ILanga ingenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu futhi ezithakazelisayo esimiso sonozungezilanga. Kuthinta cishe zonke izici zokuphila eMhlabeni, kusukela ekunikezeni amandla abalulekile kuya ekondleni imvelo. Nokho, kunezinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo ongase ungazazi ngelanga, kusukela emlandweni walo kuya endleleni elisebenza ngayo namuhla.
Ngakho-ke, kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ezinye ilukuluku ngeLanga okungenzeka ukuthi ubungalazi.
I-Curiosities of the Sun
ubudala belanga
ILanga lavela eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-4.600 edlule ngokunqwabelana kwegesi nothuli oluvela emizimbeni yasezulwini edlule. Abacwaningi kanye nezibalo basikisela ukuthi iseneminyaka engaba yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyisi-5.000 esele, okulingana neminyaka engama-35 nje uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi sokuphila koMhlaba. Ngakho-ke, singaphetha ngokuthi iLanga njengamanje lisesigabeni soshintsho somjikelezo walo wokuphila.
Amandla eliwakhiphayo
Ukukhishwa kwamandla eLanga ngomzuzwana owodwa kukholakala ukuthi adlula izidingo zamandla oMhlaba iminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi ezimbili. Lomthombo wamandla wamahhala, ongenamkhawulo uyisihluthulelo sekusasa lethu elisimeme.
Izinga lokushisa kwelanga nezingqimba zalo ezihlukene
Ngaphakathi kweLanga kunezingqimba eziningi, ngayinye yazo enezici namazinga okushisa ahlukene. Enhliziyweni yeLanga ungqimba lwalo lwangaphakathi, olwaziwa ngokuthi umnyombo. Ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo, Amazinga okushisa akhuphukela ku-15 million degrees Celsius (ºC) ngendlela emangalisayo., okudala isimo sokweqisa okungenakuqhathaniswa. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi kungaphakathi kwalesi sifunda lapho ukusabela okuphawulekayo kwezikhali zenuzi kwenzeka, okubangela amandla elanga angenamkhawulo alawula umhlaba wethu.
ILanga lakhiwe izingqimba ezimbalwa, eziqala ngomongo futhi zidlulele endaweni ekhipha imisebe kanye nendawo ehlanganayo. Njengoba sisuka kude nomgogodla, izinga lokushisa liyehla kancane kancane. Ngalé kwalezi zindawo sithola i-photosphere, okuyingxenye yokuqala ebonakalayo yeLanga Olunye ungqimba, olwaziwa ngokuthi i-chromosphere, lwakha ungqimba oluncane olusuka emaphethelweni angaphakathi e-photosphere luye onqenqemeni olungaphandle lweLanga.
Ungqimba lokugcina lweLanga, Eyaziwa ngokuthi i-corona, ihlanganisa indawo engaphandle yeLanga. Njenge-chromosphere, lolu ngqimba lubonakala lapho ukufiphala kwelanga okuphelele kwenzeka.
Isikhungo samandla adonsela phansi esimiso sonozungezilanga sihlala ilanga.
ILanga, elibekwe njengendawo okugxilwe kuyo, lisebenza njengehange lamandla adonsela phansi kuwo wonke amaplanethi esimisweni sethu sonozungezilanga. Lokhu kuzinza okubalulekile kuqinisekisa ukuthi amaplanethi awazulazuli ngokungenanjongo emkhathini omkhulu womkhathi.
uhlobo lwenkanyezi
Inkanyezi eyaziwa ngeSol iyingxenye yohlobo lwe-G2V spectral. Ihlukaniswa njengenkanyezi encane ephuzi, ngesisindo esiphakathi kuka-0,8 no-1,2 izikhathi zeLanga (Inkanyezi yohlobo lwe-G2), futhi ikhipha ukukhanya okuqhathaniswa nalokho kwelanga elivamile (inkanyezi yohlobo lwe-V).
Ububanzi boMhlaba busithwe yiLanga, elikhulu ngokuphindwe ka-100
ILanga, okuyilona bhizinisi elikhulu kunawo wonke ohlelweni lwethu sonozungezilanga, linobubanzi obungamakhilomitha ayizigidi ezingu-1,4. Ikakhulukazi, ihlanganyela ngokufana noMhlaba ngokuthi wakhiwe izakhi zamakhemikhali.
Yakhiwa ngokuyinhloko i-hydrogen ne-helium. Nokho, ngokungafani noMhlaba, ILanga libhekana nenqubo yomlilo endaweni enkulukazi, elikhiqiza amazinga okushisa akhuphukela ezigidini. Lo mzimba omkhulu wamagesi akhanyayo udlala indima ebalulekile ekukhanyiseni nasekufudumaleni iplanethi yethu, ngaleyo ndlela ukhuthaze izimo ezibalulekile ukuze ukuphila kuchume.
Ijubane ehamba ngalo
Enye yezinto ezihlaba umxhwele zeLanga ukunyakaza kwalo okungapheli, njengoba limatasa lilandela umkhondo oyisiyingi endaweni emaphakathi yomthala wethu i-Milky Way. Ijubane layo lifinyelela cishe kumakhilomitha angama-220 ngomzuzwana, ukuyivumela ukuthi ihlanganise ibanga elifanayo nokuhlukana koMhlaba neLanga ngezinsuku eziyi-7 kuphela. Ngokomongo, lokhu kusho ikhono elimangalisayo leLanga lokunqamula amabanga amade ngesikhathi esifushane uma kuqhathaniswa.
Ukwengeza, uhambo lokukhanya kwelanga ukusuka eLangeni ukuya eMhlabeni luthatha cishe imizuzu eyi-8. Lokhu kusho ukuthi yonke imisebe yokukhanya kwelanga efinyelela emhlabeni wethu iye yanqamula umkhathi omkhulu we-Milky Way isikhathi esiyimizuzu engu-8. Ngakho-ke, uma iLanga liphuma ngesikhathi esithile, ukungabikho kwalo bekungeke kubonakale kuze kube yimizuzu engu-8 kamuva.
Amandla adonsela phansi aphindwe izikhathi ezingama-28 kunawomhlaba
Ngesisindo salo esikhulukazi esakhiwe ngokuyinhloko i-hydrogen ne-helium, iLanga linamandla adonsela phansi adlula kude lawo oMhlaba. La mandla aqiniswa ukuminyana okuphawulekayo kweLanga, okuyinto Ijiya ngokuphindwe ka-1,4 kunamanzi. Ngenxa yalokho, ubukhulu beLanga bufinyezwa endaweni encane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa neplanethi yethu.
Ake ucabange ngesimo lapho ukugxuma okungenamsebenzi kuvame khona eMhlabeni, kodwa kuba inselele kakhulu eLangeni Kufana nokuboshelwa ngokuqinile phansi ngamandla amakhulu kazibuthe.
Akunakwenzeka ukuhlala phezu kweLanga
Izinga lokushisa lobuso beLanga, elifinyelela emazingeni adlulele, lakha isithiyo esikhulu esivimbela noma yimuphi umzamo wokuhlala kulo. Lokhu kushisa okunamandla kungaba yingozi kuzo zombili izinto nakubantu abazama ukuxhumana nendawo yayo.
Naphezu kokubonakala kwayo kwendilinga evuthayo, Izinga lokushisa langempela leLanga licishe libe ngu-5.500ºC. Lokhu kushisa okumangalisayo kuwumphumela wokuhlangana kwezikhali zenuzi okwenzeka ngaphakathi kwawo, lapho amazinga okushisa enyukela ezigidini zama-degree. Okumangazayo ukuthi ingaphakathi leLanga lishisa ngisho nangaphezu kokubonakala kwalo, okuchaza ukukhanya kwalo okukhazimulayo kanye nokuphuma kwalo kwemisebe.
Ikusasa lisekuhloleni amandla elanga
Naphezu kokubona kwethu ilanga isikhathi eside, luseluningi ulwazi esingaluthola ngalendikimba yasezulwini ekhanyisa futhi isekele ukuphila kwethu. Ngaphakathi kokujula kwayo okungaqondakali kulele izimfihlo ezingenakubalwa ezinamandla okulolonga ikusasa lethu.
Ukuhlola ilanga nokuqonda amandla alo kanye nokukhishwa kwemisebe kunamandla okuvula amathuba amasha okuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe belanga obubili obusebenzayo nobuzinzile. Ukuqhubeka ujula elangeni nokufunda ngezigigaba zalo ezihlukene kubalulekile ukuze siqhubekele ekusetshenzisweni ngempumelelo kwalo mthombo wamandla ovuselelekayo nongenamkhawulo.