El ulwandle lwegalilie Kuyaziwa kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi njengolwandle, kodwa kweminye imimandla yaziwa njengechibi. Kwaye ingumbono ngakumbi ngokuhambelana neempawu njengoko siza kubona kweli nqaku. Iyaziwa eMpuma Mpuma njengeLake Tiberiades okanye iLake Generaset. Eli chibi lamanzi amatsha elibekwe kubude obuziimitha ezingama-209 ngaphantsi komphakamo wolwandle kwaye lineempawu ezizodwa.
Ke ngoko, siza kunikezela eli nqaku ukuba likuxelele yonke into ekufuneka uyazi malunga neempawu, ukwakheka kunye nemvelaphi yoLwandle lwaseGalili.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Eichibi lamanzi amnandi i-209 yeemitha ngaphantsi komphakamo wolwandle, emi kumntla mpuma wakwaSirayeli, emantla weNtlambo iYordan kunxweme lwesixeko saseTibheriya. Isitya sayo siquka imimandla yakwaSirayeli, iSyria neLebhanon. AmaKristu awuthatha njengomboniso ovela kwiindinyana ezahlukeneyo eBhayibhileni, kubandakanya noYesu ehamba phezu kwamanzi.
Ulwandle lwaseGalili lelona chibi lamanzi acocekileyo kwaSirayeli. Indawo imalunga neekhilomitha ezili-164-166 zeekhilomitha, ubude ziikhilomitha ezingama-20-21, Olona lubanzi lubanzi ziikhilomitha ezili-12 ukuya kweli-13 kwaye umthamo ziikhilomitha ezi-4 zesikwere. Indawo yayo enzulu ibekwe kumantla mpuma, i-44-48 yeemitha, ngobunzulu obuphakathi kweemitha ezingama-25,6-26. Inikwa yimithombo engaphantsi komhlaba kwaye ikakhulu nguMlambo iJordani. Umlambo udlula echibini kwaye uqhubeka emazantsi malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-39. Amanye amaqula amancinci, anjengemilambo yeGolan kunye neeboulevards, ahambisa amanzi awo kwiinduli zaseGalili.
Indawo yolwandle ihlala ishushu ehlotyeni kwaye inobushushu ebusika, ngamaqondo obushushu aphakathi kwe-14ºC. Ezinye zeendawo ezibalulekileyo zembali nezenkolo zigcinwa kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni, ezinjengeKapernahum eBhayibhileni.
Ukwakhiwa koLwandle lwaseGalili
Ulwandle lwaseGalili lwenziwa yinkqubo yeetectonic. Intili apho ikhoyo yimveliso yokwahlulwa kwamacwecwe ama-Arabhu nawaseAfrika kunye nokwandiswa kolwandle. Uxinzelelo olwenziwe ekupheleni kwePliocene, kwaye kamva ulwandle kunye nenani elincinci lamanzi elihlala kwindawo yalo. Ke ngoko, uLwandle lwaseGalili noLwandle oluFileyo zizandiso zoLwandle oluBomvu iRift Valley.
Inqaku elinomdla kukuba uMhlaba wafumana ixesha elinamanzi ngexesha leQuaternary, emva koko uLwandle oluFileyo, okwangoku emazantsi oLwandle lwaseGalili, lwanda lwaza lwasasazeka lwada lwafikelela kulo, kodwa amanzi aqala ukwehla kangangeminyaka engama-20.000 XNUMX. .
Iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo
Imozulu entle kunye namanzi aneleyo enza umhlaba ochumileyo, othanda ukukhula kwezityalo ezahlukeneyo. Ukulinywa kwemihla, iibhanana, iitrasi kunye nemifuno bekuchuma kangangeenkulungwane, kwaye iingcongolo kwimimandla eselunxwemeni aziqhelekanga. Amanzi adityaniswa zi-zooplankton kunye neecustaceans zasemanzini kunye nezomhlaba ezisemhlabeni (njengoko Potamon potam), iimollusks (njenge Isiphelo sendlela y UFalsipygula Barroisi), i-microalgae kunye nentlanzi (njenge UTristramella simonis, I-Tristramella sacra, Acanthobrama terraesanctae, Usapho lakwaDamsel, iSilurus). usapho kunye nekatfish), iintente kunye nodidi lwe-tilapia (Tilapiini), eyaziwa njenge San Pedro. Ezinye iintlanzi zihlobene kakhulu nezinye iintlanzi ezihlala kumachibi aseAfrika.
Kude kube phakathi kwinkulungwane yama-XNUMX, i-European otter (ILutra lutra) yayisisilwanyana esanyisayo esasindwendwela amanzi eGalili.
Izisongelo ezivela kuLwandle lwaseGalili
Ukuloba yinto eyisiseko yoqoqosho kuLwandle lwaseGalili ukusukela kumaxesha amandulo. Nangona kunjalo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba isixeko samandulo esihambelana nembali yobuKristu sakhiwe macala onke, ukhenketho luphuhlile. Namhlanje, yindawo ethandwayo onokuchitha kuyo iiholide zakho kwelinye lolwandle. Ewe imisebenzi yabantu inefuthe kwimpilo yendalo.
Kwiminyaka eyomileyo, inqanaba lamanzi liyehla kakhulu, okuxhalabisa i-ecology, kuba ulwandle lubonelela ngamanzi okusela kubemi bakwa-Israeli kwaye, njengoko abantu bekhula, ibango lalo liyanda. Abantu baxhalabile kukuba amanzi aza kujika abe mtyuba kuba kukho imithombo yamanzi etyuwa ngaphantsi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iintlobo I-Tristramella sacral khange ibonwe ukusukela ii-1990s, ke eneneni kuthathwa njengokutshabalala.
Imbali kunye nexabiso lenkcubeko
Iincwadi zevangeli zamaKristu zithi uYesu wenza inxalenye yobulungiseleli bakhe kunye nemimangaliso ethile elunxwemeni lolwandle olunzulu. Abahlali abangamaJuda basungula ibibbutz yokuqala ekufuphi. Kwiziprofeto ezithile zamaSilamsi kuyabonakala ukuba eminye imithombo iphantsi komhlaba ingena echibini, kodwa uninzi lwamanzi luvela kuMlambo iJordani, ophuma eLebhanon emantla aye kwaSirayeli kunye noMlambo iYordan emazantsi.
Ulwandle lwaseGalili (ngamanye amaxesha lubizwa ngokuba yiLake Tiberias okanye iLake Kinneret) luphakathi kweJordani Rift Valley, uxinzelelo oluncinci oluqale ukubakho xa iArabia Plate yohlukana neAfrika amashumi ezigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo. Iintlambo ezininzi ezinamanzi ajikeleze eli chibi nasemazantsi Zijikwe zayindawo yeefama, zibonisa umbala oluhlaza oqaqambileyo.
ULwandle lwaseGalili kudala lwaluyindawo eyaziwayo yokuhambela abahambi ngezonqulo. Nangona kunjalo, kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje, imeko yeli chibi iye yaethe-ethe ngakumbi. Kule minyaka ingamashumi amabini idlulileyo, inqanaba lamanzi lehle kakhulu, lafikelela kwelona nqanaba liphantsi kwimbali ngo-2018. Amanzi amancinci enza ukuba eli chibi linetyuwa, isenza ukuba singasebenzi njengomthombo wamanzi okusela. Olu tshintsho lusongela iintlanzi kwaye lukhuthaza iingxaki ze-algae blooms.
Ukuqonda amanqanaba okuwa kwamanzi kunye nokufumana iindlela zokuzigcina zizinzile ngumba wophando oluninzi kuloo ndawo. Izizathu ze Ukuncipha kubandakanya ukungabikho kwemvula, ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwiindawo eziphezulu zeLebhanon, amaqondo obushushu aphezulu (awonyusa ukonyuka kolophu) nokwandiswa kweefama kunye neendawo zokunkcenkceshela ezingqonge ichibi.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga noLwandle lwaseGalili kunye neempawu zalo.