Kwicandelo lasentshona laselwandle le- ulwandle lasemediterranean sifumana ulwandle oluyikhaya kwiintlobo ezininzi zezinto eziphilayo. Imalunga nayo ulwandle lwealboran. Imida yolu lwandle iphawulwe emantla ngoNxweme lweAndalusi, emazantsi kunxweme lweMeditera iMorocco, entshona ngeStrait yaseGibraltar nasempuma ngomgca wentelekelelo obaleka usuka eCabo de Gata usiya eCabo Fegalo eAlgeria. Lulwandle oluncinci kodwa lubaluleke kakhulu.
Ke ngoko, siza kunikezela eli nqaku ukukuxelela zonke iimpawu, i-geology ebalulekileyo yoLwandle lwaseAlboran.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Luhlobo lolwandle lukabani ubuninzi bobude bumalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-350. Ububanzi bayo bungaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi malunga neekhilomitha ezili-180, nangona kuncitshiswe kakhulu njengoko sifika ngasentshona apho kubizwa khona ngokuba yiArco de Gibraltar. Oku kuthetha ukuba umndilili wobunzulu obupheleleyo obunokufunyanwa kolu lwandle lumalunga neemitha ezili-1.000 XNUMX. Indawo enzulu ukusuka kwiimitha ezingama-2.200, ukubamba inani elikhulu leentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana zaselwandle.
Ukuba sibala zonke iindawo eziselunxwemeni ezonakalisa uLwandle lwaseAlboran sifumana iSpain, iUnited Kingdom, iMorocco neAlgeria. Kolu lwandle sifumana imisinga eyahlukileyo kule nxalenye yeMeditera kwaye bomelele ngakumbi ngenxa yokuhlangana namanzi anamaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo. Indawo apho le misinga idibana khona ikwiindawo ezivela kwiAtlantic nakwiStraits. Siyazi ukuba imijelo yomphezulu wolwandle iAlboran bayabanda kwaye banendlela yokuhamba ngasempuma. Kwelinye icala, ukuba sihlalutya imisinga engaphantsi kwamanzi, siyabona ukuba iqukuqela liye kwelinye icala. Oku kubangela ukuhamba kwamanzi angaphantsi kwamanzi ukuhambisa amanzi ashushu kunye netyuwa kwiMeditera esiya eAtlantic.
Imalunga neekhilomitha ezili-180 ububanzi kwicala elingasemantla-mzantsi, Ngelixa ubude kwicala lasempuma-ntshona ukusuka malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-350.
Iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo kuLwandle lwaseAlboran
Enkosi ngokudibana okukhoyo phakathi kwamaza ohlukeneyo olwandle kwiMeditera yeAtlantic, iAlboran Sea inezinto ezahlukeneyo ezahlukeneyo kunye neendawo eziphilayo. Ezi ecosystem kunye neentlobo zezinto eziphilayo zinxulunyaniswe neemeko ezikhethekileyo zolwandle ezenzeka kulo mmandla. Enkosi kukwahluka okumangalisayo kwendalo yolwandle, Unokubona ukwakheka kwentaba-mlilo kunye neecyanons zangaphantsi kwamanzi.
Unobangela wobukho benzululwazi enkulu yolwandle kukuba yinto eyimfuneko kuzo zonke izilwanyana ezinendlela yobomi yokufuduka. Ukusuka apha sifumana inani elikhulu leentlobo zeecetaceans, iintaka, iifudo zaselwandle kunye nezinye iintlobo zeplanktonic. Uninzi lwezi ntlobo lincinci okanye lincinci kakhulu ngobukhulu kwaye ziqhutywa yimisinga njengenxalenye yomjikelo wobomi. Ngombulelo kubukho beplankton enkulu kumphezulu wenxalenye yemilambo, sinezinto ezifanelekileyo zokufumana izondlo eziyimfuneko njengesiseko senethiwekhi yetrophic.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokuhamba kwexesha kunye nokuvela kwezinto zoqoqosho lomntu, obu butyebi bendalo busongelwa ngabantu. Kwaye kukho umthamo obalulekileyo wezothutho lolwandle zombini ezivela kwiinqanawa zesikhongozeli, iiferi zeoyile, njl. Uhambisa uLwandle lwaseAlboran rhoqo. Kungenxa yokuba baneendlela zokudibanisa phakathi kweAtlantic neMeditera. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ngonyaka Kukho ngaphezulu kwe-800.000 yeenqanawa zeHan ezihamba kulo mmandla unyaka nonyaka.
Ngokubhekisele kwizilwanyana, olu lwandle yindawo yokuhlala yabona baninzi bamahlengethwa empumlo akhoyo kwintshona yeMeditera. Ukongeza, baninzi ngakumbi nangaphezulu abantu kunye nenani elikhulu lofudo lwaselwandle. Olu lwandle alunabutyebi kuphela kwizinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa lukwangumthombo obalulekileyo wentlanzi yesardine kunye nekrele. Ke ngoko, uxhatshazwe kakhulu ngabantu.
Iziqithi zeAlboran Sea
Nangona olu lwandle lungekho lude kakhulu, kukho ezinye iziqithi ezaziwayo nezibaluleke kakhulu. Siza kuphonononga nganye nganye eziziziqithi eziphambili kunye neempawu zazo.
Alboran
Esi siqithi sifumana igama laso ngenxa yolwandle apho likho. Sisisiqithana esincinci esivela kwimvelaphi yentaba-mlilo kwaye sikumgama ophakathi phakathi kwe-Afrika neYurophu. Yeyona ndawo isempuma yolwandle. Nangona incinci, ngokwembali ibiyindawo ebalulekileyo yeqhinga kwezomkhosi nakwezolwandle.
Namhlanje ayihlali ngokupheleleyo kwaye imeko yendalo ikhuselwe ngamanani ahlukeneyo asemthethweni. Ukufikelela kwayo kuthintelwe ngokupheleleyo kuba likhaya kwiintlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana.
Ezinye iziqithi
Ulwandle iAlboran likhaya kwezinye iziqithi ezincinci kwaye zaziwa kancinci. Unxweme lonke lwaseMntla Afrika lunamachweba amancinci kunye neziqithi. Ezinye zezi ziqithi ziphantsi kommandla waseSpain ngenxa yokusondela kwezixeko ezizimeleyo zaseCeuta naseMelilla. Makhe sihlalutye ukuba zeziphi iziqithi ezincinci:
- IPeñón de Vélez de la Gomera: Sisiqithi se-190 yeemitha zesikwere, yiyo loo nto ithathwa njengesiqithi. Emva kwenyikima eyenzeka ngo-1930, bayincamathisela elunxwemeni ngamathe esanti. Kuhlala kuphela kwikampu encinci yomkhosi waseSpain.
- Iliwa leAlhucemas: Incinci kunesiqithi esedlule kunye ne-150 yeemitha zesikwere. Ikhuselwe ngamawa kwaye ihlala nezindlu zomkhosi.
- Chafarinas Islands: Inommandla weemitha zesikwere ezingama-500 kwaye sisiqithi esincinci. Ime kwimpuma yeMelilla kwaye isondele kakhulu kumda wolwandle phakathi kweMorocco neAlgeria. Abemi bayo kuphela ngumkhosi kunye nesayensi ngaphakathi kwesikhululo sebhayoloji.
Ukubaluleka kwendalo
Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, uLwandle lwaseAlboran lubaluleke kakhulu kwindalo kuba likhaya kwinani lezinto eziphilayo. Nangona kunjalo, ijongene neengxaki ezahlukeneyo ezinje ukuloba ngokungakhethiyo, ukukhutshwa okungcolileyo okungalawulwayo kunye nokhenketho oluninzi. Ukongeza, kule minyaka idlulileyo olu lwandle luye lwaba yindlela yokungena ngokungekho mthethweni ukusuka e-Afrika ukuya eSpain, nalapho kuye kwakho ukophuka kwenqanawa okuninzi kwaye kungcolise imigangatho yaselwandle.
Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga noLwandle iAlboran kunye neempawu zalo.