IMadrid ifumene iilitha ezingama-33 zekhephu ngemitha yesikwere kwiiyure ezingama-24 ngokweNational Meteorological Service, eyenze ukuba uFilomena abe likhephu elibi kakhulu ukususela ngo-1971. incediswa yi-UME. Kwezinye izibhedlele, kwenziwa iishifti ezimbini kuba abasebenzi bebengafiki kwaye abanye bebengakwazi ukuhamba. Nangona kunjalo, zikho ezinye ngokwembali ikhephu eMadrid ezikwafanele ukuxelwa.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, siza kunikela eli nqaku ukuba sikuxelele malunga neemvula zekhephu zembali eMadrid, zeziphi iimpawu zabo kunye neziphumo eziye zaba nazo.
Imbali yekhephu eMadrid
1654, 1655 kunye ne-1864
Inkonzo yeSizwe yeMeteorological (AEMET) igxininise kwi-ephemeris yayo ukuba ngoNovemba 21, 1654 kwakukho "ikhephu elinamandla" eMadrid. Yayiza kuba sisiqalo sobusika obubandayo, obaphela ngoFebruwari 3, 1655, kunye "nesiqingatha semitha yekhephu" kunye "nengqele enamandla" kwikomkhulu. Ngokubhekiselele kwintonga ephakathi, zi malunga ne-41,8 cm.
Umhla olandelayo ophawulweyo wawungoDisemba 23, 1864, kwaye "ikhephu elinzima" lenzeka kwakhona, umbhalo ongekho ngcaciso engaphezulu.
1904
"Kwakuyinto engaqhelekanga kunye neyodwa" ukuqokelela i-AEMET ngexesha lekhephu likaNovemba 29, 1904, elifikelele "ubukhulu bemitha enye enesiqingatha kwezinye iipaki kunye neendlela."
1950
NgoDisemba 6, 1950 "yayiyeyona ibalulekileyo, ukuba ayiyona inkulu, kunye nekhephu elibalulekileyo," iinkcukacha ze-AEMET. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iingcali uJorge González Márquez noMiguel González Márquez babika "I-Snowfall eMadrid phakathi kwe-1960 kunye ne-2005" "Uphononongo luchaze ukuba kwakukho ikhephu elininzi emva kwemini", kwaye izikhombisi zibonise ukuba ikhephu lalilungele. isiqingatha sonyaka. ubude beemitha ezitalatweni ». Bathetha ulwazi “Kuyakrokrisa, kuba xa ujonga amaphephandaba ubunokubona ukuba ubungqimba abufikeleli kwiisentimitha ezili-10. “Ukuwa kwekhephu kukhatshwe ziindudumo kunye nemimoya ebhudla ngamandla.
1952
Ngemva kwemini kaJanuwari 26 kunye nentsasa ye-27 kaJanuwari, iMadrid irekhode "enye yezona zikhulu zekhephu ezaziwayo, ezinobunzima beesentimitha ezingama-30."
1957
Kwakhona ikhephu eMadrid ngo-Oktobha 2, 1957. Kule meko, imvula erekhodiweyo ayiphawulekayo, kodwa "i-snowfall yokuqala (ikhephu) kwi-capital" igxininiswe yi-AEMET. Abaphandi uGonzález noGonzález bongezelela kwisiqendu: "Kuyabonakala ukuba ngo-Oktobha 31, i-1956 nayo ikhephu, nangona incinci kakhulu, ebonisa ukuba le nto yenzeka kwiinyanga ezimbini ezilandelelanayo ngo-Oktobha."
NgoJanuwari 19, 1957, kwawa ikhephu kwi-7 ukuya kwi-8 cm imini yonke..
1963
Kwawa ikhephu ngoFebruwari 1, 1963, kwaza kwaphinda kwabakho phakathi kweye-3 neye-4 ekuseni. Kukho amaxesha ukuya kuthi ga kwi-16 cm kunye neqabaka eyomeleleyo elandelayo. Emva koko "wacela intsebenziswano yomkhosi ukunciphisa imeko" ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezinto ezikwazi ukucoca ikhephu kunye nomkhenkce.
1971
Ukususela ngomhla wesi-7 ukuya kumhla we-9 kuMatshi, ngowe-1971, ikhephu lalikhephuke ngokungayekiyo eMadrid. Yayiyenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zekhephu ezaziwayo, zombini ubukhulu obuqokelelweyo kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ixesha elide, njengoko ikhephu laliwela iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, liqala emva kwemini ye-7 kwaye liqhubeke kude kube kusasa nge-9. Ecaphula amazwi eengcaphephe. Emva koko iisentimitha ezingama-20 ukuya kwezingama-30 ziqokelelwe, "abantu batyibilika eParque del Oeste.”. E-Barajas, ngokuchaseneyo, "ubunzima abuzange bufike kwi-5 cm". Ngoku, i-AEMET iqinisekisa ukuba ikhephu langoku lelona lityebileyo ukusukela ngo-1971.
1977
Ngokuphathelele ikhephu likaDisemba 29, 1977, abaphandi bophando olukhankanywe ngasentla bachaza ukuba lufikelele kwi-22 cm, kwaye ukuqokelela kwekhephu kwaqhubeka iintsuku ezininzi.
1986
Umhla we-11 ka-Epreli 1986 awuzange uphawulelwe imvula, kodwa ngenxa yenyaniso engaqhelekanga yokuba ikhephu lalikhephuke kade entwasahlobo.
1984
Ngomnyaka we-1984, xa i-15 cm yekhephu yawa ekuqaleni kwe-27 kunye ne-28 kaFebruwari, kwakubonakala ngathi ubusika buza kuphela ngaphandle kwekhephu elilodwa eliwela kwi-capital.
1997
Ngobusuku beshumi elinesibini kuJanuwari 5, 1997, "ikhephu eliyimbali" lagubungela "phantse lonke iphondo", kunye namaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe-zero nasemini. Abaphandi bachaza ukuba kuphela i-2 cm eqokelelwe kwindawo esenyakatho yeso sixeko, kodwa 10 cm kwiindawo ezifana Fuenlabrada. Kwezinye iidolophu ezisezantsi, ezifana neValdemoro okanye iCiempozuelos, ubukhulu bu malunga ne-4 cm. Ikhephu kwakhona ngomhla we-7, kwaye i-capital yayilinganisa i-5 cm.
2005
Ngokusondeleyo kukuwa kwekhephu ngoFebruwari 23, 2005. IMadrid ayizange ibone isiganeko esifanayo ukususela kwi-1984, abaphandi bacaphula. Ngeli xesha umhlaba ugutyungelwe malunga ne-10 cm yekhephu.
2009
Isalathiso samva nje nesityebileyo nguFebruwari 23, 2009, ngosuku ngaphezu kwesiqhelo xa kuthelekiswa no-2005, ngolunye usuku lwekhephu elikhulu kwikomkhulu. Ngokugubungela umhlaba ukuya kuthi ga kwi-15 cm, isikhululo seenqwelomoya saseBarajas kunye nothungelwano oluninzi lwendlela luye lwafumana amaxesha esiphithiphithi, kunye nenqwaba yeemoto ezibambeke kwi-A6 ngobusuku. Naye kwafuneka aye e-UME.
Kutheni ikhephu lincinci eMadrid?
Embindini wepeninsula, kuhlala kukho ikhephu rhoqo ebusika, kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha kusenokubakho amaxesha amade ekhephu. Ngale ndlela, iqhele ukwenzeka ikakhulu kwiindawo ezingqonge iSierra de Guadarrama, apho iimeteors ezithambileyo ziqhelekile kuba indawo yokuphakama iyangena. Oku kungundoqo xa kuphawula umgca wokwahlula phakathi kweendawo ezinekhephu okanye iindawo ezinemvula kwiimeko ezininzi.
I-snowfall yembali kwisixeko saseMadrid isoloko ivela kwiimeko kwi-quadrant yesibini (E-SE-S), ezinxulumene nezaqhwithi ezidlula kwindawo esemazantsi yepeninsula kwaye zikwazi ukutofa umoya omanzi kakhulu ekufudukeni kwazo. Ngoko ke, iimeko zekhephu ezifanelekileyo kakhulu zingena ngaphambili ukusuka kumzantsi-ntshona, xa iimvula zihlala zininzi. Ukongezelela koku kukungena komoya obandayo onamandla ovela kuMbindi Yurophu.
Kweli khephu linzima, zombini iimeko zenzeke, kunye noxinzelelo lwepolar. Ukongeza, ijografi nayo inendima ebalulekileyo. Kule meko, ukuphakama. Isixeko saseMadrid simi kuma-667 eemitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. Nangona kunjalo, IMadrid yayinerekhodi lekhephu, kwaye emantla, kodwa kwakungekho nekhephu elinzima kwikomkhulu laseSpain.
Phantsi kwezi meko, iSierra de Guadarrama ivalele ukuya emazantsi omoya obandayo. Nangona ezi khephu zimanzi ngokwentelekiso kwaye zinesisa, oku kwekhephu kwenzeka ikakhulu kwikwindla esemantla yomqobo weentaba, maxa wambi kukho ikhephu elininzi.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nembali yekhephu eMadrid kunye nemiphumo yayo.