Njengoko sisazi, izixeko ezininzi zinezinto ze-iconic ezikhethekileyo nezikhethekileyo. Kule meko, siza kuthetha ngayo Iwotshi yeenkwenkwezi yasePrague. Luphawu lwePrague kwaye inomsebenzi onomdla kakhulu. Yadalwa ngonyaka ka-1410 kwaye bathi bazisa amashwa xa iyeka ukusebenza.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela indlela esebenza ngayo iwotshi yeenkwenkwezi yasePrague kunye namanye amabali ayo.
Prague iwotshi yeenkwenkwezi
Oku kufuneka ubone ukuba uya ePrague. Iwotshi yeenkwenkwezi yesi sixeko yenye yezona zinto zinomtsalane kubakhenkethi emva kwayo, kwaye asiyonto incinci. Inebali elinyanzelisayo (kunye nesithethe) elinokuguqulwa libe yinoveli okanye imuvi. Yaziswa ngo-1410 nguJan Ruze, ineminyaka engama-605 ukususela ngoko.
Ibali lakhe, njengoko bendithetha, lineenkcukacha ezininzi ezimangalisayo: bamfamekisa umakhi oyintloko, bamthintela ekubuyiseleni umlindo onjalo, abathi abanye babone njengekhubalo ukugcina isixeko sikhuselekile ... Namhlanje sibeka yonke ingqalelo yethu ekusebenzeni kwayo. njengoko iminyaka ihamba kwaye itekhnoloji iyaqhubeka nokubhenela kuyo nayiphi na iwotshi ye-analog kunye neenkqubo ezithandwayo.
Ukusebenza
Iwotshi yePrague yeAstronomical Clock ibonakalisa uyilo lweastrolabe enoyilo olunamacandelo amathathu olukwaziyo ukuphawula imizuzu emihlanu ngaxeshanye. Phezulu, phakathi kwezivalo zimbini, sinopopayi weqonga labaPostile Abalishumi Elinambini. Ngamnye kubo ushiya yonke imizuzu engama-60 ukubonisa ukuba ngubani ixesha. Amanani ala maxesha ngakumbi kunewotshi kunye nemihla yenkulungwane ye-XNUMX.
Emazantsi sinekhalenda enemifanekiso yeenyanga kunye namaxesha onyaka, ekwabonisa abangcwele ngosuku ngalunye lonyaka. Omabini amalungu axabisekileyo kwaye anomdla omkhulu wobugcisa, kodwa i-jewel yale wotshi iphakathi komzimba. Esi siqwenga saqala sayilwa ngo-1410.
Iwotshi iyakwazi ukuxela ixesha ngeendlela ezintlanu ezahlukeneyo, yaye inkqubo yayo yamalungu asebenza ngomatshini yenye yezona zinto zifuna ukwazi. Kwelinye icala, sinelanga legolide elijikeleza isangqa se-ecliptic, lenza intshukumo eyi-elliptical. Eli cwecwe liyakwazi ukusibonisa iiyure ezintathu ngexesha: indawo yezandla zegolide kwiinombolo zamaRoma ibonisa ixesha ePrague. Njengoko isandla siwela umgca wegolide, sibonisa iiyure kwixesha elingalinganiyo, kwaye ekugqibeleni, kwiringi yangaphandle, iiyure emva kokuphuma kwelanga ngokwexesha laseBohemian.
Okwesibini, iyakwazi ukubonisa ixesha phakathi kokuphuma nokutshona kwelanga. Kwinkqubo eyahlulwe "iiyure" ezilishumi elinambini. Inkqubo ibekwe kumgama ophakathi kwelanga kunye nombindi wengqukuva. Imilinganiselo iyahluka ngokwexesha lonyaka, kuba imini ingezizo iiyure ezilishumi elinesibini zokukhanya, ingezizo iiyure ezilishumi elinesibini zobusuku. Eyokuqala ixesha elide ehlotyeni kwaye ngokuchaseneyo ebusika. Yiyo loo nto iimpawu zocaphulo zisetyenziselwa ukuthetha ngeeyure kule wotshi esembindini.
Okwesithathu, kumda wangaphandle wewotshi, sibhala amanani kwiskripthi segolide seSchwabacher. Bajongene nokubonisa ixesha, njengoko senzayo eBohemia. Iqala ukuphawulwa ngo-1 emva kwemini. Iringi ihamba unyaka wonke ukuze ihambelane nexesha lelanga.
Imiba ebalulekileyo yewotshi yeenkwenkwezi yasePrague
Emva koko siye sibe nomsesane wezodiac onoxanduva lokubonisa indawo elikuyo ilanga kwi-ecliptic, eyigophe lomhlaba "elihambayo" lijikeleza ilanga. Ukuba ungumlandeli wezodiac, uya kufumanisa ukuba ulandelelwano lwala makroza sisichasi sewotshi, kodwa sikho isizathu sokuba kubekho eli lungiselelo.
Umyalelo wamakhonkco ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kweprojekthi ye-stereoscopic yendiza ye-ecliptic esekelwe kwi-North Pole. Isenokubonakala ingaqhelekanga, kodwa eli lungiselelo likwakho nakwezinye iiwotshi zeenkwenkwezi.
Ekugqibeleni, sinenyanga ebonisa izigaba zesathelayithi zethu zendalo. Ukunyakaza kufana ne-master watch, kodwa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Njengoko ubona, onke amaqhuqhuva ale wotshi yeenkwenkwezi akule centrosome, hayi, asikagqibi, kuba kusekho ububunye.
Umlindo uqukethe i-disc esisigxina phakathi kunye neediski ezimbini ezijikelezayo ezizimeleyo ezisebenza ngokuzimeleyo: i-zodiac ring kunye nomda wangaphandle obhalwe kwi-Schwabacher. Ngaloo ndlela, inezandla ezintathu: isandla, ilanga elidlulayo ukusuka phezulu ukuya phezulu, lisebenza njengesandla sesibini, kwaye okwesithathu, isandla esineenkwenkwezi zeenkwenkwezi ezixhunyiwe kwi-zodiac.
Isiqalekiso sewotshi
Ingxelo ithi umchweli owayidala ngo-1410 wenza umsebenzi obalaseleyo kangangokuba abantu ababeyithumile bafuna ukuqiniseka ukuba akayi kuphinda ukuze ayenze ibe yodwa ehlabathini, yaye bamfanyekisa amehlo.
Ngempindezelo, wakhwela ewotshini waza wamisa isixhobo sakhe, kwangaxeshanye, ngokungummangaliso, intliziyo yakhe yayeka ukubetha. Ukususela ngoko, kwakukholelwa ukuba ukuhamba kwezandla zayo nokuxhentsa kwamanani ayo kuqinisekisa uphuhliso oluhle lwesi sixeko, nokuba iwotshi iyeka ukusebenza yayiza kuzisa amashwa ePrague.
Ekuhambeni kwexesha iyure nganye, lo mboniso untsonkothileyo wawukrolwa ngelizama ukuthomalalisa imimoya yesi sibini ebudeni beenyanga ababezifihle ngasemva kweseyile, yaye waqhubeka umangalisa amakhulu abantu ngobuchwephesha bawo obuphambili. Unobangela okhawulezileyo okanye into eyenzekayo kukuba kuphela kwexesha olenzileyo Kwakungonyaka wama-2002 xa umlambo iVltava waphuphumayo kwaye isixeko safumana izandyondyo zemvula enkulu kwimbali yaso. Ngoko xa iwotshi kaJanuwari yagqiba kwelokuba ivale iwotshi ukuyilungisa, kwabakho uhlobo loloyiko (kunye nokuphoxeka kwabatyeleli) phakathi kwabamelwane bayo ababeneenkolelo ezingakumbi.
Iwotshi inekhalenda esetyhula eneembasa ezimele iinyanga zonyaka; amanqwanqwa amabini-elikhulu, eliphakathi-; i-astronomical quadrant eyayisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ixesha kumaXesha Aphakathi (yaye iphawula ixesha kuMbindi Yurophu naseBhabhiloni, kwakunye nendawo ezimi kuyo iinkwenkwezi) nemibala yazo nganye inentsingiselo: obomvu kukusa nokutshona kwelanga; umnyama, ubusuku; kunye neblue, imini.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga newotshi yeenkwenkwezi yasePrague kunye neempawu zayo.