Siyasetyenziswa, ngelishwa, ukubona iziphumo zotshintsho lwemozulu. Ihlabathi elishushu elishushu kunye neziphumo zokunyuka ngokuthe chu kunye nokuqhubekayo kubushushu. Izinto ezininzi esizibonayo zisenzeka namhlanje zazingafani nakuqala. Ikhaya lethu, uMhlaba, ubusoloko unamaxesha ashushu nawomkhenkce. Imbali yoluntu inde ngokwaneleyo ukuba sibe namava eminyaka yokugqibela yomkhenkce. Eyadlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwimbali yethu kulwandiso lwenani labantu kwihlabathi liphela. Esinye seziganeko ezibalulekileyo ngokungathandabuzekiyo yayikukufika kwabantu kwilizwekazi laseMelika.
Kwaye oko Kukho iingcamango ezininzi malunga nendlela abantu abafika ngayo eMelika. Kuzo zonke, Enye yezona zinto zibambekayo nezingqinekayo kukuba bawele i "Beringia Bridge". Ikwabizwa ngokuba yiBeringia nje. Isangqa esipheleleyo esibomvu emfanekisweni sibonisa ibhulorho enkulu eyaqala kwiminyaka engama-40.000 XNUMX eyadlulayo. Kubalwa oko umntu wayenokuwela iminyaka engama-20.000 XNUMX eyadlulayo ehamba, ngelixesha ulwandle lwalwehle nge-120 leemitha.
Wawunjani umhlaba wethu ngelo xesha?
Umfanekiso othathwe kwiiMephu zikaGoogle zoLwandle lweBering apho iBridge yeBeringia ibikhona
Umkhenkce wagubungela indawo enkulu. Phantse kathathu ngaphezu komndilili wangoku. Ubushushu obuphakathi kwiplanethi yethu babungu-10ºC ngaphantsi komndilili wangoku we-15ºC. I-Beringia Bridge, eyinxalenye ephawulwe ngesangqa esibomvu, yenza indlela yokuwela omabini amazwekazi. Ngexesha glaciation, amanqanaba ulwandle lehla. Kananjalo, iindawo ezingamanzi ziyaqina. Njengoko siphawulile, umkhenkce omkhenkce wawukhulu kakhulu. Kwaye ngenxa yempucuko yokufuduka, yayilisango lokuya kwihlabathi elitsha.
Baye bahamba nge-Northeast Asia, iRussia yanamhlanje, begqitha ngeBeringia Bridge, uLwandle lweBering lwangoku, bafika kwiAmerican Northwest, namhlanje yiAlaska. Izinto ezivela kookhokho bethu zifunyenwe, eziqhelekileyo zenkcubeko ababenayo. Izinto ezifanayo, eziluncedo ezifanayo, zisikiwe zenziwa ngendlela efanayo.
Ukuphela kwexesha lomkhenkce
Amaqondo obushushu imvelaphi
Kwiminyaka engama-5.000 XNUMX kamva, Malunga neminyaka engama-15.000 eyadlulayo, kwaphela ixesha lomkhenkce. Ngequbuliso, iqondo lobushushu lenyuka kwi-1 ukuya kwi-3 iminyaka elandelayo. Ngokwengxelo zeepaleoclimatologists, ngubani onokufunda utshintsho kwimozulu kule minyaka ili-125.000 idlulileyo ngumkhenkce ngokusebenza okumangalisayo. Njengokuba ngendlela ngenxa yenkululeko ye-CO2 eyayigcinwe eAntarctica, njengoko uphando lwamva nje kunye nophando lubonisa. Iziko laseBarcelona lezeNzululwazi ngezeNdalo kunye neTekhnoloji lithathe inxaxheba koku.
Iplanethi yaqala ukuzinza kwakhona. Abaphambukeli bethu abanesibindi bekhangela ukusinda, baqhubeka nokuhamba ukusuka emantla ukuya emazantsi kulo lonke elaseMelika. Imikhenkce yomkhenkce yaqala ukwehla, inqanaba lolwandle lalinyuka kwakhona, kunye nalo, indawo apho omabini amazwekazi atywinwa ukusukela ngoko. Kude kwaba ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-500 eyadlulayo, kwaye ngokusesikweni, yomibini impucuko yayiza kudibana kwakhona, iphuhliswe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
IPaleoclimatology. Ubuchule kunye neemfihlo zomkhenkce
Iipaleoclimatologists zisebenzisa ubuchule obahlukeneyo bokufumana i-paleoclimates. Umzekelo, umxholo wentlenga, apho ukusuka kwikhemistri yamatye okanye i-fossilised sediment yokufumanisa izilwanyana, iintyatyambo, iplankton, umungu ... Enye indlela iya kuba yi-dendroclimatology, apho ulwazi lutsalwa khona kwimisesane yemithi efriziweyo. Amakhorali aya kubona i-Tº yenqanaba lomphezulu elwandle. Amanqanaba e-sedimentary apho inqanaba lolwandle linokukhutshelwa, libonisa utshintsho olukhulu lwe-paleoclimatic. Kwaye kwimeko yomkhenkce, ezona zisetyenzisiweyo zihlala zihlala zilandelayo:
paleopollen
Phakathi kwamacwecwe omkhenkce ayenziweyo kwaye ahlanganisiweyo unyaka nonyaka, sinokufumana i-paleopolen. Oku kuvumela ukuqikelela ukuba loluphi uhlaza olwalukho ngaloo minyakaNakuloo mlotha kukho intaba-mlilo ethile.
Umoya
Umoya obanjiswe ngohlobo lwee-microbubbles ngumthombo wolwazi olungena ngaphakathi ngenxa ukwakhiwa kwayo okunceda ukufumanisa ukuba loluphi uhlobo lomoya owawukho ngelo xesha.
Isotopu ezinzileyo
Ngomphunga wamanzi, kunye numahluko omncinci kwii-isotop ezinzileyo Ezigcinwe emkhenkceni ngenxa yobunzima obungaphantsi kwe-hydrogen kunye neoksijini, unxibelelwano lufunyenwe phakathi kwamaxesha ahlukeneyo.