Ngenxa yokufudumala kwehlabathi kunye nokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu, uLwandle Olufileyo luye lwatshintsha kakhulu kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje. Ngo-1983 kwavulwa i-spa kuLwandle oluFileyo apho iindwendwe zazinokushiya isakhiwo kwaye zifike emanzini ngeenyawo. Namhlanje umfanekiso wahlukile. Ukuze ukwazi ukuphuma kwi-spa uye emanzini, kuye kwafuneka bafake uloliwe othabatha umkhondo weekhilomitha ezimbini ukuya echibini.
Ngaba uLwandle Olufileyo lunokuhlangulwa kwiziphumo ezibi zokutshintsha kwemozulu?
Ulwandle olufileyo
ULwandle oluFileyo yeyona ndawo inzulu emhlabeni (hayi olwandle) -iimitha ezingama-430 ngaphantsi komphakamo wolwandle- kodwa umthamo wamanzi uyaqhubeka ukwehla. Umda weJordani ngasempuma kunye no-Israyeli kunye ne-West Bank ngasentshona, ulwandle ngokwenyani lulu lwandle. Amanqanaba amanzi ahlala ehla enyuka. Imbali ithi ide yaya kungena nzulu malunga neminyaka engama-10.000 XNUMX eyadlulayo. Kodwa ngoku, amaqondo obushushu ehlabathi anyukile, ngelixa imbalela namanzi zehla ngomlinganiselo okhulayo.
ULwandle Olufileyo lunezinto ezahlukeneyo eziphilayo ezixhasayo kwaye esele zinengxaki yeempembelelo zamanzi (ezincipha ngemitha enye ngonyaka). Izendalo kunye nososayensi baxhalabile kukuba eli chibi linganyamalala ngokupheleleyo ukuba akukho nto yenziweyo ukuthintela oku ukuba kuqhubeke. Nangona ziibhaktiriya kuphela ezinokuphila kumgangatho wetyuwa kuLwandle Olufileyo, eli chibi lixhasa izilwanyana zasendle ezikungqongileyo.
Izityalo nezilwanyana ezigcina eli chibi
Ithathelwa ingqalelo njengommangaliso wendalo, eli chibi libizwa ngegama lokuba ziintsholongwane kunye nezinto ezithile ezingunda kuphela ezinokuhlala kulo, kuba amanzi alo iphantse iphindwe kalishumi ityuwa ngaphezu kolwandle oluqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ubuninzi bezityalo nezilwanyana, kubandakanya izilwanyana ezanyisayo ezifana nebhokhwe yasezintabeni nengwe, zixhomekeke kwii-oases, ezingqonge eli chibi.
Uphando kunye nezendalo zilumkisa ukuba njengoko amanqanaba olwandle eqhubeka ukwehla, iindawo ezomileyo ezomileyo kunye neemeko ziya kuba nefuthe kubuninzi beentaka ezifudukayo, ezimisa apho unyaka nonyaka ukuze zixhamle kwimozulu epholileyo.
Ngubani unobangela wale ntlekele?
Sijonge ukonakaliswa komgangatho nobungakanani bamanzi oLwandle Olufileyo, kodwa ngubani unobangela wayo yonke le nto? Iingcali ziyangqina ukuba utshintsho lwemozulu ludlala indima ebalulekileyo, kuba ngokwanda kwamaqondo obushushu ehlabathi, izinga lonyuka kolophu lenyuka kwaye imbalela iyanda. Nangona kunjalo, ukutshintsha kwemozulu ayingoyena nobangela woku. Yimisebenzi yabantu.
Ngokungabinayo idatha ecace gca malunga nokuba utshintsho lwemozulu luyichaphazela njani inqanaba lonyuka kolophu kunye nolawulo lwemvula, kuyacaca ukuba umahluko Eyona nto ichaphazeleka kukuhla kwamanqanaba olwandle kukusetyenziswa kwamanzi okusela kwa-Israyeli, Jordan naseSyria.
IJordani ebikade inamandla yeyona mlambo uphambili unikezela le ndawo kunye noLwandle Olufileyo. Kwimvelaphi yayo yenye yeendlela ezinkulu zamanzi zehlabathi, kwaye kubalulekile kwimida ekuMbindi Mpuma. Nangona kunjalo, amadama amakhulu, imibhobho kunye nezikhululo zokumpompa ezakhelwe ukujika amanzi okusela ziye zanciphisa umlambo waba ngumjelo kwiindawo. Kwizigidi ezi-1,3 zezigidi zeekyubikhi iJordani zihamba zisiya kuLwandle oluFileyo, yi-5% kuphela efikelela echibini.
Ingxaki yamanzi kuMbindi Mpuma
Ngokukodwa eJordani, yenye yeendawo ezomileyo kwiplanethi, ukufikelela kumanzi acocekileyo sesinye sezizathu eziphambili zongquzulwano. ULwandle Olufileyo luhlawulela ukunqongophala kwamanzi kulo mmandla. Ukongeza, abantu abahlala kweli chibi baziva nefuthe lezoqoqosho kuLwandle oluFileyo. Iinkampani ezininzi ezikule ndawo zixhomekeke ngqo kuyo, ngenxa yobutyebi bayo kwizimbiwa, kunye nangenxa yokulunga kwayo okubalaseleyo.
Amashishini akhupha neeminerali echibini kwaye kuya kusiba nzima ukwenza ishishini. Isisombululo kule ngxaki inokuba sesokwakha umjelo ohambisa amanzi ukusuka kuLwandle oluBomvu ukuya kuLwandle oluFileyo, ngale ndlela ukwehla kwamanqanaba kungamiswa.