Abantu abaninzi bayazibuza ukuba inkxalabo eyenziwa yimpembelelo yesiphango selanga eMhlabeni ifanelekile. Ukuqonda ubunjani besaqhwithi selanga, imiphumo yaso enokwenzeka kuthi, kunye nokuphonononga iimeko ezidlulileyo zezaqhwithi zelanga kunokusinika ulwazi oluthile. I Isaqhwithi selanga iCannibal yafika eMhlabeni nge-1 kaDisemba 2023 kwaye yayinamandla kakhulu.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela yonke into oyifunayo ukuba uyazi malunga nobungozi beziphepho zelanga kunye neenkcukacha ze-Cannibal solar storm.
Imijikelo yelanga
Xa amandla emagnethi ekhutshelwa kumphezulu weLanga, kubakho isaqhwithi selanga, eyona nto ikukugqabhuka kwemitha. Olu gqabhuko-dubulo luqhubela isixa esikhulu serhasi eshushu, eyenziwe ngombane ihydrogen kunye nehelium, iye emajukujukwini ngesantya esikhawulezayo.
Phantse yonke iminyaka eyi-11, ILanga lihamba nomjikelo wamanqanaba aguqukayo omsebenzi. Ngethuba lesigaba esincinci, inani le-sunspots lincinci, ngelixa kwisigaba esiphezulu, ubuninzi be-sunspots bunokubonwa, obunokubangela ukubonakala kweziphepho zelanga.
Ziyintoni iimpembelelo zesaqhwithi selanga eMhlabeni?
Iplanethi yethu ikhuselwe yi-magnetosphere, eyenziwe yintsimi yethu yamagnetic kwaye iyasikhusela kwiincinci ezininzi ezikhutshwa yiLanga Xa isivunguvungu selanga sifika, sidibana ne-magnetosphere, sisebenzisana nentsimi yamagnetic yomhlaba kwaye sivumela ukudlula kwamasuntswana. La masuntswana emva koko achaphazela umoya ojikeleze iipali, okukhokelela kwinto eyaziwa ngokuba yi-auroras.
Kubonwa kwisijikelezi-langa sethu, izaqhwithi zelanga zizibonakalisa njengokuhla okwethutyana kumandla ombane. Oku kuncipha ngokubanzi kuyaqhubeka isithuba esiziiyure ezi-6 ukuya kwezili-12 phambi kokuba sibuyele ngokuthe ngcembe kumanqanaba aqhelekileyo ekuhambeni kweentsuku ezininzi. Umbuzo usamile: ngaba izaqhwithi zelanga zinefuthe ngokwenene kubomi apha eMhlabeni?
Ukusebenza kweenkqubo ezininzi zobuchwepheshe esixhomekeke kuzo kusengozini kwiziganeko ezinxulumene nendawo. Xa kukho uqhwithela lwelanga, imisinga yombane enamandla inokuphazamisana neegridi zamandla, unxibelelwano ngesathelayithi, kwanokuphazamisa iinkqubo zeGPS. Ngenxa yoko, iinqwelo-moya zorhwebo ezibhabha kufutshane neepali zinokuba neengxaki zonxibelelwano.
Ukongeza, xa i-spacecraft ibonakaliswe kula masuntswana ngexesha lesaqhwithi selanga, banokufumana i-anomalies yokusebenza, umonakalo izixhobo ze-elektroniki, ukuwohloka kweepaneli zelanga kunye nokuwohloka kweenkqubo zamehlo ezinjengeekhamera kunye ne-stellar sensors.
Kwiiyure nje ezingephi, oosomajukujuku banokugqitha imida yabo evunyelweyo yokuba sesichengeni kumasuntswana aphuma kwizaqhwithi zelanga.
Oku kunayiphi impembelelo kwimpilo yabantu?
Ngokwempembelelo yazo ebantwini, ezi ziganeko ngokwesiqhelo azibeki isoyikiso ngqo kwimpilo yabantu kuba umoya ojikeleze umhlaba kunye nemagnethi zibonelela ngokhuseleko. Nangona kunjalo, zinokuchaphazela ngokungangqalanga impilo yabantu, ngakumbi xa kufikwa koosomajukujuku esithubeni okanye abantu aba Bahamba ngenqwelomoya kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, apho ukhuselo lwemitha lungasebenzi kakuhle.
Ukubakho kweziphumo ezibi zempilo kuvela xa ezi meko zikhokelela ekukhuselekeni okwandisiweyo kwimitha, ebeka umngcipheko wokuvezwa. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba impembelelo kwimpilo yabantu ayinakwenzeka xa ifika kumphezulu woMhlaba.
Unyaka ka-2024 kulindeleke ukuba uzise ixesha lobuninzi belanga
Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, iLanga, nangona lisenokubonakala ngathi lisibhakabhaka esingenakwaphulwa, ibonise ukuba ukuziphatha kwayo akumi ndawonye, kodwa kunokuba i-oscillates phakathi kwamathuba omsebenzi omkhulu kunye nomncinci.. Ezi ziqendu zomsebenzi onzima zahlulwa kukwanda kwamabala elanga kunye nezaqhwithi zelanga, ngokwahlukileyo kakhulu kumaxesha azolileyo abizwa ngokuba yi-solar minima.
Ngo-2024, iLanga kulindeleke ukuba lifikelele kwisigaba salo sowona msebenzi uphezulu owaziwa njengobuninzi belanga. Eli xesha likhethekileyo libonakaliswe kugxininiso oluphezulu lweendawo zelanga kwi-solar surface, ezijongene nokubangela izivunguvungu zelanga ezichaphazela iplanethi yethu kwaye zinempembelelo enkulu kwindawo yethu.
Isaqhwithi selanga esixelwe kwangaphambili ngoMeyi ka-2024 yayingumxholo wokuhoywa kunye noqikelelo. Kuxelwe kwangaphambili ukuba ngo-2024 iLanga liya kufikelela kwimisebenzi yalo ephezulu, eya kubangela ukwanda kweziphepho zelanga. Ngenyanga kaMeyi ka-2024, ngokuthe ngqo malunga ne-10 kunye ne-11 kaMeyi, uthotho lwezaqhwithi zelanga ziya kwenza indlela eya eMhlabeni. Ezi ziqhwithi zabangelwa yimimandla esebenzayo i-AR3663 kunye ne-AR3664, ekhupha intaphane ye-flare, ebangela ukuba iziphepho zelanga zibe nenqanaba elibalulekileyo lokuqina.
Isaqhwithi selanga esenzeka ngo-1859 sibalasele ngokuba sesona sikhulu sakha sarekhodwa. Ngowe-1859, esona saqhwithi sakha sasikhulu kwimbali yelanga senzeka ngexesha lokusebenza ngamandla elanga. Eyaziwa ngokuba yiStorm Carrington, esi siganeko sasinamandla kangangokuba sabangela ukuba izibane ezisemantla zibonakale kwiindawo ezingalindelekanga ezifana neCuba kunye ne-Honolulu, ngelixa i-aurora australis yabonwa ukusuka eSantiago, eChile. Iziphumo zokuphazamiseka kwegeomagnetic ezibe ziziphumo bezinkulu kangangokuba unxibelelwano lwetelegraphic kuMntla Melika naseYurophu lwaphazamiseka ngokupheleleyo.
Cannibal Solar Storm
NgoDisemba ka-2023, i-NASA yakhupha isilumkiso malunga nolandelelwano lweeflare zelanga eziya kwenzeka Basenokukhokelela “kwisaqhwithi somlilo welanga” esasiza kuqala nge-1 kaDisemba. I-arhente yendawo ibonakalise esi saqhwithi "njenge-cannibalistic" ngenxa yokukwazi ukuvelisa umsebenzi onzima kunye nesiphumo se-plasma yelanga kwiplanethi yethu. Ubukhulu besi siganeko baphumela ekugqabhukeni okumangalisayo kwezibane zasemantla, ezathi zanabela eSpeyin. ECatalonia kwakubonakala izibane ezimangalisayo zasentla.
Njengoko ubona, izaqhwithi zelanga zinokubangela intlekele ebantwini ngokuphazamisa unxibelelwano. Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nesiphepho selanga seCannibal kunye neempawu zayo.