ISuez Canal

ubude besiteshi

Umuntu ubelokhu ephikisana nezenzo eziningi zokwakha. Ukwakhiwa komsele ongaxhuma uLwandle Olubomvu noLwandle iMedithera kwaba ugqozi lwemiphakathi yasendulo eyayigcwele i-Isthmus yaseSuez. Kube nemizamo eminingana kwaze kwaba yilapho ukuphela kwakhiwa ISuez Canal. Umzila ubaluleke kakhulu ngokombono wezomnotho futhi ngemuva kwawo unendaba enkulu futhi ethokozisayo esizoyitshela lapha.

Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana neSuez Canal, ukwakhiwa kwayo nomlando wayo.

Umklamo weSuez canal

ukubaluleka kwezomnotho komsele

Asibuyeli emuva kuze kube yimizamo yokuqala yokwakha lomsele ngekhulu le-XNUMX BC Ngaleso sikhathi, uFaro Sesostris III wayala ukwakhiwa komsele ingaxhuma uMfula iNayile noLwandle Olubomvu. Yize yayinendawo encane ngokwanele, yayingaphezu kokwanele ukuhlalisa zonke izikebhe zaleso sikhathi. Lo mzila wawusetshenziswa kabanzi kwaze kwaba maphakathi nekhulu lesi-XNUMX BC.Ugwadule lwalulukhulu ngokwanele ukuthi lwathola ingxenye enkulu yomhlaba kusuka olwandle, luvimba ukuphuma kuwo.

Ngalesi sizathu uFaro Neko wazama ukuvula lo mfula ngaphandle kwempumelelo. Bangaphezu kuka-100.000 XNUMX abesilisa abashone bezama ukuvula lo msele. Kungemva kwekhulu lapho inkosi yasePheresiya, uDariyu, yaqala ukusebenza ukuze ikwazi ukubuyisa ingxenye eseningizimu yomsele. Umqondo kwakuwukuletha umzila lapho yonke imikhumbi yayingadlula iye ngqo eMedithera ngaphandle kokuwela uMfula iNayile. Imisebenzi yaphela eminyakeni engama-200 kamuva ngaphansi kwegunya likaPtolemy II. Isakhiwo sasicishe sifane naleso seSuez Canal yamanje.

Kwakunomehluko wamamitha ayisishiyagalolunye phakathi kwezinga lamanzi oLwandle Olubomvu noloLwandle iMedithera, ngakho-ke lokhu kwakudingeka ukuthi kubhekwe ezibalweni zokwakhiwa komsele. Ngesikhathi amaRoma engena eGibhithe, kwaba nokuthuthuka okukhulu okwakungandisa ukuhweba. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokuhamba kwamaRoma lomsele yabuye yashiywa futhi yayingasetshenziselwa lutho. Ngesikhathi sokubusa kwamaSulumane uCaliph Omar wayephethe ukululama kwayo. Ngemuva kokusebenza kwekhulu leminyaka lonke liphinde labuyiselwa yihlane.

Kumele sikhumbule ukuthi ugwadule luyaqhubeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nokuthi isihlabathi singonakalisa yonke into esendleleni yaso.

Umlando weSuez Canal

ukubaluleka komsele we-suez

Ukuba khona kweSuez Canal kwahlala kufihlwe ngokuphelele kusukela lapho iminyaka eyinkulungwane. Kuze kufike ukufika kukaNapoleon Bonaparte, owafika eGibhithe ngo-1798. Phakathi kweqembu lezazi ezazihamba noNapoleon kukhona onjiniyela abaziwayo futhi wayenemiyalo ethile yokuhlola isthmus ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi kuvulwa umsele ongavumela ukudlula kwamabutho nempahla kuya eMpumalanga. Inhloso enkulu yomsele futhi bekuyimizila yezohwebo.

Ngaphandle kokuthola umkhondo woFaro bakudala ekufuneni indlela yokuvula lo mfula kabusha, unjiniyela wemigomo yokwakhiwa kwawo wawungenakwenzeka nhlobo. Njengoba kwakukhona umehluko wamamitha ayisishiyagalolunye phakathi kwezilwandle zombili, ayikuvumeli ukwakhiwa kwayo. Iminyaka idlulile, ikhilomitha elanyuka kwaba yisidingo sokuvula lo mzila wasolwandle.

Kakade phakathi nenguquko yezimboni, ukuhwebelana kwaseMpumalanga Asia kwase kuphelile ukuba ngubukhazikhazi futhi kwase kubalulekile ekukhuleni komnotho kwayo yonke imibuso emikhulu yaseYurophu. Ngo-1845, kwengezwa omunye umgwaqo owodwa, owawungowokuqala Ujantshi waseGibhithe ohlanganisa i-Alexandria nechweba laseSuez. Kwakunendlela enqamula olwandle enqamula ogwadule lwaseSinayi kodwa yayingasebenzi ngenxa yobuningi bezimpahla okwakungathwalwa ngazo yizihambi. Ukuhweba kulezi zindawo kwakungeyona nhlobo.

Ulayini wesayensi wesitimela wokuqala ubewusizo kakhulu ekuthuthweni kwabagibeli kepha ubunganele ukuthuthwa kwempahla. Ayikwazanga ukuncintisana nemikhumbi emisha emisha eyayikhona ngaleso sikhathi, eyayishesha kakhulu futhi inamandla amakhulu okulayisha.

Ukwakhiwa kwakhe

Ekugcineni, imisebenzi yokwakhiwa kwalo mfula yaqala ngo-1859 ngusomaqhinga waseFrance nosomabhizinisi uFerdinand de Lesseps. Ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-10 yokwakhiwa, yavulwa futhi yaba ngomunye wemisebenzi yobunjiniyela emikhulu kunayo yonke emhlabeni. Izinkulungwane zabasebenzi ezifana nabalimi baseGibhithe basebenze ngenkani futhi ababalelwa ku-20.000 XNUMX babo bafa ngenxa yezimo ezinzima lapho ukwakhiwa kwakwenziwa khona. Kungokokuqala kuwo wonke umlando ukuthi kusetshenziswe imishini yokumba eyenzelwe ngqo le misebenzi.

IFrance ne-United Kingdom baphatha lesi siteshi iminyaka ethile kodwa uMongameli wase-Egypt wasibeka ngaphansi kuka-1956. Lokhu kwaqubula inkinga yomhlaba wonke eyaziwa nge-Sinai War. Kule mpi, i-Israel, iFrance kanye ne-United Kingdom bahlasela izwe. Kamuva, phakathi kuka-1967 no-1973 kwaba nezimpi zama-Arab nama-Israel, njenge-Yom Kippur War (1973).

Ukulungiswa kokugcina kweSuez Canal kwakungo-2015 ngemisebenzi ethile yokunweba edale izingxabano eziningi njengoba isifinyelele umthamo nobude obuphelele njengamanje.

Ukubaluleka kwezomnotho

umkhumbi ubhajwe emseleni we-suez

Kulezi zinsuku sekudume ngokwengeziwe ukushintshanisa ngenxa ye- Ukwehliswa komkhumbi i-Ever Given, onemikhumbi engaphezu kwama-300 nezikebhe zokudonsa ngazinye eziyi-14 emsebenzini Kunzima ukubuyisa ithrafikhi yasolwandle endaweni.

Ukubaluleka kwezomnotho ngokuyisisekelo kuhlala eqinisweni lokuthi eminye imikhumbi engama-20.000 XNUMX idlula kulo mfula ngesandla futhi ingumsele ohamba ngokugcwele osetshenziswa eGibhithe. Ngenxa yalokhu, sonke isifunda sibe yinto ephumelelayo ngenxa yokuhwebelana okuthengiswayo. Ivumela ukuhwebelana kwasolwandle phakathi kweYurophu neNingizimu Asia futhi inendawo efanelekile.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngeSuez Canal, ukwakhiwa kwayo nomlando wayo.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.