Kule planethi, konke okuhambayo kudinga ukuthi kususwe imoto. Lokho kungukuthi, amandla acindezela into ukuthi ihambe, ngoba ibingazenzi yodwa. Kwenzeka into efanayo ngemisinga yolwandle.
Sihlale sizwa ngemisinga yolwandle. Imiphumela yayo, ukubaluleka kwayo, ithonya lesimo sezulu, njll. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi asazi ngempela ukuthi le mifudlana yolwandle yakhiwa kanjani. Injini ehambisa amanzi olwandle yenziwe yi isenzo esihlanganisiwe somoya, amagagasi nobuningi bamanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kunyakaza kubanga ukwehluka kwamazinga okushisa ezigaba zamanzi ezindawo ezahlukahlukene futhi kukhiqize nokunyakaza. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi kabanzi ngemisinga yolwandle?
Ukubaluleka kwemisinga yolwandle
Le mifudlana yemizimba yamanzi ibaluleke kakhulu ngoba ezindaweni lapho kuhamba khona amanzi amaningi, kulapho kuvame ukuba khona nenani lezakhi zomzimba, ngakho-ke, zokuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo. Kuyinto ngenxa ukunyakaza njalo by lokho amanzi olwandle ahlukahlukene emhlabeni wonke agcine izici zawo ezigidini zeminyaka.
Amagagasi olwandle awahambisi kuphela izakhamzimba, kodwa futhi ahamba amabanga amade athwala amandla okushisa. Lokhu kusiza uku ukwabiwa kwamazinga okushisa, usawoti kanye nezinto eziphilayo kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba. Ezidalweni eziningi eziphilayo ezilwandle, imisinga yolwandle ibaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthweni komsoco, ukuzinza kwamazinga okushisa nokususwa okude.
Okunye okubalulekile abanakho kuyo yonke iplanethi ukuthi banethonya elikhulu esimweni sezulu. Imisinga yasolwandle ikhiqiza imvula, izimo zezulu ezifana ne- I-El Niño nabanye abaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yemisinga yolwandle, ukukhiqizwa kwamanzi kuyanda.
Yakhiwa kanjani imisinga yolwandle
Njengoba sike saphawula phambilini, imisinga yasolwandle ukunyakaza kwamanzi okwenzeka ngaphakathi kolwandle futhi kudalwa yizinto ezahlukahlukene ezifana nomoya, ushintsho kusawoti nasekushiseni. Le misinga yolwandle ingajula futhi ijule ngenxa yezinguquko ekucineni kwamanzi.
Imisinga yasolwandle ekha phezulu ingenxa yesenzo somoya. Umoya uhamba ubheke kulezo zindawo lapho kunenani eliphansi lengcindezi yasemkhathini. Ngakho-ke, uma umoya ususa imisinga yolwandle, lokhu kuzophinde kuthuthele ezindaweni lapho kunengcindezi encane.
Imisinga yolwandle ejulile iyadingeka ekushintsheni kwamazinga okushisa, usawoti kanye nobuningi. Amanzi aminyene athambekele ekujuleni kolwandle. Ubuningi bamanzi buya ngezinga likasawoti kanye nezinga lokushisa. Amanzi abandayo ajiyile futhi aya phansi olwandle, asuse amanye amanzi afudumele ngaphezulu. Lokhu kuhamba kwenqwaba yamanzi kwenza imisinga yasolwandle.
Ngokufanayo, lawo manzi anosawoti amaningi ajiyile futhi azothambekela ukwehla, asuse amanzi aminyene angaphezulu phezulu, akhiqize ukunyakaza kwesixuku samanzi.
Imisinga yamanzi angaphezulu
Le misinga yamanzi angaphezulu ithonywa yi ukwabiwa kwamazwekazi kanye nokujikeleza komhlaba. Inani lemisebe yelanga ewela emanzini nokwabiwa kabusha kokushisa nakho kuthonya izici zale misinga.
ENyakatho Nenkabazwe bahamba ngendlela eyindilinga ngendlela eya kwewashi. ENingizimu Nenkabazwe bahamba ngendlela eyindilinga ngendlela ephikisana newashi.
Njengoba sishilo phambilini, ukwabiwa kwezakhamzimba emanzini kuncike emisakazweni yasolwandle. Imimoya yezohwebo evunguza entshonalanga ihambisa le misinga kuleyo ndlela, ivumela amanzi abandayo, ajulile anezakhamzimba eziningi ukuba zikhuphuke. Lezi zindawo zakha ama-Outcrops. Ziyizindawo ezicebile kakhulu kwezokudoba, ezibaluleke kakhulu zitholakala ogwini lwasePeru naseCalifornia, eMelika nasogwini lwaseSahara, iKalahari neNamibia, e-Afrika.
Imisinga ejulile
Imisinga ejulile idalwa ukwehluka kwezinga lokushisa nosawoti. Zibizwa ngemisinga ye-thermohaline. Imvamisa zithintwa isimo sendawo yolwandle kanye nokuzungeza komhlaba.
Ibhande elibizwa ngokuthi i-oceanic conveyor belt lenzeka eNyakatho ye-Atlantic futhi likhiqiza umsinga wamanzi abandayo nosawoti kakhulu, umsinga wase-Arctic. Icwila ngokunyakaza kakhulu eningizimu. Uma usudlulile i-equator, udlula ebangeni laseningizimu, umsinga wamanzi uyakhuphuka njengoba usunduzwa ngomunye wamanzi abandayo. Okwamanje okushayayo kungamandla e-Antarctic. Ukuhamba kwale misinga kuhamba kancane kusuka ku-2 kuye ku-40 cm / s futhi kungaba nokuqondiswa okuphambene nemisinga yomhlaba.
Lapho kukhuphuka imisinga ejulile ama-outcrops akhiqizwa, lapho ungathola isivuno esihle sokudoba.
Imisinga yolwandle
Le mifudlana yenziwa ukunyakaza kwamanzi okudalwe ngokuheha kwenyanga eMhlabeni namandla adonsela phansi. Lapho igagasi liphakama noma liwa, ukuhamba kwamanzi kudala imisinga. Le misinga ihamba kancane futhi inethonya elincane ekuguqukeni kwezilwandle.
Izibonelo zemisinga yolwandle
Kuyo yonke iplanethi kunemisinga yolwandle evelele ngokubaluleka kwayo.
I-Antarctic Circumpolar yamanje
I-Antarctic Circumpolar Current iwumsinga wasolwandle obandayo ogeleza ngokukhululeka usuka entshonalanga uye empumalanga uzungeze i-Antarctica, ngendlela efanayo nokuhamba kokujikeleza komhlaba. Lokhu kunjalo ngoba lokhu kwamanje ayitholi izwekazi kulo lonke umzila walo ophazamisa ukujikeleza kwalo.
Umfudlana wegebe
IGulf Stream inobubanzi obumaphakathi obungu-80-150km nokujula phakathi kuka-800 no-1200m. I-velocity ephakeme kakhulu iseduze nobuso futhi incipha ngokujula. Isivinini esiphezulu okufinyelelwa kuso manje ngu-2m / s.
ICalifornia yamanje
Kungamanzi abandayo olwandle avela ePacific agelezela ngaseningizimu ngasogwini olusentshonalanga yeNyakatho Melika, avale ukujikeleza kwamanzi phakathi kuka-48 ° no-23 ° North latitude. Kungenxa yokwanda kwamanzi abandayo avela ekujuleni kolwandle, kubangelwe ukuphambukiselwa eningizimu yeNyakatho yePacific yamanje.
Ngalolu lwazi ungazi okuthile okwengeziwe ngokubaluleka kwemisinga yolwandle esimweni sezulu sethu nokuthi yakhiwa kanjani.