Phakathi kwezintaba ezibaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni kukhona i- I-Aconcagua. Kuyaziwa nangokuthi igama likaCerro Aconcagua. Kuyintaba esesifundazweni esentshonalanga neMendoza, maphakathi nentshonalanga ye-Argentina. Imaka umngcele neChile futhi iyindawo ephakeme kakhulu etholakala engxenyeni esentshonalanga yomhlaba. Ukuba intaba ebaluleke kangako, abantu banayo ngaphakathi kwezigaba zeSikhombisa Summits lapho itholakala khona, isibonelo, i- Himalaya.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ngazo zonke izici zale ntaba edumile futhi siveze ezinye zezimfihlo zayo ezithakazelisa kakhulu.
Izici eziyinhloko
Sikhuluma ngesinye sezintaba eziphakeme ngokususelwa ekukhululekeni okuphezulu okubaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni. Lezi zintaba zinokuphakama okuphezulu kakhulu kulo lonke izwekazi laseMelika. Itholakala endaweni yase-Argentina. Ngaphakathi kohlelo lwezintaba ze-Andes, i-Aconcagua iyona enendawo ephakeme kakhulu. Ineziqongo ezimbili ezisendaweni eseningizimu nendawo esenyakatho. Lezi ziqongo ezimbili zenza umzila wokuhamba izintaba obabazekayo ngoba zixhunywe ngummango owaziwa ngeFilo de Guanaco.
Phezulu sithola inqwaba yamaqhwa eqhwa akhona unyaka wonke. Lezi zinguzunga zeqhwa yizo ezihlela ukwakheka kwezwe ukuze libe nobukhosi obungaphezulu kwezinkulungwane zeminyaka zemijikelezo yokubanda nokuncibilikisa.
I-Aconcagua inomsuka wentaba-mlilo, yize kungeyona intaba-mlilo. Uma kunjalo, ibingenakuba nezinguzunga zeqhwa ngenxa yokushisa okukhishwe ngoshimula wentaba-mlilo. Iningi lamatshe asendaweni eseziqwini zintaba-mlilo. Esinye sezici zayo ezisemqoka ukuthi izintaba eziyakha zincane kakhulu. Lezi zintaba zinezindawo eziphakeme kakhulu eziqongweni. Izinga eliphakeme kakhulu lokuphakama ngamamitha ayi-2500, ngakho-ke singathola zonke ezinye iziqongo eziphakeme kakhulu.
Ukwakheka kwe-Aconcagua
Sizohlaziya kancane inqubo i-Aconcagua eyakhiwe ngayo ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngayo. Ukwakheka kwayo kwenzeka lapho ingxenye enkulu yoqweqwe loMhlaba icwila ngaphansi kweSouth American Plate ngemuva kokushayisana. Izinqubo ezenzekile kuze kube yileso sikhathi I-orogenesis futhi imiqobolo yoqweqwe ibilokhu yakha ukukhululeka futhi yaveza izingxenye zalezi zintaba.
Ososayensi bacabanga ukuthi yakhiwa ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene lapho kwakukhona khona imicimbi eyayigqame kweminye futhi indawo yashintsha ngokugqamile. Isikhathi sokuqala sokwakheka kwe-Aconcagua siqala esikhathini seJurassic. Kulesi sikhathi, amadwala akha isisekelo sakho konke lokhu sedimentary. Kamuva, isikhathi lapho iba isakhiwo esihlangene kakhulu bekukwi Mesozoic. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukunyakaza kwama-tectonic kwamapuleti kwabangela lokho ukwakheka kwe-Aconcagua ngaphandle kokuhlangana kakhudlwana namatshe amadwala ayelungiswa.
Isigaba sokugcina sokwakhiwa senzeke ngenxa yokuqoqwa kwamadiphozithi eqhwa nezinto zokwakha ezikhukhulwe yimvula enamandla I-Cenozoic. Lezi zimvula kanye nalezi zitaki zidale ukwanda okukhulu ekuphakameni kwezintaba.
Njengoba inendawo ephakeme kakhulu, akunakuphikwa ukuthi iyindawo ephakeme kakhulu kuyo yonke iNtshonalanga Nenkabazwe. Lokhu kuphakama kuye kwaxoxwa ngakho kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX. Kubhalwe ukuthi inani eliphakeme kakhulu ngamamitha angama-6959. Kamuva, ngoJanuwari 2001, kwabikwa ukuthi ukuphakama kwesiqongo esiphakeme kakhulu kwakungamamitha angu-6962. Lesi sibalo sesibikwe kabanzi. Kodwa-ke, akukaze kwamukelwe ngokusemthethweni nguhulumeni wase-Argentina.
Isimo sezulu
Njengoba kunezinguzunga zeqhwa eziqongweni zalo, isimo sezulu siyabanda impela. Amazinga okushisa angama -30 degrees aqoshwe phezulu. Ukusuka kumamitha ayi-5000 ukuphakama, izinga lokushisa ngu -20 degrees. Kwabaningi bezintaba nabagibeli, izimo ezibandayo, iqhwa elisindayo nezinguquko ezingalindelekile zenza imizamo yazo yokufinyelela esicongweni esiphezulu. Ubusika abuyena umngani omuhle ukuhlala kulezi zindawo.
Umswakama kule ndawo untuleka kakhulu, kukhona i-oxygen encane futhi kunemimoya enamandla impela. Le mimoya idala izivunguvungu ezibalulekile lapho zenzeka khona izivunguvungu zikagesi ezesatshwa kakhulu yizakhamizi zakule ndawo. Iziphepho zingafika zithwelwe yiqhwa nemimoya enamandla, ngakho-ke impilo yalapho iyinkimbinkimbi. Okuvame kakhulu kule ndawo ukuthi ebusika, amazinga okushisa aweqi kuma-zero degrees.
Izimbali nezilwane
Mayelana nezimbali, iningi lezinhlobo ezihlala kulo selivele livumelane nokuhlala ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu. Izimo zezulu ziyinkinga, kepha zifunde ukuhlala kuzo. Izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo nazo kufanele zibhekane nemisebe yelanga eqondile kanye nemimoya enamandla. Kujwayelekile ukuthola ezinye izinhlobo ezifana ne-yareta, i-cockade, uphondo lwembuzi, izinkuni eziphuzi, njll. Ukuthi zivumelaniswe nalezi zindawo ezinzima.
Ngisho nezinye izinhlobo ze-cacti zingabonakala ehlobo ezindaweni ezinamathafa amaningi namakhambi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izilwane nazo kuye kwadingeka zivumelane kakhulu nezimo zemvelo ezikhona manje. Kukhona uhlaza oluncane, ukuntuleka kwamanzi, amazinga okushisa aphansi ngokwedlulele, umoya-mpilo omncane nemimoya enamandla kakhulu. Phakathi kwezinhlobo eziguquguqukayo nezijwayelekile kulezi zindawo sine-condor, i-cinderella sleeper kanye ne-collared squat. Kukhona namanye amagundane afana negundane lase-Andes, i-guanaco ne-chinchillón. Ezincelisayo sine-puma nempungushe ebomvu.
Ukubaluleka kwe-Aconcagua akukhona nje kuphela ngenxa yalokho ekumelelayo ezingeni lezintaba eziphakeme kanye nenani lezimbali nezilwane. Luhlelo lwama-biomes oluhlanganisile olwenza lube nenani elihle lezimbali nezilwane yize kunezimo ezingezinhle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingumthombo obalulekile wemali engenayo ngenxa yenani lezivakashi ezihambela izintaba.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi uzofunda kabanzi nge-Aconcagua.