I-GIS (iiNkqubo zoLwazi lweJografi)

Uluhlu lolwazi lwe-GIS

Itekhnoloji iguqule ulwazi esele lukhona kuzo zonke iinkalo zesayensi. Emva kokuzalwa kweekhompyuter, inkqubo yolwazi yabizwa ngokuba siseti yezixhobo zekhompyuter ezinakho ukubonelela ngolwazi malunga nantoni na ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zekhompyuter. Enye yezi nkqubo zolwazi eziye zanceda ukufumana idatha kwindawo ebonakalayo zezi SIG. Isichazi kuthetha inkqubo yolwazi lwejografi kwaye zezo zibonelela ngedatha enkulu malunga nendawo.

Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ze-GIS kunye nokubaluleka kwazo namhlanje.

Yintoni iGIS

SIG

Yinkqubo yolwazi equlathe inani elikhulu ledatha kwaye isebenza ngezixhobo zekhompyuter ezaziwa ngokuba yisoftware. Into ethile efundwayo yindawo ebonakalayo kwaye ngenxa yesi sizathu ibizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yolwazi yendawo okanye i-GIS. Yisoftware ethile evumela bonke abasebenzisi ukuba babonisane ngokudibeneyo bafuna ukubonisa ngokufanelekileyo iseti yolwazi lwejografi ebhekisa kumhlaba othile. Ngale ndlela ngokudibanisa iimephu zedatha unokufumana ulwazi olukhulu malunga nendawo.

Olu hlobo lwemephu linceda ukujonga yonke idatha efunyenwe kwisampulu ukuze ibonakalise kwaye inxibelelanise zonke iziganeko zobume balo naluphi na uhlobo. Oko kukuthi, sifumana i-GIS enenani elikhulu lolwazi njengeemephu zendlela, iindawo zolimo, ukuxinana kwabantu, ukuhanjiswa kwezityalo, indawo yokuhlala yeentlobo ezithile zezilwanyana, njl. Ngolwazi olufunyenwe kwisampulu iimephu zinokwenziwa ngengqimba yolwazi apho yonke idatha iya kubonakala.

Oko kukuthi, sinokuba nemephu yommandla othile esifuna ukufundisisa kwaye songeze uluhlu lolwazi olufunyenwe kwisampulu. Nje ukuba songeze umaleko wolwazi kwimephu yendawo, sifumana inkqubo yolwazi lendawo. Sinokuba, umzekelo, indawo yokuhlala yeentlobo kunye nobuninzi bayo ngomxube ophakathi kwemephu yendawo kunye noluhlu lolwazi.

I-GIS ikuvumela ukuba ubuze kwaye ubonise iziphumo kwiindawo zewebhu nakwizixhobo eziphathwayo ngendlela ekhawulezayo nenomdla. Enkosi kwezi nkqubo zolwazi, inani elikhulu leengxaki ezinzima ezivela kucwangciso nolawulo lwommandla lunokusonjululwa. Obu lula bokuba ulwazi lunokuvezwa lwenze iinkqubo zolwazi lwendawo Inkxaso exabisekileyo ekwenziweni kwezigqibo kwiiprojekthi ezahlukeneyo.

Isampulu kunye neenkqubo zolwazi

Kuyaziwa ukuba namhlanje senza kwaye sigcina ulwazi ngokuqhubekayo. Olu lwazi luyanda kwaye kunokuthiwa yonke le datha ayinakugcinwa kwizixhobo njengoko bekunjalo ngaphambili. Abantu banegalelo ekukhuleni kolwazi, kodwa ayisiyiyo yodwa. Phakathi koomatshini bavelisa unxibelelwano olwenza izixa ezikhulu zedatha ebalulekileyo kulawulo. Umzekelo, zininzi izivamvo zedijithali ezifakwe kwizikhongozeli ukumisela indlela ethathiweyo ngexesha lokuhanjiswa kwephakheji. Lonke olu lwazi luthunyelwa kwiinkampani zothutho ukulungiselela ukuhambisa kunye neendleko zeenkampani.

Kuyafana nakulwazi lwejografi. Ukwahlulwa kolwazi Ingasinceda ukuba sibone ukuba yintoni, phi kwaye kutheni izinto ezahlukeneyo zisenzeka kwindalo esingqongileyo. Siyabulela kwi-geography kunye ne-geology siyazi iimpawu ezahlukileyo zomhlaba. Ukuba sidibanisa oko isayensi isinika kona kunye nokufezekiswa kwesampulu kunye nedatha eyahlukileyo esinayo evela kwinkqubo yolwazi, senza i-GIS.

Isampulu zenziwa ngendlela ye-iterative kunye ne-asymptomatic. Oku kuthetha ukuba ulwazi lufumaneka ngokuthe ngcembe de ulwazi olutsha luvezwe. Siza kunika umzekelo ukuze siziqonde ngcono iisampulu ezisetyenzisiweyo ukufumana umaleko wolwazi. Sicinga ukuba ufuna ukufunda uluhlu lweentlobo zeenyamakazi. Ukuze ufumane olu lwazi, kufuneka uqale wenze isampulu. Kula masampulu, ukubalwa kuyakwenziwa ngeendawo zokubonwa kweentlobo zeenyamakazi kunye nolungelelwaniso lwendawo leyo ibonwe kuyo iyakubonwa.

Iseti yazo zonke iindawo zokudibanisa indawo ibeka ngendlela echanekileyo indawo yokuhanjiswa kwale ntlobo. Iseti yayo yonke le ngcaciso igcinwe kumaleko wolwazi. Emva kwexesha, songeza olu luhlu lolwazi kwimephu esinayo yommandla othile. Ngale ndlela, sinendawo yonke yejografi esasazwa ngayo iintlobo zeenyamakazi kwaye sinokwazi ngeempawu zokuhlala kwazo.

Ukubaluleka kwejografi kwi-GIS

Nje ukuba sihlalutye isixa esikhulu solwazi esinalo, siyabona ukuba kunedatha eninzi kakhulu ukuba siyenze. Inzululwazi ichaza umhlaba esihlala kuwo kwaye kukho ulwazi ngakumbi nangakumbi malunga nalo. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka sihlele ulwazi ngandlela thile. Kwi-GIS sifumana onke amacandelo athile asinceda ukuba sikwazi Ukubonisana ngokufanelekileyo nokuhlalutya ulwazi lwendawo.

Olu lwazi lwejografi lunento enendawo. Oku kunokuphononongwa njengendawo yendawo kunye nolwazi olunikeziweyo olunenkcukacha ngakumbi ngolwazi malunga nento ekubhekiswa kuyo. Omnye umzekelo kukuchaza nendoda esitalatweni njengolungelelwaniso lomhlaba.

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-GIS kuye kwaququzelela kakhulu ukubonwa kwedatha efunyenwe kwimephu. Namhlanje i-GIS isetyenziselwa phantse nayiphi na iprojekthi kunye nokukhangela ulwazi lwendawo. Ukusuka kwiinkampani zothutho ukuya kuvavanyo lwempembelelo kokusingqongileyo, i-GIS iye yaba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga ne-GIS kunye nokubaluleka kwayo.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya uluvo lwakho

Idilesi yakho ye email aziyi kupapashwa. ezidingekayo ziphawulwe *

*

*

  1. Uxanduva lwedatha: UMiguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Injongo yedatha: Ulawulo lwe-SPAM, ulawulo lwezimvo.
  3. Umthetho: Imvume yakho
  4. Unxibelelwano lwedatha: Idatha ayizukuhanjiswa kubantu besithathu ngaphandle koxanduva lomthetho.
  5. Ukugcinwa kweenkcukacha
  6. Amalungelo: Ngalo naliphi na ixesha unganciphisa, uphinde uphinde ucime ulwazi lwakho.