hydrogen abanayo futhi bayisebenzisa njengophethiloli wenuzi. Ukuhlangana okwenzeka enkabeni yenkanyezi kukhiqiza ukushisa nengcindezi ebheke ngaphandle kwayo. Le ngcindezi inesibopho sokulinganisa sibonga emandleni adonsela phansi akhiqizwa ubukhulu benkanyezi.

Lapho nje wonke uphethiloli we-hydrogen usetshenzisiwe, ukuhlanganiswa kwenuzi kuyaphela bese kuqala ukwehla. Lokhu kudala ukuthi amandla enkanyezi adilike. Njengoba inkanyezi igoqeka ekuhlanganeni ngenxa yesisindo samandla adonsela phansi, iyayishisa i-hydrogen futhi iyenze izingqimba ezingaphandle zenkanyezi zikhula ziye ngaphandle. Ngakho-ke, siqala ukubona ukuthi ngaphambi kokuba yisidlakela esimhlophe kwakuyisidlakela esibomvu. Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obukhulu, ukushisa kuyanda njengoba izinga lokushisa komhlaba liba libanda. Noma kunjalo, umongo wayo uhlala ushisa.

Lezi zinkanyezi zinesibopho sokuguqula i-helium eku-nucleus ibe yizinto ezahlukahlukene ezisindayo njengekhabhoni. Bese bexosha okokusebenza ezingqimbeni zabo ezingaphandle bese benza imvilophu yegesi. Le mvulophu yegesi ibhekwa njengomoya omncane. Ingqikithi iyaqhubeka nokushisa nezinkontileka zokwakha umhlana omhlophe.

Izinhlobo nezintshisakalo

Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezehlukene zemifino emhlophe ezikhona:

  • dA: yimifino emhlophe enemigqa yeBalmer kuphela futhi engenazinsimbi ezikhona.
  • dB: kulolu hlobo azikho izinsimbi ezikhona.
  • AD: bane-spectrum eqhubekayo, futhi bambalwa noma akekho kubo onomugqa obonakalayo.
  • yenza: bane-helium noma i-hydrogen
  • dZ: banemigqa yensimbi embalwa kuphela.
  • dQ: banezici zekhabhoni kungaba yi-athomu noma yamangqamuzana kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yobubanzi.

Phakathi kokumangazayo kwalezi zinkanyezi siyabona ukuthi ziminyene ngokweqile yize irediyasi yazo incane kuneyelanga. Le mizimba inamandla afanayo elanga. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokupholisa izinkanyezi, kukhishwa into enegesi, eyaziwa njenge i-nebula yamaplanethi. Lapha sibona ukuthi i-stellar nucleus inobuningi obukhulu ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngemifantu emhlophe nezimpawu zayo.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.