Olunye lwamathandabuzo kukuba ingaba ngokupheleleyo yiminerali okanye ilitye. Sithetha nge-mineraloid eyenziwe yimpembelelo yombane kunye nobume bayo bubungqina bemilo yesi siganeko somoya. IFulgurite yaziwa kakuhle kwaye yeyamalungu e mineraloids awaziwa njenge lechatelierite.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela ngazo zonke iimpawu, imvelaphi kunye neempawu zefigurite.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Sitshilo ukuba yi I-mineraloid eyenziwe ngumbane. Inyani yokuba uhlobo lwezimbiwa lwenziwe sisitrayikhi sombane inomdla ngokwaneleyo ukuba iphande ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko siphanda, sifumanisa indlela emangalisa ngayo le mineraloid. Igama le-fulgurite livela kwigama elithi fulgur, ngesiLatin elithetha umbane. Banokuba ngabasemigodini esemthethweni eyaziwayo ngegama lechatelierite. Ziyizakhiwo ze-amorphous ezinomxholo ophezulu we-silicon oxide. Ukuze i-mineraloid ithathelwe ingqalelo kweli qela, kufuneka iphantse yenziwe ngokukodwa yi-silica.
Kukho olunye uhlobo lwe-fulgurite olwenziwe ngezinye izinto. Ezinye zazo zenziwe kumhlaba wodongwe kunye nezinye iintlobo zamatye ezikwiqela leemetamorphic.
Iipropati zefulgurite
Le mineraloid ubukhulu becala yenziwe ngesanti ecekeceke. Ukwenziwa kweekhemikhali kunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubume bendawo ekubunjwe kuyo. Kuyaxhomekeka nakwingingqi yehlabathi apho umbane ubethileyo. Uninzi lwee-fulgurites zinako iqulethe ixabiso elincinci le-aluminium oxide, titaniumnjl. Kufuneka zenziwe ikakhulu nge-silica oxide. Umzekelo, esinye sezizathu zokuba kutheni ezinye ii-fulgurites zinemibala phakathi komdaka kunye nohlaza luhlobo lwenyamakazi efumaneka kwi-iron oxide.
Kukho uluhlu olubanzi lwemibala kwaye ungayifumana le mineraloid ukusukela kumhlophe, ukutyheli ukuya kumnyama. Ulwakhiwo olunazo ngokupheleleyo lunokuba krwada. Ukuba sihlalutya inkangeleko ye-fulgurite, siyabona ukuba irhabaxa kwaye ineemilo ezifanayo neengcambu zomthi. Uninzi lweengcambu zimile okweqanda.
Ukuqulunqwa kwefulgurite
Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, imvelaphi yale mineraloid ivela kwisitrayikhi sombane. Ukusuka kwezi zinto zinamandla okukhutshwa kombane, olu hlobo lwe-mineraloid lunokwenziwa. Ukuze i-fulguritas Kuthatha ubuncinci i-1600-2000 degrees yobushushu ukwenza. Oososayensi baqikelela ukuba amandla ombane ahluka phakathi kwe-1-30 megajoules ngemitha nganye.
Ngomzuzu wesitrayikhi sombane siyazi ukuba sihamba sihamba emhlabeni. Kungalo mzuzu xa unyibilika kwaye ubangela ukudibana kwezinto zomhlaba. Kukho ingqokelela etyebileyo esantini okanye kudongwe enokunyibilika kumbane. Ngale ndlela, izakhiwo ezinobumba ngendlela yeetyhubhu ziveliswa Banokulinganisa ukusuka kwisentimitha ezimbalwa ukuya kwi-15 leemitha ubude.
Kwimizekelo emininzi ubungqina bokuvulwa okumxinwa kweglasi etyhidiweyo kunokushiywa ezindongeni zangaphakathi. Ngaphandle, sinokuthi siqwalasele uburhabaxa obukrwada obenziwe ngegranules kunye namatye amancinci. Ubume obumangalisayo bangaphakathi benzeka xa sihlalutya i-fulgurite ngokusebenzisa imicroscope ye-elektroniki.
Ngokwe-composition kunye ne-morphology, i-fulgurite inokuhlelwa kwiindidi ezininzi:
- Inxalenye yesanti: Yiyo eveliswayo xa isiteleka sombane siwela kumhlaba onesanti.
- Udongwe lweFulgurite: iqhele ukwenziwa xa ukubetha kombane kwenzeka kwimihlaba enobuninzi bobumba kwaye kuvelise olunye uhlobo lolwakhiwo kule mineraloid.
- Intlenga yeCalcium: Olunye uhlobo olunenani elikhulu lekhalsiyam ngohlobo lwezinto ezinqwenelekayo.
- Iliwa eligcwele: ihlala ihlala kwamanye amatye kunye nakuzo zombini izakhiwo. Zihlala zikhulu ngokobukhulu kwaye zinobunzima obuphezulu.
- Iimpawu ezigcweleyo: zinokuba zingqukuva okanye zimile okwezantsi.
Amachibi kunye nokusetyenziswa
Ekuqaleni kwenqaku sichaze ukuba le mineraloid inokufumaneka kwihlabathi liphela. Siyazi ukuba yonke imihla amawaka ombane abetha umhlaba. Nangona ngokuthe ngqo esixekweni esihlala kuso, akukho mbane ubethayo, zihlala ziwela kwiindawo zendalo ezingahlaliyo. Ukuze umbane ubethe umphezulu womhlaba, kufuneka kubekho iimeko ezifanelekileyo kuwo.
Iindawo endizithandayo ukujonga iidipozithi zale mineraloid yintlango, iindunduma zonxweme kunye nasezintabeni. Kwilizwekazi laseMelika ukubetha kombane ngakumbi, ngenxa yoko kukho iidipozithi ezithile ezibonakalayo ze-fulgurite. Baye bafunyanwa kwi Amanxweme aseMaldonado, intlango yaseAtacama, intlango yaseSonora nakwimimandla yase-Utah, eArizona naseMichigan. Omnye wemithombo edumileyo ye-fulgurite yintlango yaseSahara, ebekwe kwilizwekazi laseAfrika.
Njengoko kulindelwe, abantu bazisebenzisa ezi zakhiwo. Izicelo zibaluleke ngokucacileyo kwindawo yonke yesayensi. Kwaye, enkosi kolu qeqesho, kunokwenzeka ukuba uvuselele indlela yokuziphatha kwimozulu yangaphambili kwimimandla ethile. Ngokusetyenziswa kwale mineraloid, kunokwenzeka ukuba wazi iimeko zokusingqongileyo ezikhoyo kwingingqi ethile kumawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo. Eli candelo liyimfuneko ukuba sifuna ukuqonda utshintsho lwemozulu.
Ewe kunjalo, bekulindelwe ukuba abantu bakwazile ukuba neFulgurite kwiindlela ezingezizo. Ukuqwalaselwa kuyo kunokuba yingozi, kuba kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa i-arc yombane eneentambo eziphezulu. Ukuba ayenziwanga kakuhle inokuba yingozi kakhulu. Sithetha ngokusebenza ngombane. Esi sesona sizathu sokuba i-fulgurite ithande ukuba nexabiso eliphezulu ngokuzenzekelayo kunendalo.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga ne-fulgurite kunye neempawu zayo.