Ama-glaciers emhlabeni wonke ayancibilika ngenxa yokushisa komhlaba. Njengamanje, isembozo seqhwa sase-Ecuador yehliswe ngama-54% kusukela ngo-1980, isuka ku-92 square km iye kumakhilomitha-skwele angama-43 amanje.
Uphenyo olwenziwe yi-Ecuadorian Bolívar Cáceres eQuito ngaphakathi kohlaka lomhlangano wochwepheshe be-Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) luveza imininingwane emangalisayo ngokuncibilika kwezinguzunga zeqhwa. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi kabanzi ngayo?
Ukuncishiswa kwekhava ye-Glacier
Ibhalansi ye-glacial e-Ecuador ilinganiswa ngale ndlela elandelayo. Kunezembozo zeqhwa eziyi-7 ezibekwe ezintabeni-mlilo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunezilimi eziyi-110 zeqhwa. Ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kunemiphumela engemihle ezindaweni ezahlukene eMhlabeni, okungukuthi, akuthinti zonke izindawo ngokulinganayo.
E-Ecuador, izimpawu zokudlula kokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu zingaphezu kokusobala lapho kubonakala ukuthi le ndawo ngeminyaka yama-80s yayinamakhilomitha-skwele angama-92 enguzunga yeqhwa, kanti njengamanje ingamakhilomitha-skwele angama-43 kuphela.
"Besine ukulahleka cishe kwamaphesenti angama-54 kukhava yeqhwa esikhathini esiyiminyaka engama-60. Kuyinkomba ecacile necacile yokuthi izinguzunga zeqhwa zisabela kanjani ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu ”, usho kanjalo, yize enikeza umkhawulo wokwehliswa kwenqubo yemvelo yokwakheka komhlaba etholwa izinguzunga zeqhwa ezintabeni," imisebenzi yabantu eye yashesha ".
Umhlangano we-IPCC
Ngokunaka isimo sokuncibilika okuseduze kwezinguzunga zeqhwa nomphumela wazo ekukhuphukeni kwezinga lolwandle emhlabeni wonke, Ochwepheshe be-IPCC abavela emazweni angaphezu kwama-30 emhlabeni jikelele Bahlangane enhlokodolobha yase-Ecuadorian ukuze babelane ngezifundo nocwaningo olwenziwe olwandle nase-cryosphere, njengezinkomba zokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
Lo mhlangano ubusungule ososayensi abayi-125 abavela kwi-IPCC futhi ababambiqhaza bebethula ucwaningo lwabo isonto lonke olwandle nasemkhathini. I-cryosphere yingxenye yomhlaba lapho amanzi asesimweni esiqinile njengeqhwa lolwandle noma izinguzunga zeqhwa, futhi okuyizinto ezibalulekile zemvelo zokuhlaziywa kwesimo sezulu nokuthi isintu sincike kuphi.
Inkinga yolwandle ne-cryosphere sekuyisisekelo ekuphenyweni okuningi emhlabeni wonke, ngenxa yokuthi kukhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kuthinta kanjani ngendlela engeyinhle.
Umbiko kulindeleke ukuba ushicilelwe ngo-Ephreli kulo nyaka futhi uzosiza ohulumeni ukuthi bathathe izinqumo lapho benza izinqubomgomo ezisuselwa kusayensi ezisiza ukwenza ngcono izinsiza ekubhekaneni nezimo ezidalwa wukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu.
Intuthuko esheshayo yokushisa komhlaba
I-American Ko Barret, iphini lomlawuli we-Research of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) kanye neminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu eyilungu elikhuthele le-IPCC ayengumphathi walo, ukuqinisekisile ukuthi ukufudumala komhlaba kuyinto ebonakalayo nokuthi okwamanje akusizi ngalutho ukukuphika .
“Impela kukhona ukufudumala, zonke izifundo ezikulolu chungechunge lweminyaka engamashumi amathathu edlule ziyakhombisa ukuqhubeka kancane kancane kokufudumala koMhlaba wonke”, Uphikisana nabanye ososayensi abathi kunezindawo lapho kwenzeka khona okuphambene nalokhu.
Izinkinga ezikhulunywe ngabo ososayensi mayelana nokushisa komhlaba zizama ukumboza ngangokunokwenzeka, kusukela esiqongweni sezintaba zeqhwa kuya ekujuleni kolwandle.
Ezinye zezifunda ezisengozini enkulu ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu, njengezindawo ezithile ze-Arctic nezindawo eziphakeme zezintaba, kumele zifundisiswe ngokujule kakhulu, ngoba ukuncipha kwezinguzunga zeqhwa kungaba yinkinga ngenxa yokwanda kolwandle isilinganiso somhlaba wonke. Lezi yizifunda emhlabeni wonke ezenza ushintsho olusobala olushintsha zonke izimo ezibonwe kuze kube yiminyaka engama-50 edlule.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, izinguzunga zeqhwa zase-Ecuador ziyancibilika ngesivinini futhi lokhu kuzoba nemiphumela emibi kungekudala.