Ubume bomoya woMhlaba

Ukuba iplanethi ikude kakhulu okanye isondele kakhulu kwiLanga, kunzima kakhulu kuyo ukuba inomoya ojikeleze umhlaba ngokwaneleyo ukuxhasa ubomi. Lowo ujikeleze uMhlaba, ikhaya lethu, ngu maleko wegesi ngubani ovumele lonto ukuba yenzeke. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ayikho enye iplanethi efumanekileyo enokuthi "iqhayise" ngokuba nabemi abahlala kuyo.

Kodwa, Yintoni ubume bomoya ojikeleze umhlaba kwaye kutheni ubaluleke kangaka?

Ubume bomoya woMhlaba

Ubume bomoya we-atmosfera butshintshile ngokuthe ngcembe kwizigidi zeminyaka njengoko iJografi yoMhlaba iguqukile. Okwangoku, iigesi ezintathu, i-nitrogen, i-oksijini kunye ne-argon, zenza i-99,95% yevolumu yomoya; kwezi, i-nitrogen kunye ne-argon zi-geertical inert kwaye zakuba zikhutshelwe kwi-atmosfera zihlala apho; Ioksijini, kwelinye icala, iyasebenza kwaye ubungakanani bayo bumiselwe sisantya sempendulo ezinxibelelanisa idiphozithi yomoya yeoksijini yasimahla kunye nediphozithi yokunciphisa ekhoyo ematyeni entlenga.

Izinto eziseleyo zomoya zikhona ngexabiso elincinci kangangokuba ukubonwa kwazo kuboniswa ngokubanzi kumalungu kwisigidi ngevolumu. Zezi zilandelayo:

• Neon: 20,2
• Helio: 4,0
• UMethane: 16,0
• IKrypton: 83,8
• IHydrogen: 2,0
• Xenon: 131,3
• Ozone: 48,0
• Iodine: 126,9
• URadon: 222,0
• Umoya omdaka: 44
• Umphunga wamanzi: 18

Ezi gesi zibonakala ngokulinganayo ngokuthe rhoqo ukuya kuthi ga kubude obusondele kwi-80 km, yiyo loo nto kuthiwa zibizwa ngokusisigxina. Nangona kunjalo, indima ebalulekileyo kwimozulu iwela kwiigesi eziguqukayo, ngakumbi umphunga wamanzi, icarbon dioxide, iozone kunye neeerosols.

Umphunga wamanzi

Umphunga wamanzi yirhasi eyenzekayo xa amanzi ephuma kulwelo esiya kwimo enegesi. Yeyona nto iphambili kuninzi lweenkqubo zemozulu, iarhente esebenzayo yokuhambisa ubushushu kunye nomlawuli oshushu.

Umoya omdaka

Yiyigesi engenambala, engenavumba, ebalulekileyo, ukuze kubekho ubomi eMhlabeni, kuba yeyona nto iphambili kwabo babizwa ngokuba ifuthe lamaqondo obushushu abanjwe lungcoliseko. Okwangoku, ukwanda kokukhutshwa kwale gesi kubangela ukwanda kwamaqondo obushushu.

Ozone

Le kuphela kwegesi yomoya leyo ifunxa phantse yonke imitha yelanga yelanga kwaye ke yenza imvulophu ekhuselayo ngaphandle kobomi emhlabeni.

IAerosoles

Zinefuthe elibonakalayo ekuhleni lomoya kwaye zenza imisebenzi egqibeleleyo yemozulu, ngokusisiseko ngokusebenza njenge incindi yempembelelo apho amafu kunye nenkungu zenziwa khona, nangona ngamanye amaxesha zingunobangela wenqanaba lokungcoliseka komoya xa ukugxila kwabo kuphezulu.

Umaleko womoya womhlaba

Umoya ojikeleze umhlaba wahlulwe wangamacandelo amahlanu. Iyaxinana ngaphezulu, kodwa Ubuninzi bayo buncipha ngokuphakama ide iphele esithubeni.

• Troposphere: Ngumaleko wokuqala kwaye kulapho sizifumana sikhona. Kukwalapho imozulu yenzeka khona. Ime kwinqanaba lomhlaba ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10km yokuphakama.
• Ubume bendawo: Ukuba ukhe wakhwela inqwelomoya, uye wafika apha. Uluhlu lwe-ozone luya kufumaneka kolu luhlu. Ime phakathi kwe-10km kunye ne-50km ukuphakama.
• Umyalezo: kulapho iimeteorites "zitshisa" kwaye zizitshabalalise. Ime phakathi kwe-50 kunye ne-80km yokuphakama.
• Ithermosphere: apho izibane eziqaqambileyo zasemantla zenziwa khona. Kukwalapho iziphekepheke ezijikeleza khona. Ime phakathi kwe-80 kunye ne-500km yokuphakama.
• Umoya: owona ungaphandle ungaphantsi kwaye ubuncinci bume obuninzi obugqibela ngokuxubana nendawo engaphandle. Ime phakathi kwe-500 kunye ne-10.000 km yokuphakama malunga.

Umoya kunye nokufudumala kwehlabathi

Ukusukela kuHlaziyo lwezoRhwebo, ubuntu buye bonyusa ngokuthe ngcembe ukukhutshwa kweegreenhouse gases kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo kwiatmosfera, ebangele ukuba iqondo lobushushu lehlabathi liphume 0ºC. Ingabonakala incinci, kodwa inyani yile yokuba kwanele ukuxhasa ukwenziwa kweziganeko zemozulu eziya zisomelela, nokuba ziinkanyamba, iinkanyamba okanye imbalela.

Kodwa kutheni le nto ukwanda okubonakala kungabalulekanga kuchaphazela ubomi eMhlabeni kangaka? Ewe, ukufudumala kwehlabathi kubangela ukuba ulwandle lufudumale, kwaye okwangoku ludibanise. Iilwandle ezifudumeleyo zinokuthi "zondle" iinkanyamba ezitshabalalisayo. Kwakhona umkhenkce okwiindawo ezisemazantsi unyibilika. Elo qhwa liyanyibilika kufuneka liye ndaweni ithile, kwaye ewe iya elwandle, kubangela ukwanda kwinqanaba layo.

Ngaphandle kokuba kuthathwe amanyathelo okunciphisa ukukhutshwa kweegesi ezingcolisayo, ukuya Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ubushushu bunokunyuka nge-2 degrees, Njengobuncinci.

Ke siyathemba ukuba iluncedo kuwe kwaye kuya kubalula kuwe ukusukela ngoku ukuya phambili ukuqonda amanqanaba ahlukeneyo, kunye nokwakhiwa komoya woMhlaba kunye nendima ebalulekileyo abayidlalayo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba kukho ubomi le planethi encinci iblue.