Siyazi ukuba kwindalo iphela kukho ukumila kweenkwenkwezi, iminyele kunye neenebulae. Enye yezi ibizwa ngokuba ukhozi nebula kwaye iyaziwa kakhulu. Ifumaneka kwiminyaka engama-6500 yokukhanya ukusuka kwisijikelezi-langa sethu kwaye ingaphakathi kwekroza leSarpens. Ineempawu ezizodwa.
Ke ngoko, siza kunikezela eli nqaku ukukuxelela yonke into okufuneka uyazi malunga ne-Eagle Nebula, iimpawu zayo, imvelaphi kunye nokunye okuninzi.
Ukufunyanwa kwe-Eagle Nebula
Ifumaneka kwiminyaka engama-6.500 yokukhanya ukusuka eMhlabeni kwi-Serpens yeenkwenkwezi, i-Eagle Nebula iyinxalenye ye-Messier Catalogue, kwaye igama layo ngu-M16, into yeshumi elinesithandathu ye-interstellar efunyenwe zizazi ngeenkwenkwezi. I-Eagle Nebula liqela leenkwenkwezi ezincinci, uthuli lwecosmic, kunye negesi ekhanyayo.. Lo mfumba wezinto wenza umqolo wendalo, njengoko amaxesha ngamaxesha iinkwenkwezi ezincinci ezishushu zizalwa, kwaye ezinye ziyafa ukuze zidale ezintsha.
Ifunyenwe yiHubble Space Telescope ngo-1995, kunyeOku kuthathwa njengenye yezona ndawo zintle kwaye ziyimfihlakalo kwindalo yeenkwenkwezi., ebumba i-Eagle Nebula 2 inxalenye yeNtsika Zendalo, ekubeni kuthiwa iqoqo leenkwenkwezi lizalwa ukusuka apho.
Le Nebula yoKhozi inokubonwa ngeeteleskopu zabangamaziyo ngenxa yokuba ayikude kakhulu eMhlabeni, kwaye ikwakrola ize ikhanyise irhasi ukuze yenze iintsika ezinkulu iminyaka emininzi yokukhanya ukunqumla, into ebonwa ngamehlo.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Ezi ziimpawu ze-nebula:
- Ubudala bayo buphakathi kwe-1-2 yezigidi zeminyaka.
- Le nebula yinxalenye ye-Emission Nebula okanye ingingqi ye-H II kwaye ibhaliswe njenge-IC 4703.
- Ime malunga ne-7.000 yeminyaka yokukhanya kude kwindawo yokwenza iinkwenkwezi.
- Inaliti yerhasi ibonakala kumntla-mpuma we-nebula, i-9,5 light-years kude kunye nobubanzi obumalunga neebhiliyoni zeekhilomitha ezingama-90.
- Le nebula ineqela leenkwenkwezi ezimalunga nama-8.100. uninzi lugxile kummandla osemntla-mpuma weNtsika zeNdalo.
- Iyinxalenye yoko kubizwa ngokuba ziiNtsika Zendalo, ekubeni ngamaxesha athile kuzalwa iinkwenkwezi ezintsha kwinqaba yayo enkulu yegesi.
- Kuqikelelwa ukuba zineenkwenkwezi ezingama-460 eziqaqambe kakhulu zohlobo lwe-spectral eziphindwe kayisigidi ezi-1 ngokuqaqamba ngakumbi kuneLanga.
- Kanye njengokuba iinkwenkwezi zizalwa kwinqaba yalo enkulu, i-Eagle Nebula iphinda ibone izigidi zeenkwenkwezi zisifa zize zibe ziinkwenkwezi ezintsha eziqaqambileyo.
I-Eagle Nebula, ekusenokwenzeka ukuba yabonwa ziiteleskopu ezininzi kwihlabathi jikelele, yaqala ukubonwa yi IHubble Space Telescope ngo-1995 ngobungangamsha beEagle Nebula-5 yale nebula, ebonisa ukuba iinkwenkwezi ezintsha zizalwa kwezi ntsika, kwi-gas aggregates ebizwa ngokuba yi-EGG.
Ukususela ngoko, yasetyenziswa njengomboniso wobuhle bendawo yethu engaphandle. Omnye umfanekiso wenebula uthathwe yiHerschel Space Telescope ye-ESA. Oku kubonisa ngokupheleleyo iintsika zendalo, igesi kunye nothuli olwenze le nebula.
Le nebula, ekwabonwa kwimbono ye-X-reyi kunye ne-ESA's XMM-Newton Space Telescope, isazisa kwiinkwenkwezi ezisencinci ezishushu kunye noxanduva lwazo ekukroleni iintsika zazo.
Ezinye iiteleskopu ezifunda i-nebula yi-VTL ye-European Southern Observatory's eParanal, eChile, enokufundwa kwe-infrared, kunye neteleskopu ye-2,2-meter-diameter Max Planck Gesellschaft kummandla waseLa Silla eChile. Ezi teleskopu zisinika eyona mifanekiso mihle kwaye zisityhilela oko kwenzekayo kulo mmandla wesibhakabhaka.
Indlela yokuqwalasela iNebula yoKhozi
Ukujonga i-Messier 16 kufuneka ube neteleskopu yomgangatho olungileyo, ube neyona meko intle yemozulu, kuba oku kumele ukuba isibhakabhaka sikweyona ndawo imnyama, kude nongcoliso lokukhanya, kwaye sibe nendawo eyiyo i-nebula. Oku akuthethi ukuba awuyi kukhubeka ngamaxesha athile xa ubukele i<em>nebula.
Enye yeendlela ezilula zokufumana iM16 kukufumana ikroza leKhozi kwaye uye ngasemsilani walo, Uphi inkwenkwezi uAkwila? Xa ufika kwelo nqanaba, uhamba ngokuthe ngqo kwiqela leenkwenkwezi zeScuti. Kule pintov, kufuneka uye emazantsi ukuze ufikelele kwinkwenkwezi iGamma Scuti.
Emva kokufumana inkwenkwezi uGamma Scuti, uyayijonga. Apho uya kufumana iqela leenkwenkwezi elaziwa ngokuba yi-Messier 16, elinomgangatho ongcono weeprism binoculars kunye neemeko zesibhakabhaka sakho uya kukwazi ukujonga ukufukama kwalo, kodwa ngeteleskopu enkulu yokuvula uya kukwazi ukujonga i-Eagle Nebula kwindawo yayo. ngcono.
Imbali ethile
Isazi ngeenkwenkwezi saseSwitzerland uJean-Philippe Loys de Chéseaux wayengomnye wabokuqala ukuxoxa ngommangaliso ka-Olbers. Wakwenza iminyaka embalwa ngaphambi kokuba uHeinrich Olbers azalwe, kodwa i-paradox ekugqibeleni yakhokelela kwigama lokugqibela.
Kwakhona waba ngowokuqala ukubona i-Eagle Nebula, awayenzayo ngo-1745. Nangona uChéseaux engazange ayibone i-nebula, wakwazi ukuchonga iqela leenkwenkwezi kwiziko layo: i-NGC 6611 (njengoko yaziwa ngoku). Le yereferensi yokuqala erekhodiweyo kwi-Eagle Nebula.
Kodwa kwiminyaka nje embalwa kamva (ngowe-1774), uCharles Messier waliquka elo qela kuluhlu lwakhe waza walihlela njengeM16. I-Messier Catalogue luluhlu lwe-110 nebulae kunye neenkwenkwezi zeenkwenkwezi ezisasetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngabantu abathanda i-astronomy namhlanje. Mhlawumbi lolona luhlu ludumileyo lwezidalwa zasezulwini ehlabathini.
Kwiminyaka kamva, ngokwenziwa kweeteleskopu, izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zakwazi ukubona iinxalenye zenebula ejikeleze iNGC 6611 (iqela leenkwenkwezi). Abantu baqalisa ukuthetha nge-nebula, kodwa ekubeni babengekaluboni ukhozi. Babembiza ngokuba nguKumkanikazi weenkwenkwezi.
Kodwa ukufika kwe-astrophotography yinto entsha yokuguquka, kuba kukho iinkcukacha ezininzi kunokuba zifunyenwe uphononongo lweenkwenkwezi. Kuvela ukuba i-nebula inemimandla emnyama, i-plues enkulu yegesi, kunye nemilo ekhumbuza ukhozi. Ngoko le nebula yaqalisa ukuba negama elitsha: i-Eagle Nebula.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga ne-Eagle Nebula kunye neempawu zayo.