Ukubaluleka kokufuma kwiMeteorology

Ukufuma kubume obuguqukayo bemozulu kuba Umphunga wamanzi uhlala ukhona emoyeni wethu. Kungakhathaliseki ubushushu bomoya esiwuphefumlayo, phantse uhlala unomphunga wamanzi. Sikuqhelile ukubona ukufuma ingakumbi kweyona mihla ibanda kakhulu ebusika.

Amanzi lelinye lezona zinto ziphambili zomoya kwaye anokufumaneka kuwo omathathu amazwe (igesi, ulwelo, kunye nokuqina). Kweli nqaku ndiza kuchaza yonke into oyifunayo malunga nokufuma njengokuguquguquka kwemozulu nokuba yeyantoni. Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi ngakumbi ngayo?

Yintoni ukufuma? Iindidi zokufuma

Ukufuma bubungakanani bomphunga wamanzi emoyeni. Esi sixa-mali asihlali sihleli, kodwa siyakuxhomekeka kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, ngokungathi kunethe mva nje, ukuba sikufutshane nolwandle, ukuba kukho izityalo, njl. Kuxhomekeke kubushushu bomoya. Oko kukuthi, njengoko umoya unciphisa ubushushu bawo uyakwazi ukugcina umphunga wamanzi ungaphantsi kwaye yiyo loo nto kubonakala inkungu xa siphefumla, okanye umbethe ebusuku. Umoya uzaliswa ngumphunga wamanzi kwaye awunakho ukubamba ubuninzi, ke ngoko amanzi aba lulwelo kwakhona.

Kungumnqa ukwazi ukuba umoya wenkqantosi ukwazi ukubamba ukufuma okungaphezulu kunomoya opholileyo, kuba umoya oshushu awuzaliswanga msinya ngumphunga wamanzi kwaye uyakwazi ukuba nenani elingaphezulu, ngaphandle kokuba ube ngamanzi alulwelo.

Zininzi iindlela zokujonga ukufuma emoyeni:

• Ukufuma okupheleleyo: ubunzima bomphunga wamanzi, kwiigrama, eziqulathwe kwi-1m3 yomoya owomileyo.
• Ukufuma ngqo: ubunzima bomphunga wamanzi, kwiigrama, eziqulathwe kwi-1 kg yomoya.
• RIndawo yokuxuba: ubunzima bomphunga wamanzi, kwiigrama, kwi-1 kg yomoya owomileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, esona silinganiselo sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi somswakama sibizwa RH, ebonakaliswa njengepesenti (%). Ifunyanwa njengesiphumo sokwahlula phakathi kobunzima bomoya kunye nobuninzi bokugcina kunye nokuphindaphinda nge-100. Umphunga wamanzi ongaphezulu, ngenxa yoko ukufuma kwawo okulinganayo kunokuba ngaphezulu.

Ubunzima bomoya buzaliswa nini?

Obona bukhulu bokubamba umphunga wamanzi kuthiwa kukugcwalisa uxinzelelo lomphunga. Eli xabiso libonisa elona xabiso liphezulu lomphunga wamanzi onokuba nobunzima bomoya ngaphambi kokuba uguqulwe ube lulwelo lwamanzi.

Ngombulelo ukufuma okuhambelana, sinokuba nombono wokuba kufutshane kangakanani ubunzima bomoya ukufikelela ekugcwalisweni kwawo, ke ngoko, iintsuku esiva ukuba ukufuma okuhambelana ne-100% kusixelela ukuba ubunzima bomoya abusekho ungagcina umphunga wamanzi kwaye ukusuka apho, nasiphi na isongezelelo samanzi kubunzima bomoya siyakwenza amathontsi amanzi (aziwa njengombethe) okanye amakristali omkhenkce, Kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zokusingqongileyo. Ngokwesiqhelo oku kuyenzeka xa ubushushu bomoya buphantsi kakhulu yiyo loo nto ingenako ukubamba umphunga wamanzi ongaphezulu. Njengokuba iqondo lobushushu lomoya lisonyuka, iyakwazi ukubamba umphunga wamanzi ongakumbi ngaphandle kokugcwaliswa yiyo loo nto ingabangeli amathontsi amanzi.

Umzekelo, kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni, ehlotyeni kukho ukufuma okuphezulu kunye nobushushu "obunamathelayo" ngenxa yokuba amathontsi amaza kwiintsuku ezinomoya ahlala esemoyeni. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yamaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ayinakho ukwenza amathontsi amanzi okanye igcwaliswe, kuba umoya unokugcina umphunga wamanzi omninzi. Kungenxa yeso sizathu sokuba umbethe ungabikho ehlotyeni.

Singenza njani ukuba ubunzima bomoya buzalise?

Ukuze sikuqonde oku ngendlela echanekileyo, kuya kufuneka sicinge xa ​​sikhupha umphunga wamanzi emlonyeni wethu ngexesha lasebusika. Lomoya esiwukhupha xa siphefumla unobushushu obuthile kunye nomxholo womphunga wamanzi. Nangona kunjalo, xa iphuma emlonyeni wethu kwaye idibana nomoya obandayo ngaphandle, iqondo lobushushu lihla kakhulu. Ngenxa yokupholisa, ubunzima bomoya baphulukana nomthamo wokuqulatha umphunga, ukufikelela ngokulula. Emva koko umphunga wamanzi uyadibana uze wenze inkungu.

Kwakhona, ndiqaqambisa ukuba le yindlela efanayo apho umbethe umanzisa khona izithuthi zethu ngobusuku obubandayo basebusika. Ke ngoko, iqondo lobushushu apho ubunzima bomoya kufuneka bupholiswe ukuvelisa ukufuma, ngaphandle kokutshintsha umxholo womphunga, kubizwa ngokuba bubushushu bombethe okanye indawo yombethe.

Kutheni le nto inqwelo-mafutha ifestile kwaye siyisusa njani?

Ukusombulula le ngxaki enokwenzeka kuthi ebusika, ngakumbi ebusuku nakwiintsuku zemvula, kufuneka sicinge ngokugcwala komoya. Xa singena emotweni kwaye sivela esitalatweni, umxholo womphunga wamanzi kwisithuthi uqala ukukhula njengoko siphefumla kwaye, ngenxa yeqondo eliphantsi lobushushu, iyanyibilika ngokukhawuleza (ukufuma kwayo kufikelela kwi-100%). Xa umoya ongaphakathi emotweni uzele, ubangela inkungu kwiifestile kuba umoya awusakwazi ukubamba umphunga wamanzi, ukanti siyaqhubeka nokuphefumla kwaye sikhupha umphunga wamanzi ongaphezulu. Kungenxa yoko le nto umoya ugcwele kwaye yonke intsalela iguqulwa ibe ngamanzi angamanzi.

Oku kwenzeka kuba sigcine iqondo lobushushu lomoya rhoqo, kodwa songeze umphunga wamanzi omninzi. Singayisombulula njani le nto kwaye singabangeli ingozi ngenxa yokubonakala okuphantsi kweglasi enombala? Kuya kufuneka sisebenzise ukufudumeza. Sebenzisa ukufudumeza kwaye uyalathise kwiikristale, Siza kubonyusa ubushushu bomoya, senze ukuba sikwazi ukugcina umphunga wamanzi ongaphezulu ngaphandle kokuhlutha. Ngale ndlela, iifestile ezinenkungu ziya kunyamalala kwaye sinokuqhuba kakuhle, ngaphandle komngcipheko owongeziweyo.

Ubulinganisa njani ubumanzi nolophu?

Ukufuma kuhlala kulinganiswa ngesixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-psychrometer. Oku kubandakanya iithemomitha ezimbini ezilinganayo, enye yazo, ebizwa ngokuba "yithemometha eyomileyo", isetyenziselwa ukufumana ubushushu bomoya. Enye, ebizwa ngokuba yi "wethemometha emanzi", inedama eligutyungelwe ngelaphu elifakwe ngomsonto olidibanisa nedama lamanzi. Umsebenzi ulula kakhulu: amanzi afaka iwebhu ngumphunga kwaye ngenxa yoko athatha ubushushu emoyeni obungqongileyo, obushushu bayo buqala ukwehla. Kuxhomekeke kubushushu kunye nesiqulatho sokuqala somphunga kubunzima bomoya, ubungakanani bamanzi amphunga aya kuba makhulu okanye ngaphantsi kwaye kwinqanaba elifanayo kuya kubakho ukwehla okukhulu okanye okungaphantsi kobushushu bethemometha emanzi. Ngokusekwe kula maxabiso mabini, ukufuma okuhambelana nokubalwa kusetyenziswa ifomula yemathematika enxulumene nazo. Ukulungiselela lula, ithemometha inikwa iitafile zokungena eziphinda zinike ngokuthe ngqo ixabiso lokufuma ukusuka kubushushu beethemometha ezimbini, ngaphandle kokwenza naluphi na ubalo.

Kukho esinye isixhobo, esichaneke ngakumbi kunesangaphambili, esibizwa ngokuba yi-aspyropsychrometer, apho isithuthi esincinci siqinisekisa ukuba iithemomethaya zingena umoya ngokuqhubekayo.

Njengoko ubona, xa kufikwa kwisimo sezulu nakwinzululwazi yemozulu, ukufuma kubaluleke kakhulu.