Ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu nokwenyuka kwamazinga okushisa ezingeni lomhlaba kuyinto ethinta wonke amazwe emhlabeni ngandlela thile. ELatin America, ngaphandle kwezinguquko ezinkulu kwezenhlalo nakwezobuchwepheshe eziqhubeka njalo, amaLatinos aneminyaka engaphansi kwengama-30 ubudala anomehluko obalulekile ngokufana nabanye: abake baphila nenyanga eyodwa yezimpilo zabo ngethempelesha engezansi Isilinganiso samazinga okushisa aqoshwe ngekhulu lama-XNUMX.
Ukwanda kwamazinga okushisa omhlaba kuya ngokuya kuthinteka futhi abantu abaningi bayazivumelanisa nabanye kanti akunjalo. Ngabe konke lokhu kubathinta kanjani abantu baseLatin America?
Khuphuka emazingeni okushisa omhlaba jikelele
AmaLatinos angaphansi kweminyaka engama-30 baphila kwiplanethi ebilokhu ifudumala njalo selokhu bazalwa. Amazinga okushisa nyangazonke aqoshiwe kusukela ngo-1985 anyuka kuphela ngaphezu kwesilinganiso sanyanga zonke sangekhulu lama-XNUMX. Futhi ukuthi ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke sekuyagqama futhi kusondele ngenxa yemisebenzi yabantu kanye nokukhishwa okukhulu kwamagesi abamba ukushisa akhishelwa emoyeni nsuku zonke.
Njengoba izinyanga neminyaka ziqhubeka, igebe phakathi kwamazinga okushisa anyanga zonke aqoshwe ngekhulu lamashumi amabili nesilinganiso samanje siyalandela futhi sephula amarekhodi cishe inyanga nenyanga. Eqinisweni, u-2016 ube ngomunye weminyaka eshisa kunazo zonke kwirekhodi selokhu kuthathwe izilinganiso zokushisa kusukela ngo-1880.
Ukuzama ukunqanda le nkambiso yokwandisa amazinga okushisa aphakathi nangaphezulu, abantu baseLatin America basayine iSivumelwano SaseParis lapho kuzanywa khona ukuthi amazinga okushisa omhlaba angafiki ekukhuleni okungaphezulu kuka-1,5 degrees ngokwesilinganiso.
ILatin America izothola ukufudumala okukhulu komhlaba
Isivumelwano saseParis sizama ukunganyusi amazinga okushisa aphakathi nendawo, noma kunjalo, noma sizama ukuwagcina njengamanje noma siwanciphise kancane, kuzofanele bazijwayeze nesimo sezulu esisha imiphumela yabo esivele isitholile esifundeni sonke, ngokwanda ngo-0,87, Ama-degree angama-XNUMX kusuka kumhlaba jikelele obonwe ngoMeyi kulo nyaka.
Ngokusho kwe-United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), kusukela ngonyaka wezi-2014 lesi sifunda sike sabhekana nesomiso kulo lonke elaseCaribbean, Central America naseBolivia, okubangwa yimvula encane kanye nesimo se-El Niño. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye abantu abayizigidi ezingama-3,5 baphila ezimeni zokungavikeleki kokudla ngenxa yokulahleka kwezitshalo zabo.
Njengoba sazi, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kwandisa imvamisa namandla wezehlakalo zesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu, njengesomiso nezikhukhula. Kulokhu cishe, emasontweni amathathu nje kuphela iHaiti inani elilingana nengxenye yemvula yaminyaka yonke lehla ngo-Ephreli 2016. Lokhu kwabangela izikhukhula ezinzima futhi kwathinta imindeni engaphezu kwengu-9.000. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izikhukhula zabangela ukugqashuka komhlaba okwathinta abantu abangaphezu kuka-411.000 e-Argentina, e-Ecuador, eBolivia, eBrazil, eParaguay, ePeru nase-Uruguay.
Njengoba sikwazi ukubona, amaLatinos awabhekene nokushisa okushisa ngokuya ngokuya kuphela, kepha futhi abhekene nokuhlukumezeka ngesihluku esidalwa yimicimbi yezulu eyedlulele. Ukulahleka kwempahla, ukulinyazwa kwezitshalo, ukonakala komnotho kanye nokulahleka kwempilo, konke lokhu kudalwa wukuguquka kwesimo sezulu. Okubi kakhulu wukuthi kusenabantu emhlabeni njengoMengameli waseMelika uDonald Trump, abangakholelwa ukuthi ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kukhona nokuthi kungumqambi wamaShayina wokuthola ukuncintisana.
Kochwepheshe beBhange Lomhlaba, kuyacaca ukuthi iLatin America izoba ngesinye sezifunda ezithinteke kakhulu ngokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu, ikakhulukazi uma umhlaba wehluleka ukugcina ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke kungaphansi kwesilinganiso sama-2 degrees. Kumele kubhekwe nokuthi abantu ababalelwa ezigidini eziyi-14 bahlala ezindaweni ezisondele kumamitha ayi-5 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle futhi ngenxa yalokhu ukukhuphuka kolwandle, bangathinteka kwizikhukhula nokulahleka komhlaba namakhaya maduze.