intaba-mlilo yasepompeii

IVesubio mont

Ngokuqinisekileyo sonke sivile ngentlekele yasePompeii kwaye iifilimu kunye namaxwebhu enziwe ngayo. Kuninzi okuthethwa ngako intaba-mlilo yasepompeii kwaye ayaziwa kakhulu ngegama layo kunye neempawu zokwenyani. YiNtaba iVesuvius okanye intaba-mlilo iVesuvius. Ineempawu ezizodwa ezibangele le ntlekele yembali. Olunye ugqabhuko-dubulo lwalo lwabangela isiganeko esibalulekileyo embalini.

Ngesi sizathu, siza kunikezela eli nqaku ukuze sikuxelele yonke into oyifunayo malunga nentaba-mlilo yasePompeii, iimpawu zayo kunye nokukhetha.

intaba-mlilo yasepompeii

intaba-mlilo yasepompeii

Yaziwa ngcono njengeNtaba iVesuvius, intaba-mlilo enenye yeentlekele zendalo ezinkulu ezibangelwa kukudubula kwentaba-mlilo kwinkumbulo ephilayo. Nanamhla oku, igqalwa njengenye yezona ntaba-mlilo ziyingozi emhlabeni kwaye ikuphela kwentaba-mlilo eqhumayo kwilizwekazi laseYurophu.

Ikummandla weCampania kumazantsi eItali, kwimpuma yeBay of Naples, malunga neekhilomitha ezili-9 ukusuka kwisixeko saseNaples. Igama layo ngesiTaliyane yiVesuvius, kodwa ikwabizwa ngokuba yiVesaevus, Vesevus, Vesbius kunye neVesuve. Ngenxa yokuba yenziwe ngamacandelo amaninzi e-lava, uthuthu, i-pumice, kunye nezinye izinto ze-pyroclastic, kwaye ngenxa yokuba ivelisa ugqabhuko-dubulo, ihlelwa njenge-composite okanye i-stratovolcano. Kuba ikhowuni yayo esembindini ibonakala kwi crater, ikudidi lwe Mount Soma.

INtaba iVesuvius inekhowuni eziimitha ezili-1.281 ukuphakama, eyaziwa ngokuba yi "Great Cone", ejikelezwe ubukhulu becala yincam yentaba yeSoma, emalunga neemitha ezili-1.132 ukuphakama. Bobabini bahlulwe yintlambo yaseAtrio di Cavallo. Ubude bekhowuni buyatshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha ngenxa yogqabhuko-dubulo olulandelelanayo. Encotsheni yayo kukho icrater engaphezulu kweemitha ezingama-300 ubunzulu.

INtaba iVesuvius idweliswe njengenye yezona ntaba-mlilo ziyingozi ehlabathini. Ugqabhuko-dubulo lwentaba-mlilo yohlobo lwe-volcano edibeneyo okanye uhlobo lwe-stratovolcano. Ekubeni ikona esembindini wale ntaba-mlilo ibonakala kwi-crater, iluhlobo lweSoma. Igqalwa njengenye yezona ntaba-mlilo ziyingozi ehlabathini, icone imalunga neemitha ezili-1.281 ukuphakama. Le khowuni ibizwa ngokuba yicone enkulu. Ijikelezwe lungqameko lwentaba-mlilo yaseMonte Somma. Intaba ikwi-1132 yeemitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle.

INtaba iVesuvius kunye neNtaba yeSoma yahlulwe yintlambo yaseAtrio di Cavallo. Ukuphakama kwecone kutshintshile kwimbali yonke, kuxhomekeke kugqabhuko-dubulo olwenzekileyo. Umphezulu wezi ntaba-mlilo yicrater enobunzulu obungaphezulu kwama-300 eemitha.

Ubume kunye nemvelaphi

intaba-mlilo yasepompeii kunye nembali

I-volcano ihleli nje ngentla kwendawo yokuthotywa phakathi kwe-Eurasia kunye neepleyiti zaseAfrika. Kula macwecwe e-tectonic, ipleyiti yesibini ithoba (itshona) phantsi kwepleyiti ye-Eurasian ngesantya esimalunga ne-3,2 yeesentimitha ngonyaka, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekusekweni kweeNtaba zeSoma kwindawo yokuqala.

Ngokwemvelo, iNtaba yeSoma indala kuneNtaba iVesuvius. Awona matye amadala kwindawo yentaba-mlilo amalunga nama-300.000 eminyaka ubudala. Incopho yeNtaba iSoma yadilika kugqabhuko-dubulo kwiminyaka engama-25.000 XNUMX eyadlulayo. iqala ukwenza icaldera, kodwa ikhowuni yeVesuvius ayizange iqalise ukumila de kwayiminyaka eli-17.000 79 eyadlulayo, embindini. I-Great Cone yabonakala iyonke ngo-AD XNUMX, emva kokuqhambuka okukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuhamba kweetectonic plates, isiza siye safumana uqhushumbo oluqhubekayo kwaye kuye kwakho umsebenzi omkhulu we-seismic kule ndawo.

Iintaba-mlilo zisisiphumo semagma efikelela kumphezulu njengoko intlenga evela kwipleyiti yaseAfrika ityhalelwa ezantsi kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu ide inyibilike ize ityhalelwe phezulu de inxalenye yoqweqwe lwaphuka.

Ugqabhuko-dubulo lwentaba-mlilo yasePompeii

intaba-mlilo yasevesuvius

IVesuvius inembali ende yogqabhuko-dubulo. Imihla emidala echongiweyo ivela kwi-6940 BC. C. Ukususela ngoko, ngaphezu kwe-50 ugqabhuko-dubulo luye lwaqinisekiswa, kwaye ezinye ezingaphezulu, kunye nemihla engaqinisekanga. Ugqabhuko-dubulo olunamandla kabini, ngowama-5960 C. nowama-3580 B.C. C., yajika intaba-mlilo yaba yenye yezona zinkulu eYurophu. Kwinkulungwane yesibini ye-BC yayinento ebizwa ngokuba yi "Avellino Eruption", enye yezona ziqhushumbo ezinkulu kwimbali yangaphambili.

Kodwa akukho mathandabuzo okuba olona gqabhuko-dubulo lunamandla lwenzeka ngo-79 AD ngenxa yamandla neziphumo zawo. C. Sele ngo 62 d. C. Abemi abajikelezileyo beva inyikima enamandla, kodwa kunokutshiwo ukuba bayiqhelile inyikima ekuloo ndawo. Kucingelwa ukuba ngosuku oluphakathi kwe-24 kunye ne-28 ka-Oktobha, 1979, Intaba iVesuvius yagqabhuka kumphakamo oyi-32-33 km yaza yalikhupha ngogonyamelo ilifu lelitye., igesi yentaba-mlilo, uthuthu, ipumice powder, i-lava kunye nezinye izinto kwiitoni ezi-1,5 ngomzuzwana.

UPliny Omncinane, igosa laseburhulumenteni lamandulo laseRoma, wabona esi siganeko kwidolophu ekufutshane yaseMisenam (emalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-30 ukusuka kwintaba-mlilo) waza wasibhala kwileta yakhe, eyayinikela inkcazelo eninzi. Ngokutsho kwakhe, olu gqabhuko-dubulo lwandulelwa yinyikima kwanetsunami. Kwenyuka ilifu elikhulu lothuthu, lakhukulisa ummandla oyingqongileyo kangangeeyure ezili-19 ukusa kwezingama-25, langcwaba izixeko zasePompeii naseHerculaneum laza labulala amawakawaka abantu. Abasindileyo basishiya eso sixeko ngonaphakade, yaye salityalwa de inzululwazi yezinto zakudala yanomdla kuyo, ngakumbi ePompeii.

Kwiminyaka eliqela kamva, intaba-mlilo yaphinda yazikhupha izinto ezazikuyo, eyona inkulu kuyo yenzeka ngowe-1631, nto leyo eyabangela umonakalo omkhulu kuloo mmandla. Esokugqibela senzeka ngoMatshi 18, 1944, sichaphazela iindawo ezininzi. Kukholelwa ukuba le yokugqibela yawuphelisa umjikelo wogqabhuko-dubulo olwaqala ngowe-1631.

Njengoko ubona, intaba-mlilo yasePompeii inezinto ezininzi ezinokunikela malunga nembali kunye nogqabhuko-dubulo. Ibinjalo ke iminyhadala yayo kangangokuba kwanemiboniso bhanyabhanya kunye namabali adalwe ukuze akwazi ukubonisa uluntu ngayo yonke into eyenzekayo. Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nentaba-mlilo yasePompeii kunye neempawu zayo.


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