Enye yezinto ezothusa abantu kukufiphala kwelanga. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaninzi abazi yintoni ukusithwa kwelanga yinyanga. Ukusithwa kwelanga yinyanga yinto yeenkwenkwezi. Xa umhlaba ugqitha ngokuthe ngqo phakathi kwenyanga nelanga, isithunzi somhlaba esibangelwe kukukhanya kwelanga sichazelwa enyangeni. Ukwenza oku, izidumbu ezintathu zasezulwini mazibe ngaphakathi okanye kufutshane ne "Sicigia". Oku kuthetha ukuba zenza umgca othe ngqo. Uhlobo kunye nobude bokusithwa kwelanga yinyanga kuxhomekeke kubume benyanga xa kuthelekiswa ne-orbital node yayo, apho kulapho ukujikeleza kwenyanga kunqumla inqwelomoya yokujikeleza kwelanga.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela ukuba yintoni ukusithwa kwenyanga, yintoni iimpawu zayo kwaye yintoni imvelaphi yayo.
Yintoni ukusithwa kwenyanga
Ukwazi iintlobo zokusithwa kwelanga yinyanga, kufuneka siqale siqonde izithunzi eziveliswa ngumhlaba phantsi kwelanga. Inkulu inkwenkwezi yethu, iya kuvelisa iintlobo ezimbini zezithunzi: enye yimilo emnyama yecone ebizwa ngokuba yi-umbra, eyinxalenye apho ukukhanya kuthintelwe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ipenumbra yinxalenye apho kuphela ukukhanya kukhanya kuvaliwe. . Kukho ukusithwa kwelanga kabini ukuya kwesihlanu ngonyaka.
Ekusithekeni kwelanga kwawona la mazwe mathathu asezulwini angenelela, kodwa umahluko phakathi kwawo ulele kwindawo nganye esezulwini. Ekusithekeni kwenyanga, umhlaba ubekwe phakathi kwenyanga nelanga, ubeka isithunzi enyangeni, ngelixa ukusithwa kwelanga, inyanga ibekwe phakathi kwelanga nomhlaba, iphosa isithunzi sayo kwinxalenye encinci yale yokugqibela .
Umntu unokubona ukusithwa kwelanga yinyanga kuwo nawuphi na umhlaba, kwaye Iisathelayithi zinokubonwa elundini phezulu nasebusuku, ngelixesha lokusithwa kwelanga yinyanga, zinokubonwa ngokufutshane kwiindawo ezithile zomhlaba.
Omnye umahluko ngokusithwa kwelanga yinyanga kukuba iyonke inyanga yigqithileumyinge wemizuzu engama-30 ukuya kweyure, kodwa kunokuthatha iiyure ezininzi. Esi sisiphumo nje somhlaba omkhulu xa kuthelekiswa nenyanga encinci. Ngokuchasene noko, ilanga likhulu kakhulu kunomhlaba nenyanga, nto leyo eyenza ukuba lo mcimbi uhlale ixesha elifutshane.
Imvelaphi yokusithwa kwenyanga
Kubakho ukusithwa kwelanga inyanga yesi-2 ukuya kwesi-7 minyaka le. Ngokokuma kwenyanga ngokubhekisele kwisithunzi somhlaba, Zintathu iintlobo zokusithwa kwelanga yinyanga. Nangona zihlala zikhona kunokusithwa kwelanga, azenzeki ngalo lonke ixesha inyanga iphelele ngenxa yezi meko zilandelayo:
Inyanga kufuneka ibe yinyanga epheleleyo, oko kukuthi, inyanga epheleleyo. Ngamanye amagama, xa kuthelekiswa nelanga, lisemva ngokupheleleyo komhlaba. Umhlaba kufuneka ubekhona ngokwenyama phakathi kwelanga nenyanga ukuze zonke izidalwa zasezulwini zikwindiza enye ejikelezayo ngaxeshanye, okanye zisondele kakhulu kuyo. Esi sesona sizathu siphambili sokuba zingabikho rhoqo ngenyanga, kuba ukujikeleza kwenyanga kuthambile malunga ne-5 degrees ukusuka kwi-ecliptic. Inyanga kufuneka idlule ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokungaphelelanga kwisithunzi somhlaba.
Iindidi zokusithwa kwelanga yinyanga
Ukusithwa kwelanga yinyanga iyonke
Oku kwenzeka xa inyanga iphela idlula emthunzini womhlaba. Ngamanye amagama, inyanga ingena ngokupheleleyo kwikona ye-umbra. Kuphuhliso kunye nenkqubo yolu hlobo lokusithwa kwelanga, inyanga ihamba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo lokufiphala kwelanga: i-penumbra, i-eclipse eyinxalenye, ukusithwa kwelanga ngokupheleleyo, inxenye kunye ne-penumbra.
Ukufiphala kwenyanga ngokuyinxenye
Kule meko, yinxalenye yenyanga kuphela engena embundwini womthunzi womhlaba, ke elinye icala likwindawo emnyama.
Ukutshona kwelanga
Inyanga idlula kuphela kwindawo yongcwalazi. Olu lolona hlobo kunzima ukulubona ngenxa yokuba izithunzi ezikwinyanga zilula kakhulu kwaye ngokuchanekileyo ngenxa yokuba ipenumbra sisithunzi esisasazekayo. Yintoni egqithisile, ukuba inyanga iphelele kwindawo yokuhlwa, ithathwa njengesixa esipheleleyo sokuhlwa kwelanga; Ukuba icandelo lenyanga likwindawo ekurhatyela kuyo kwaye elinye icala alinasithunzi, kuthathwa njengokufiphala kwelanga ngokusa.
Amanqanaba
Ekufiphaleni ngokupheleleyo kwenyanga, uthotho lwezigaba lunokubonwa ngokudibana kwenyanga nendawo nganye enomthunzi.
- Ukufiphala kwenyanga kuyaqala. Inyanga inxibelelana ngaphandle kwe-penumbra, oko kuthetha ukuba ukusukela ngoku, elinye icala liphakathi kwe-penumbra kwaye elinye icala lingaphandle.
- Ukuqala kokusitheka kwelanga ngokuyinxenye. Ngokwenkcazo, ukusithwa kwelanga inxenye kuthetha ukuba inxenye yenyanga ibekwe kumda wokungena kwaye elinye icala likwindawo emnyama, ngoko ke xa ichukumisa umda womqobo, ukusithwa kwelanga kuqala ngokuyinxenye.
- Ukufiphala kwelanga ngokupheleleyo kuyaqala. Inyanga ingaphakathi ngokupheleleyo kommandla obambeleyo.
- Elona xabiso liphezulu. Eli nqanaba lenzeka xa inyanga isisembindini.
- Ukuphela kwelanga kuphelile. Emva kokudibana kwakhona nelinye icala lobumnyama, iyonke iyaphela, ukusithwa kwelanga ngokuyinxenye kuqala kwakhona, kwaye iyaphela iyonke.
- Ukuphela kwelanga kuphelile. Inyanga ishiya ngokupheleleyo umda womda kwaye ime ngorhatya, ebonisa ukuphela kokusithwa kwelanga okwethutyana kunye nokuqala kobusuku kwakhona.
- Ukuphela kokusithwa kwelanga yinyanga. Inyanga iphumile ngokupheleleyo ngongcwalazi, ebonisa ukuphela kwongcwalazi nokusithwa kwelanga yinyanga.
Imbali ethile
Ekuqaleni kuka-1504, uChristopher Columbus wahamba ngesikhephe isihlandlo sesibini. Yena kunye neqela lakhe babesemantla eJamaica, kwaye abahlali baqala ukubathandabuza, benqaba ukuqhubeka nokwabelana nabo ngokutya, kubangela iingxaki ezinzulu kuColumbus nakubantu bakhe.
UColumbus wafunda kwiphepha lezenzululwazi ngelo xesha elibandakanya umjikelo wenyanga wokuba ukusithwa kwelanga kungekudala kuza kwenzeka kule ndawo, kwaye wathatha eli thuba. Ngobusuku bukaFebruwari 29, 1504 wayefuna ukubonisa ukongama kwakhe kwaye woyikisela ukuba inyanga inyamalale. Xa abantu basekuhlaleni bembona evumela ukuba inyanga inyamalale, bamcenga ukuba ayibuyisele kwimeko yayo. Kuyabonakala ukuba yenze njalo kwiiyure ezimbalwa emva kokuphela kwenyanga.
Ngale ndlela, uColumbus wakwazi ukwenza ukuba abahlali babelane ngokutya kwabo.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga nokuba yintoni ukusithwa kwenyanga kunye neempawu zayo.