Inxalenye esemantla yoLwandle lwase China lwase Mpuma yaziwa njenge ulwandle olutyheli. Ulwandle olubanzi oluhlala kwindawo emalunga ne-417 km². Ime phakathi kwelizwekazi lase China nakwingasiqithi waseKorea. Igama livela kumasuntswana esanti anika amanzi umbala ofana kakhulu nomthubi. Ngumlambo omthubi ophethe ukondla olu lwandle kwaye ulunike lo mbala. Umlambo otyheli waziwa ngokuba yiHuang yena. Kuyaziwa ekuhlaleni, eMzantsi Korea, njengoLwandle lwaseNtshona.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela ngazo zonke iimpawu, ukubunjwa kunye nemvelaphi yoLwandle oluMthubi kunye nomlambo walo.
Iimpawu eziphambili
ULwandle oluMthubi lulwandle olunzulu ngokungenasiphelo olunalo kuphela ubuninzi beemitha ezili-105. Inebheyi enkulu eyenza emazantsi olwandle kwaye ibizwa ngokuba luLwandle iBohai. Eli bhayi kulapho uMlambo oMthubi uphelela khona. Umlambo omthubi ngowona mthombo wamanzi olwandle. Lo mlambo waphalala emva kokuwela iphondo laseShandong kunye nekomkhulu lawo, iJinan, kunye noMlambo iHai owela iBeijing neTianjin.
Igama lolu lwandle aluphumi emlanjeni, kodwa kubungakanani beetoni zesanti ezirhuqayo ziye emanzini kwaye zilunike umbala othile. Esi sizathu sokuba inegama loLwandle oluMthubi. Lulwandle olutyebile ulwelwe lwaselwandle, ii-cephalopods kunye nee-crustaceans. Ngokuyintloko sinokufumana iintlobo ze-algae kwiqela eliluhlaza-luhlaza oluvela ikakhulu ngexesha lasehlotyeni kwaye likwa negalelo kumbala wamanzi. Ukuba nzulu kakhulu, umbala we-algae yayo umisela umbala oya kuba nawo kumbono ngokubanzi.
Ioyile kuLwandle oluMthubi
Ngo-2007 kwabakho ukufunyanwa kweZiko lase China le-Oyile neGesi, i-CNPC. Kwaye ukuba ibala leoyile elibaluleke kakhulu elimalunga neebhiliyoni zeetoni lafunyanwa. Oku kufunyanwa kufumaneka elunxwemeni nakwithala lelizwekazi loLwandle oluMthubi. Ime kwiphondo laseHebei kwaye inendawo leyo ifikelela kwi-1570 yeekhilomitha. Isibini kwisithathu sayo yonke le mali yeoyile ibekwe kwiqonga lonxweme.
Iintlobo zezilwanyana nezityalo ziyanda njengoko sisondela emazantsi olwandle. Kulapho sifumana khona inani leentlanzi ezinkulu. Kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, iNorth Korea ibisenza izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zenyukliya kunxweme loLwandle oluMthubi. Ngesi sizathu, iye yanikwa isohlwayo yi-UN, nangona ingakhange ibonakale ingenamsebenzi kweli lizwe lobukomanisi.
Eyona nto iphambili kuLwandle oluMthubi
Siyazi ukuba olu lwandle londliwa nguMlambo oMthubi. Ngumzimba omde ngokwaneleyo wamanzi amatsha ahlala ethathelwa ingqalelo njengempucuko yaseTshayina. Ngowona mlambo wesibini mde kuyo yonke iChina, ungowona mlambo wesithathu mde e-Asia kwaye ungowesithandathu ubude emhlabeni wonke. Iyaziwa ngeli gama ngesixa sentlenga esasihambisa kuLwandle oluMthubi kwaye siyinika lo mbala.
Qhagamshela ezintabeni zeBayan Har kwithafa leTibet ekuphakameni ukuya kuthi ga kwi-4.800 yeemitha. Ihamba ngokungaqhelekanga kwicala lasempuma kumaphondo ali-9 amaTshayina ide iye kungena kuLwandle oluMthubi. Kule ndawo ivelisa i-delta yesayizi enkulu eyenza ukuba yaziwe kakuhle.
Ubude bomlambo ziikhilomitha ezingama-5,464, kwaye isitya sawo sehydrographic sihlala kwindawo emalunga ne-750,000-752,000 km2. Ihlala ikhuphela ukungena elwandle nge-2.571, XNUMX cubic kilometres ngomzuzwana. Sinjalo ke isitya sayo sokuhambisa amanzi, esingowesithathu ngobukhulu e-China. Imilambo emifutshane emininzi inegalelo emanzini kulo mlambo rhoqo. Ukuba sihlalutya yonke ikhosi, siyabona ukuba inamacandelo ama-3: ikhosi ephezulu, ikhosi ephakathi kunye nekhosi esezantsi.
Inxalenye yokuqala yekhosi yayo iqala ezintabeni ukuya kwiTogtoh County, ngaphaya kweekhilomitha ezingama-3,400 XNUMX. Kulapha apho ithambeka lalo lithe chatha kwaye apho kuqala khona ukuzalwa. Ikhosi ekumgangatho ophakathi ibaleka isiya kwiZhengzhou kwiphondo laseHenan. Kule candelo apho okwangoku kuthatha ngaphezu kweepesenti ezingama-90 ze-sediment. Iingxowa zintsalela yesanti kunye nelitye elihanjiswayo kwaye lihanjiswa ngokulungiswa kunye nokuhamba kunye nokuchithwa. Okokugqibela, ikhosi esezantsi iqala ukusuka eZhengzhou kwaye iphelela elwandle. Sele kule ndawo yolwandle apho kulayishwe elona nani likhulu lentlenge.
Uqeqesho kunye nendalo
Umlambo ufumana umbala omthubi ngombala njengoko uqukuqela kwinkampani yeetoni zamasuntswana aqinileyo analo mbala. Inxalenye yomhlaba wethafa laseTibetan apho umlambo uqala ukunyuka khona sesichengeni sokukhukuliseka sisenzo somoya kwaye yonke isanti entle ihlanjwa emlanjeni. Ukuba umlambo ulayishwe ngamasuntswana analo mbala, bayathuthwa kwaye i-sedimentary iphelela kuLwandle oluMthubi.
Umfula awutyebanga kakhulu kwizinto eziphilayo, ngenxa yoko ulwandle alutyebanga kakhulu. Ulwandle, ekubeni nzulu kangaka, akakwazi ukugcina isixa esikhulu flora kunye nezilwanyana. Ezinye zezona zilwanyana zaziwayo yiYangtze spoonbill kunye nezinye iintlobo zekhaphethi. Kuqikelelwa ukuba xa bebonke banokufunyanwa malunga ne-150 yeentlanzi kodwa inani lincinci kakhulu namhlanje. Esityeni kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana ezifana nezingwe kunye nexhama.
Phakathi kweentaka ezaziwa kakhulu sine-Great Bustard, i-Chinese Serreta kunye ne-European Eagle. Umlambo usetyenziselwa ukuvelisa amandla ombane kwaye wenze eli candelo liphumelele. Kukwanjalo nangezolimo zasemanzini kunye nokufuya iintlanzi kunye nezinye izilwanyana zaselwandle. Yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kuqoqosho ngaphandle kokutsalwa kweoyile.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga noLwandle oluMthubi kunye neempawu zalo.