Kuzindatshana ezimbalwa ezedlule ezifana nalezi ze- "Amaphuzu abucayi kakhulu ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu" Ngiphawule ukuthi iSpain ingelinye lamazwe e-European Union lokho isengozini enkulu emiphumeleni yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu. Omunye wemiphumela emibi yokufudumala kwembulunga isikhathi eside lokho kukhuphuka kwamazinga olwandle.
Ngenxa yalokho, le nkinga yomhlaba wonke yesikhathi eside ingaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu emazweni nase ukuzinza kwalo ngasogwini. Kungani iSpain isengozini kangaka ogwini?
Imiphumela yokufudumala komhlaba
Enye yezinkinga zokufudumala kwembulunga ukuncibilika kwezingqimba zeqhwa e-Arctic nase-Antarctic okunomphumela walokho khuphuka olwandle. Umnotho waseSpain, usekelwe kakhulu emkhakheni wezemfundo ephakeme (ezokuvakasha) kanti izindawo ezisogwini zihlala kakhulu, ngakho-ke uma ulwandle lukhuphuka, kuzoba nezinkinga eziningi.
Kulesi simo esikhiqizwe ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke, kufanele sengeze ukwanda kwezikhukhula okuthi, ngokukhuphuka kwezinga lolwandle, kube kubhubhisa kakhulu futhi kuzodala umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu.
ISpain isengozini ngenxa yolwandle lwayo olunabantu abaningi
Kuze kube manje, amakhilomitha-skwele ayizigidi ezingama-361 angene olwandle asebenze ekulweni nokushisa komhlaba, ngoba babhekele kumunca kuze kufike ku-90% wokushisa okukhiqizwe ngabantu nengxenye yesithathu yekhabhoni dayoksayidi ekhishwe.
Izilwandle nezilwandle zimunca i-CO2
Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yengcindezi ngokwengxenye ye-carbon dioxide esemkhathini. Lapho kunesikhutha esiningi emkhathini, sidlulela emanzini, okuthi usebenza njengomlawuli. Inkinga ngale nto ukuthi ikhiqiza imiphumela emibi engemihle. Lapho kunenani elikhulu le-CO2 emanzini, zidala i-acidification nokuwohloka kwemvelo yasolwandle kanye nokuhlala kwezinhlobo eziningi.
Elinye lamacala adume kakhulu futhi aziwa kakhulu emiphumela emibi ebangelwe ukumuncwa kwe-CO2 yizilwandle ukuphuma kwegazi kwezixhobo zamakhorali, ezingagcina zibulawa yindlala.
Eqinisweni, uLwandle iMedithera olusentshonalanga isifunda sasolwandle esinenani elikhulu kakhulu le-anthropogenic carbon dioxide enqwabelene ezindaweni zayo ezijulile emhlabeni, ngenxa yokuthi izungezwe isintu nezinqubo zokucwila kwamanzi abandayo futhi aminyene okwenzeka lapha, okuvimba ukuphuma kwe-CO2 ebheke e-Atlantic idlule eGibraltar.
Embikweni ovela eCatalonia kwavezwa ukuthi amazinga okushisa aphakathi akhuphuke cishe ngama-degree amabili kusukela ngo-1900.
Lokhu kuba namiphi imiphumela?
Ososayensi baxwayisa ngemiphumela eqondile yokufudumala kwembulunga yonke, njengokuncibilika kwamakhemikhali asezindaweni ezibandayo nezinguzunga zeqhwa, ukwanda kwamanzi okushisayo nokukhuphuka kolwandle, ngaphezu kweziphepho zasolwandle ezandayo, ababikezela ukuthi, ziyoba nomphumela ukuguguleka kwamabhishi, manje sezivele zilahlekelwa phakathi kwamasentimitha angama-60 kuya kwangama-90 ngonyaka.
Njengoba kunikezwe le miphumela, iSpain ingahle ibe nayo ababaleki bezulu eminyakeni ezayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iqiniso lokuthi izikhathi zesomiso zinde ezindaweni ezinesomiso eningizimu-mpumalanga yenhlonhlo kwasekuvele, kanye nezinye izinto eziningi, ikakhulukazi ezomnotho, imbangela yokufuduka okukhulu okwenzeka eSpain ngawo-XNUMX.
Eminyakeni embalwa, ngesilinganiso samanje sokusetshenziswa nokonakala, inani likadoti olwandle luzodlula lelo lezinhlanzi. Phakathi kwamaphrojekthi azama ukumisa le miphumela emibi ukubalwa kwe-carbon dioxide emadamini olwandle ukuze kususwe i-CO2 emjikelezweni, ukuxhashazwa kwama-hydrate egesi, umhlaba wawo ogcina kabili lawo kawoyela, igesi yemvelo nekhabhoni ndawonye, noma ukuhlanzwa kwezingcezu zepulasitiki ezingaphezu kwezigidigidi eziyisihlanu ezintanta olwandle njengamanje.
Iphinde yanxusa inhlonipho enkulu ngemvelo yasolwandle yaseSpain, nayo Ama-5% ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle emhlabeni, cishe izinhlobo ezingama-200.000, okuyi-8,6% yazo kuphela evikelwe.