El ozone (O3) yimolekyuli eyenziwe ziiathom ezintathu zeoksijini. Yenziwa xa iimolekyuli zeoksijini ziba nemincili ngokwaneleyo ukuba ziqhekeke zibe ngamanqanaba amabini ahlukeneyo amandla eoksijini yeathomu, kwaye ukungqubana phakathi kweathom ezahlukeneyo yimbangela ye-ozone. I-allotrope ye-oksijini, oko kukuthi, ngumphumo wokuhlengahlengiswa kwee-athomu ze-oksijini xa iiathomu zikhutshwa. Ngoko ke, lolona hlobo lusebenzayo lweoksijini.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela yonke into oyifunayo ukuba uyazi malunga ne-ozone, iimpawu zayo kunye nokubaluleka kobomi.
Yintoni i-ozone
I-ozone yi-gaseous compound kunye ne-blue hue. Kwimeko yolwelo, Ngumbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kumaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe-115ºC.Eyona nto ibalulekileyo, i-ozone i-oxidizing kakhulu, ngoko inoxanduva lokubulala iintsholongwane, ukuhlanjululwa kunye nokuphelisa iintsholongwane ze-pathogenic, ezifana neentsholongwane, iibhaktheriya, i-fungi, i-molds, i-spores, njl.
I-ozone inokususa ivumba elibi ngokuhlasela ngokuthe ngqo unobangela wevumba elibi (into enukayo) kwaye ayifaki amanye amavumba afana ne-air fresheners ukuzama ukuvala. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye ii-disinfectants, i-ozone yigesi engazinzanga eya kubola ngokukhawuleza ibe yioksijini phantsi kwesenzo sokukhanya, ubushushu, ukothuka kwe-electrostatic, njl.., ngoko ayiyi kushiya iintsalela zeekhemikhali.
I-Ozonization naluphi na unyango olusebenzisa i-ozone. Ezona zicelo ziphambili zolu nyango kukubulala iintsholongwane kokusingqongileyo kunye ne-deodorization kunye nokunyangwa kwamanzi kunye nokucocwa. Ngale ndlela, ii-microorganisms ze-pathogenic kunye nezivumba zinokupheliswa.
I-ozone inokuveliswa ngokufanelekileyo nge-ozone generator okanye i-ozone generator. Ezi zixhobo zitsala ioksijini emoyeni kwaye zivelise ukukhutshwa kombane kwii-electrode (ezibizwa ngokuba "yimpembelelo ye-corona"). Oku kukhuphela yahlula iiathom ezimbini ezenza amasuntswana eoksijini, ethi yona idibanise ezintathu okanye ezintathu zezi athom zenze imolekyuli entsha ebizwa ngokuba yiozone (O3).
Ngoko ke, i-ozone imele eyona ndlela isebenzayo ye-oksijeni, eyenziwe ngee-athomu ezintathu ze-oksijini, ezinokulwa ne-pathogenic kunye / okanye i-organic compounds eyingozi (inxalenye ephambili yongcoliseko lokusingqongileyo).
Sebenzisa
Isenokuba lolona phawu lubalulekileyo lwe-ozone kwaye inezicelo ezininzi. Microorganisms naluphi na uhlobo lobomi ukuba iliso lomntu aliboni kwaye lifuna imikroskopu ukuze lizibone. Iintsholongwane ezibizwa ngokuba zii-pathogens zezo zinokubangela izifo ezosulelayo. Bathanda ukuhlala kuzo zonke iintlobo zomphezulu, zonke iintlobo zolwelo, okanye zidada emoyeni, zikhatshwa ngamasuntswana othuli, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezivaliweyo apho umoya uhlaziywa ngokucothayo.
Ngenxa yeempawu zayo ze-oxidizing, i-ozone ithathwa njengenye yee-microbicides ezikhawulezayo kunye nezona zisebenzayo ezaziwa, ezikwazi ukusebenza kwinani elikhulu lezinto ezincinci, ezifana neebhaktheriya, iintsholongwane, i-fungi kunye ne-spores. Zonke ezi zijongene neengxaki zempilo yabantu kunye nevumba elibi.
I-Ozone yenza ukuba ezi microorganisms zisebenze ngokusabela kunye ne-intracellular enzymes, izinto ze-nucleic acid kunye neimvulophu zabo zeeseli, i-spores kunye ne-viral capsids. Ngoko, Ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa kwezinto zofuzo, i-microorganisms ayikwazi ukuguqula nokuphuhlisa ukuchasana kolu nyango. Indima ye-ozone kukuba i-oxidize iincinci kwi-membrane yeseli ukuqinisekisa ukuba azibonakali kwakhona.
Unyango lwe-ozone alunavumba, ngoko aluxanduva kuphela lokubulala iintsholongwane kunye nokunciphisa naluphi na uhlobo lokuvumba, kodwa aluthethi ukuba ivumba elithile ekupheleni kokusetyenziswa kwayo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-ozone ayivelisi nayiphi na i-residu, njengoko i-particle engazinzile, ijwayele ukubuyela kwimo yangaphambili, i-oksijeni (i-O2), ngoko ke, ihlonipha indalo kunye nemveliso, kunye nokuqinisekisa inhlalakahle yabantu.
Omnye umsebenzi we-ozone kukuba unokuphelisa naluphi na uhlobo lwevumba elingathandekiyo ngaphandle kokushiya intsalela. Olu hlobo lonyango luluncedo kakhulu kwiindawo ezivaliweyo apho umoya awunakuhlaziywa rhoqo. Kulo hlobo lwesithuba, ukuba inani elikhulu labantu lingena, ukuvumba okungathandekiyo (icuba, ukutya, umswakama, ukujuluka, njl.) Kuya kuveliswa ngenxa yemiphumo yeamolekyu emisiwe kunye ne-microorganisms ezahlukeneyo kuyo.
Kukho izizathu ezimbini zokuhlaselwa kwe-ozone: ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-oxidizes i-organic matter, ngaphandle kokuyihlasela nge-ozone, kwaye ngakolunye uhlangothi, ihlasela i-microorganisms ezondla kuyo. I-ozone inokuhlasela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuvumba. Konke kuxhomekeke kubume bezinto ezibangela iphunga. Ngokusekwe kule propati, unokumisela ukuba sesichengeni sakho kwi-ozone kunye nethamo elifunekayo ukukhupha i-ozone.
Umphezulu we-ozone
Iozone ngumkhuseli obalulekileyo wobomi kumphezulu woMhlaba. Oku kungenxa yomsebenzi wayo njengesihluzo esikhuselayo kwimitha ye-ultraviolet evela eLangeni Iozone inoxanduva lokufunxa ubukhulu becala imitha yeLanga ekubude bobude obuphakathi kwama-280 kunye nama-320 nm.
Xa imitha yelanga ye-ultraviolet iwela kwi-ozone, imolekyuli iye yehle iye kwioksijin yeatom kunye neoksijini eqhelekileyo. Xa ioksijini eqhelekileyo kunye neatomic iphinda idibane kwi-stratosphere baphinde babuye benze i-ozone molecule. Ezi mpendulo zihlala zihlala kwi-stratosphere kunye ne-ozone kunye neoksijini zihlala ngaxeshanye.
I-ozone iveliswa ikakhulu xa iimolekyuli zeoksijini zifumana isixa esikhulu samandla. Xa oku kusenzeka, ezi molekyuli zijika zibe ziiradicals zeathom yeoksijini. Le gesi ayizinzanga kakhulu, ngoko xa idibana nenye imolekyuli yeoksijini eqhelekileyo, iya kudityaniswa yenze iozone. Oku kusabela kwenzeka rhoqo kwimizuzwana emibini okanye njalo.
Kule meko, umthombo wamandla weoksijini eqhelekileyo yimitha yelanga evela elangeni. Imitha ye-Ultraviolet ngunobangela wokubola kweoksijini yeeoyile kwioksijini yeatom. Xa ii-athomu kunye neemolekyuli zeoksijini yeemolekyuli zidibana kwaye zenza i-ozone, itshatyalaliswa yimitha yelanga ngokwayo.
Umaleko weozone uyaqhubeka ukwenza kunye nokutshabalalisa iimolekyuli zeozone, ioksijini yeemolekyuli kunye neoksijini yeatom. Ngale ndlela, umlinganiso onamandla uveliswa apho i-ozone itshatyalaliswa kwaye yenziwe. Le yindlela i-ozone esebenza ngayo njengecebo lokucoca ulwelo elingavumeli imitha eyingozi ukuba idlule emhlabeni.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga ne-ozone kunye neempawu zayo.