ISpain inemilambo emininzi evela kumabheshi ahlukeneyo emilambo. Owona mlambo mkhulu kulo lonke elaseSpeyin ngumlambo iEbro.Umlambo ongowaseMntla mpuma weIberia Peninsula, onqamleze uMntla, iDuero, iTagus, iJucar kunye neEastern Pyrenees basins, ukongeza kwezo ehambelana nomthambeka waseFrance. Yaziwa kakhulu kulo lonke elaseSpain kwaye inendawo enkulu yokuhamba. Umlomo wayo wenza i-delta kwaye yaziwa njenge Intlambo ye-Ebro.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela yonke into ofuna ukuyifumana malunga neempawu, i-geology kunye nokwakheka kwentlambo ye-Ebro.
Iimpawu eziphambili
I-Ebro Valley okanye i-Ebro Depression yindawo enkulu kumantla mpuma eIberian Peninsula, apho ugeleza khona uMlambo i-Ebro.Umlambo lo uphuma kwiiNtaba zeCantabrian kwaye ungena kuLwandle lweMeditera. I-Ebro Valley ijikelezwe ziiPyrenees emantla, iNkqubo yeIberia emazantsi kunye nonxweme lwaseCatalan empuma. Ukudakumba komlambo kufutshane nomlambo ngokwawo kumantla mpuma eIberia Peninsula.
Ukusuka eSierra de Híjar ukuya eTortosa inomphezulu malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-40.000 zesikwere kunye nobude beekhilomitha ezingama-840. Idlula ukusuka entshona iye empuma nge-Autonomous Community yaseCantabria, Burgos naseSoria empuma yeCastilla y León, kumazantsi eLizwe laseBasque e-valava, eLa Rioja, eNavarra, kuluntu lwaseAragon, eCatalonia naseValencia. emantla ephondo laseCastellón, liphela ngeMeditera. Kwimida yayo esemantla ziiPyrenees, empuma iyakhawulelana neeNtaba zeCatalan Coastal Mountain, kwaye emazantsi nasentshona ngenkqubo ye-Iberia.
Uxinzelelo lunokuphakama komndilili weemitha ezingama-200 kwaye lujikelezwe kukuphakama okukhulu. Umlomo waziwa njenge-Delta del Ebro, indawo ekhuselweyo echazwe njengeNdawo yeNdalo. Inamadipozithi eendibano zaselwandle nezelizwekazi, ezixineneyo emaphethelweni entaba kwaye zingabininzi kumbindi woxinzelelo: amatye esanti, iimarls, i-gypsum, iityuwa kunye nelitye lekalika. Umahluko kubunzima bezinto kunye nemozulu eyomileyo ikhokelele kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo zejografi.
Umlambo ubekwe kwimpazamo phakathi kweIberia Peninsula kunye nelizwekazi laseYurophu, ungqamana nolwandle oludala kwaye kamva waguqulwa waba lichibi, elahlula phakathi isiQithi seIberia. I-Peninsula yaseIberia ixhunyiwe kwi-Afrika naseYurophu.
Ukusetyenziswa komhlaba kwintlambo ye-Ebro
Olona hlobo lusebenzayo kwezolimo lomhlaba waseAragon lubekwe kuxinzelelo oluphakathi, apho kukho owona mmandla mkhulu wokunkcenkceshela nonemvula kakhulu wokutyala ukutya okuziinkozo kunye nemidiliya. La masimi enza isiseko soqoqosho lwezolimo eAragon. Kwelinye icala, ezi zithuba zezona zisetyenzisiweyo nezinqwenelekayo kwimbali, ukusuka kumaxesha angaphambi kwamaRoma.
Ukulima ukutya okuziinkozo okulinyelwe imvula kumela inkqubo efanelekileyo kakhulu yokusetyenziswa komhlaba ngaphandle kwemeko yonkcenkceshelo. Izinto ezithatha indawo ye irhasi yengqolowa kwaye, ukuya kwinqanaba elincinci, i-oats kunye neryeBaxhomekeke kwinkxaso kurhulumente ophakathi kunye nomgangatho womhlaba. Ukulima ukutya okuziinkozo kwenziwa ngoomatshini ngokupheleleyo kwaye ifusi yayisasetyenziswa kwiindawo ezininzi zoxinzelelo.
Ukulinywa okukodwa kokutya okuziinkozo kuhlala kwindawo encinci kumagqabi omkhenkce nakwiinduli zentlambo ye-Ebro kunye neqonga elisezantsi laseLos Monegros. Owona mqobo umiselweyo kukuphuma kwe-gypsum ejikeleze iZaragoza. Yisiza esisika amanani amakhulu kuthungelwano olushinyeneyo lweentlambo ezimxinwa, eziyimimandla yengingqi yeespartos kunye nabantu abahambahambayo, kwaye zenza iziqithi eziyinyani zenyango kumbindi woxinzelelo. Umsebenzi womhlaba unqunyelwe kwizantsi zeeflothi, apho ingqokelela yelitye ibonelela ngomhlaba olungileyo kwaye igxile kubumanzi obuncinci.
Imozulu kunye nokwakheka komhlaba kwintlambo ye-Ebro
Kuyo yonke intlambo ye-Ebro sinokufumana ukungafani okukhulu kwimozulu ngenxa yolwandiso olukhulu esele lukhona ekuthatheni inxaxheba kwiimpembelelo zezulu zommandla weMeditera kunye nommandla welizwekazi. Singahlulahlula iindawo ezintathu zemozulu eziphambili:
- Indawo yeCantabrian: Nguloo mmandla unemvula eninzi nefanayo ngokufanayo unyaka wonke. Amaqondo obushushu asezantsi aphambili ukuze angabi nalo utshintsho oluninzi ngesiquphe.
- Uxinzelelo oluphakathi: Inama-80% e-Basin kwaye inefuthe eligqibeleleyo kwimozulu ephantse yome ngemvula. Le mvula isasazwa kumaxesha emvula nawomileyo.
- Indawo yeMeditera: Ukunqaba kwemvula kunye nobushushu obugqithisileyo kubangelwe kukusondela kolwandle.
Amaqondo obushushu afikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu lama-26 degrees kwezona nyanga zishushu kakhulu kwaye ziphantsi ngo -4 kwiinyanga zasebusika. Uninzi lwemvula lwenzeka kwiinkqubo zeentaba ezinciphisa intili ye-Ebro. bafikelela kumaxabiso e-1800mm / ngonyaka kwiiPyrenees. Nangona kunjalo, kumbindi wentlambo amaxabiso asezantsi kakhulu, efikelela ngaphantsi kwe-400mm / ngonyaka. Eyona ntsingiselo yemvula ngonyaka kwiBasin yonke imalunga nama-590 mm.
Ngokubhekisele kwi-geology, ikwanayo ne-geology eyahlukileyo kakhulu kunye nemozulu. Izinto eziphambili lekalika-dolomitic, Cenomanenses-Turonenses, Triassic lekalika kunye dolomites kunye nezixhobo detrital. Njengoko bekulindelekile, kule ntlambo kukho iinkqubo zamanzi akummandla osemazantsi we-Basin aneendlela ezonakalisayo eziqheleke ngokulandelelana kwezitendi kunye neesanti ngokudibanisa isilika nodongwe. Ezi zinokubakho okungafaniyo kunye nekhabhonathi kwindalo.
Eminye iminqweno
- Igalelo elipheleleyo le-Basin liqulathe phakathi kwe-17.500 kunye ne-19,000 hm3 / ngonyaka kusetyenziso olwahlukileyo.
- Igalelo lamanzi aphantsi komhlaba liqikelelwa kwi-3.730 hm3 / ngonyaka, apho ngaphezulu nje kwe-3.300 hm3 / ngonyaka ikhupha kumlambo i-Ebro.
- Inani elipheleleyo labemi be-Basin yi-2.850.000 yabemi, ene-average ye-33.3 yabemi / km2, ixabiso elisezantsi kakhulu kunomyinge wesizwe.
- Ubukhulu becala amaziko amancinci ezidolophini aphambili, I-90% yabo inabemi abangaphantsi kwama-2.000 abemi.
Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga nentlambo ye-Ebro kunye neempawu zayo.