Ngokuqinisekileyo wakhe weva izibane zasemantla kwaye unqwenela ukubona lo mangaliso wendalo. Oku kukukhanya okuqaqambileyo kwisibhakabhaka esiluhlaza ngokuqhelekileyo. Ezo zenzeka kwiindawo ezibugqagala kuthiwa zii-polar auroras. Emva koko siza kuchaza ngokweenkcukacha yonke into ekufuneka uyazi ngayo i-polar aurora kunye neempawu zabo.
Ukuba ufuna ukuhamba kwihlabathi lonke ukuya kwizibonda kwaye ubone i-polar auroras, qhubeka ufunda eli nqaku.
Iimpawu ze-polar aurora
Xa ii-polar auroras zibonwa ukusuka kwipali esemantla zibizwa ngokuba zizibane ezisemantla kwaye xa zibonwa ukusuka kumazantsi e-hemisphere esemazantsi i-auroras. Iimpawu zazo zombini ziyafana kuba zivela ngendlela efanayo. Nangona kunjalo, kuyo yonke imbali, izibane zasemantla bezisoloko zibaluleke ngakumbi.
Ezi zinto zendalo zibonelela ngombono ocetyiswayo ukuze ubone kanye ebomini bakho. Umda kuphela kukuba ukuqikelela kwayo kunzima kakhulu kwaye uhambo oluya kwimimandla eyenzeka kakhulu lubiza kakhulu. Khawufane ucinge ukuba uhlawula isixa semali esihle kuhambo lokuya kubona iZibane zaseMantla ezisuka eGreenland kwaye kuvela ukuba iintsuku ziyahamba kwaye abanandawo. Kuya kufuneka ujike ulambatha kwaye uzisole ngokungakwazi ukuzibona.
Eyona nto iqhelekileyo kwezi auroras kukuba umbala oluhlaza ngowona ugcwele. Mthubi, luhlaza, orenji, violet kunye neetoni ezibomvu nazo zinokujongwa. Le mibala ibonakala njengamanqaku amancinci okukhanya apho banokwenza khona iiarcs ezincinci ezijikeleza isibhakabhaka. Umbala obalaseleyo uhlala uluhlaza.
Iindawo apho banokubonwa rhoqo iseAlaska, eGreenland naseKhanada (jonga Izibane zasemantla eNorway). Nangona kunjalo, banokubonakala kwiindawo ezininzi emhlabeni, nangona kunqabile. Kukho iimeko apho ukubonwa kwayo kuye kwaxelwa kwiindawo ezikufutshane neikhweyitha.
Kutheni le nto ifom polar aurora?
Yintoni uninzi lwenzululwazi oluyifunayo kule minyaka idlulileyo kwaye kutheni iifom polar aurora zenzeka. Sisiphumo sonxibelelwano phakathi kwelanga noMhlaba. Umoya weLanga ukhupha uthotho lweegesi kwimeko yeplasma enezinto ezinobungakanani bombane. La masuntswana ahamba emajukujukwini ade afike eMhlabeni ngenxa yomxhuzulane kunye nomhlaba womazibuthe womhlaba.
Xa ifikelela kubude emoyeni inokujongwa esibhakabhakeni. Indlela ilanga lithumela ngayo la masuntswana kwindawo yonke kwaye, ngakumbi, eMhlabeni ngumoya welanga. Umoya welanga inokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwiinkqubo zonxibelelwano zeplanethi yethu kwaye idale ingozi emhlabeni jikelele. Khawufane ucinge ukunqunyulwa ixesha elide ngaphandle kombane walo naluphi na uhlobo.
Amasuntswana aneentlawulo zombane angqubana namasuntswana erhasi kwimagnetosphere yomhlaba. Siyakhumbula ukuba isijikelezi-langa sethu sinemagnethi ebangela ukuba imitha ye-electromagnetic ishiye isiya emajukujukwini. Le magnetosphere yenziwa yimikhosi eveliswe yimagnethi yomhlaba.
Isizathu sokuba i-auroras yenze rhoqo kwizibonda hayi kwi-ikhweyitha kungenxa yokuba amandla kazibuthe womelele kwiipali kunakwikhweyitha. Ngesi sizathu, amasuntswana afakelwa umbane avela elangeni ngumoya welanga ahamba kule migca eyenza imagnetosphere. Xa amasuntswana omoya elanga angqubana neegesi zemagnetosphere, kuveliswa izibane ezinokubonwa kuphela ngokuthambeka okwahlukileyo kwemitha yelanga.
Iveliswa njani
Ukudibana okuveliswe zii-elektroni kunye neegesi zemagnetosphere yile nto yenza ukuba iiproton zikhululeke ngakumbi kwaye zibonakale ngakumbi kwaye ezi auroras zivela. Ngokuqhelekileyo zi-auroras ezimnyama, kodwa njengoko zihamba ngaphaya kwe-magnetosphere zibalekela kwimimandla ye-polar apho ioksijini kunye neeathom ze-nitrogen zibenza zikhangeleke ziqaqambile. Ii-atom kunye neemolekyuli ezifumana amandla ee-elektroni ezivela kumoya welanga zifikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu lamandla azikhupha ngohlobo lokukhanya.
I-polar aurora ihlala ivela phakathi kwe-80 kunye ne-500 km ukuphakama. Kuqhelekile ukuba ukuphakama kwee-auraoras kuveliswa, kokuncinci kuya kubonakala kwaye kunenkcukacha ezincinci. Ukuphakama okuphezulu apho kubhalwe khona i-polar aurora ziikhilomitha ezingama-640.
Ngokubhekiselele kumbala, kuxhomekeka kakhulu kumasuntswana erhasi apho ii-electron zingqubana khona. Iiathom zeoksijini ezingqubana nazo zezona zikhupha ukukhanya okuluhlaza. Xa zingqubana neeathom ze-nitrogen ibonakala inombala phakathi kwe-blue kunye ne-violet. Ukuba iyangqubana neeathom zeoksijini kodwa kubude obungama-241 ukuya kuma-321 km iya kuboniswa ngombala obomvu. Esi sizathu sokuba banokuba nemibala eyahlukeneyo, kodwa zihlala ziluhlaza.
Dynamics ye-polar aurora
Ngokuchasene nenkolelo edumileyo, ayizizo izinto ezinxulumene nobusuku nobumnyama. Ngokuchasene noko, zinokwenzeka nanini na emini. Ingxaki kukuba ngokukhanya kwelanga akubonakali kakuhle kwaye umboniso wendalo awuxatyiswa. Ungcoliseko lokukhanya lukwayenye into ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo.
Ekuboneni kokuqala, kubonakala ngathi i-polar aurora ihlala ime ngaphandle kokuhamba. Nangona kunjalo, xa ifika ezinzulwini zobusuku, iiarches abazenzayo ziqala ukushukuma zide zithathe ubume belifu kwaye zinyamalale xa kusisa.
Ukuba ufuna ukuzibona, awona maxesha kunye neendawo zokujonga ii-auroras polar zisebusuku nakwimimandla ye-polar. Ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha sobusuku bonyaka banokonwabela ii-auroras ze-polar Ke, ukuba ucinga ukuya kubabona, fumana ukuba yeyiphi eyona ndawo kunye nexesha elilungileyo.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga ne-polar aurora.