KwiMeteorology kubalulekile ukuba ufunde ngotshintsho olwenzeka kwimeko-bume ngexesha langempela ukuxela kwangaphambili ukuba kuzakwenzeka ntoni. Umoya yindawo apho iintshukumo zobunzima zenzeka ngokulula kakhulu. Ngale ndlela, ukutshintshiselana ngobushushu ngokuhamba nkqo nangokuthe tye kuvunyelwe. Ukuthuthwa okuthe tye kobushushu bezinye izixa zomzimba ngumoya kuthiwa yi-advection. Ukwazisa yinjongo yeli nqaku.
Siza kuhlalutya ukubaluleka kokwazi intengiso ekhoyo emoyeni ukuze sazi imozulu kunye notshintsho kwimozulu. Ngaba uyafuna ukufunda okungakumbi ngayo? Kufuneka uqhubeke ufunda 🙂
Yintoni advection
Kwiimeteorology kuqhelekile ukusebenzisa igama elithi convection ukumisela intshukumo ethe nkqo. Ixabiso lesantya sale ntshukumo alidluli ngokubanzi ukuya kwikhulu leentshukumo ezithe tye. Ke ngoko, kunokuqatshelwa ukuba amafu akhula ngokuthe nkqo enze kancinci kwaye ayakwazi ukuthatha usuku olupheleleyo.
Ukuhamba okuthe tyaba komoya womoya kwenzeka kwizinga elikhulu kwihlabathi liphela. Yiyo ehambisa amandla obushushu ukusuka kwimimandla yetropiki ukuya kwimimandla esecaleni. Bayakwazi ukudlulisa amandla ukusuka kwelinye icala lehlabathi ukuya kwelinye, ukuhamba amawaka eekhilomitha kude. Kolu thutho luthe tye lubalaselayo kwaye lubaluleke ngakumbi kwaye luyaqhubeka kunamaza omoya athe nkqo.
Kwiimeteorology kunye nolwandle ngokwasemzimbeni, ukubhengeza kudla ngokubhekiswa kuko ukuhanjiswa kwepropathi yomoya okanye yolwandle, njengobushushu, ukufuma okanye ityuwa. Imozulu yezulu okanye ulwaziso lwaselwandle lulandela imiphezulu ye-isobaric kwaye ke ubukhulu becala ithe tye. Iyafana nokuthuthwa kwepropathi yomoya ngumoya.
Iimpawu zokubonisa
Ukuwuqonda ngcono lo mbono siza kunika imizekelo yokuthambeka okufudumeleyo nokubanda. Ukufudumala okufudumeleyo kukuba ubushushu obuqhutywa ngumoya buye kwenye indawo. Ngokuchasene noko, intambo ebandayo kukuhambisa ingqele kwezinye iindawo. Nangona kunjalo, omabini la manzi athutha amandla ukusukela, nangona umoya ubushushu obusezantsi, usenamandla.
Kuqikelelo lwemozulu, igama lesibhengezo libhekisa kuthutho lobukhulu elinikezwe licandelo elithe tyaba lomoya. Ukuba sine-advection ebandayo, ihlala iye kwiindawo ezishushu. Xa kukho ukuhonjiswa okufudumeleyo, kwenzeka kumhlaba obandayo nakwiilwandle kwaye ukupholisa kwenzeka emazantsi.
Izizathu zokunyanzeliswa
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zokuncipha komphunga wamanzi. Iyokuqala yimisebe kwaye okwesibini yi-advection. Umphunga wamanzi unokuxutywa ngokudibanisa izihlunu zomoya kunye nokupholisa ngokwandiswa kwe-adiabatic. Le yokugqibela ingunobangela wolwakhiwo olukhulu lwamafu.
Ekupholiseni intambo, ubushushu bomoya ofudumeleyo nobufumileyo buthuthwa ngokuthe tye, ukongeza ngaphezulu komphezulu opholileyo okanye ubunzima bomoya.. Ngenxa yokunxibelelana phakathi kwentlama efudumeleyo nengqele, ubushushu bomoya wentlama efudumeleyo buyehla buhambelane nobandayo. Ngale ndlela ubumnyama buqala ukubakho, okoko nje ukwehla kweqondo lobushushu obufudumeleyo kufikelela kwindawo yombethe kwaye kuhluthe amanzi.
Ukupholisa imitha kwenzeka xa umhlaba ushushu lelanga. Uluhlu olusondeleyo kumphezulu luqala ukufudumeza ngenxa yoko. Ngesi sizathu, amaqamza omoya ashushu enza kwaye, ngenxa yokuxinana kwawo asezantsi, athambekele ekunyukeni ade ahlangane kwezona ndawo ziphakamileyo nezibandayo. Xa befika kumanqanaba aphezulu, iqondo lobushushu liqala ukwehla kwaye bayahlutha, bajiye kwaye benze ilifu.
Ukupholisa i-Adiabatic
Kungenxa yokwahluka kobushushu ngenxa yokwehla koxinzelelo lwangaphakathi njengoko umntu enyukela phezulu. Uninzi lwemisinga ethe nkqo inokutshintsha oku kupholisa, ikwabizwa ngokuba sisandi sokufudumeza ubume bendalo.
Xa umoya unyuka, uxinzelelo lomoya luyancipha. Ngesi sizathu, ukuhamba kunye nokukhuhlana kweemolekyuli nako kuyehla, oko ke kupholisa umoya. Njengesiqhelo, ihlala yehla malunga ne-6,5 iidigri kwikhilomitha nganye yokuphakama.
Ukuba umoya womile, ukwehla kobushushu kuphezulu kakhulu (kujikeleze iidigri ezili-10 kwikhilomitha nganye ukuphakama). Ngokuchasene noko, ukuba umoya ugcwele, ukuhla kwawo kuya kuba njalo iidigri ezi-5 kuphela ngekhilomitha.
Amafu enziwe ngeseti yamasuntswana amancinci kakhulu kunye namanzi acocekileyo, umkhenkce okanye umxube wazo zombini. Zenziwe ngokunyibilika komphunga wamanzi emoyeni. Oku kubangela ukuthambeka ukuhambisa ingqele ukusuka emafini kuyise kwezinye iatmosfera nokusasazeka.
Utshintsho kubushushu ngenxa ye-advection
I-Advection ineeyunithi zobushushu ezahlulwe ngeeyunithi zexesha Ibonisa ukwahluka kobushushu obufumana amava ngenxa yokufika komoya ohambisa umoya kubushushu obahlukileyo.
Ukuba, umzekelo, kwindawo apho silinganisela khona umoya uvela kwindawo ebandayo, siya kuba nokuphola kwaye i-advection yeqondo lobushushu iya kuba linani elingalunganga elinokubonisa ukuba zingaphi iidigri kwiyunithi yexesha lobushushu eliyekayo.
Ukupholisa umoya kunokwenzeka ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo:
- Ngenxa yobushushu bomhlaba Ukuhanjiswa kwamahhala kuveliswa yimitha yelanga.
- Ngomzobo womhlaba, Ngenxa yokunyuka kwamanqanaba omoya ukuwela intaba, ukunyanzelwa okunyanzelekileyo kuyenzeka.
- Umoya unyanzelekile ukuba unyuke kufutshane neendawo ezishushu nezibandayo, ivelisa intshukumo ethe tye yomoya obandayo, eveliswe yintshukumo ethe tyaba kwimozulu eshushu yokunyuka.
Njengoko ubona, i-advection yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka uyiqwalasele kwi-meteorology. Imeko entle xa kusenziwa uqikelelo lwemozulu kunye nokwazi amandla kunye nozinzo lomoya.