Xa sijonga isibhakabhaka esineenkwenkwezi ebusuku sinokukuxabisa Amakroza. Kukho iindlela esinokuthi sichonge iinkwenkwezi ezithile ezisebenza njengesiqhelaniso kunye nesikhokelo sokumakisha ikhosi emiselweyo kwaye singalahleki. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, ezinye iinkwenkwezi kunye neenkwenkwezi zazisetyenziselwa ukuphawula iindlela zaselwandle. Kule meko siza kuthetha ngayo iNkwenkwezi yePole. Ime kufutshane ne-axis yokujikeleza komhlaba kwaye yeyekroza le-Ursa Minor.
Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi ukubaluleka kwePole Star kunye nendlela yokuchonga esibhakabhakeni? Funda ukuze ufunde ngayo.
Ukubaluleka kwePole Star yeeMaya
I-North Star yathathelwa ingqalelo njengothixo kwiintsomi zikaMeyi. Le mpucuko yamnika imbeko kwaye yamzukisa ngenxa yokusebenziseka kwakhe. Kwakukho abathengisi abaninzi kunye nabarhwebi abasebenzisa le nkwenkwezi njengesikhokelo ukuze bakwazi ukubona iinjongo zabo kwaye bangalahleki. Ingabonwa ngokugqibeleleyo kwiYucatan kwaye, ngenxa yesi sizathu, baziva bekhathalelwe kwaye bejolise kuhambo lwabo olude.
Ikwanentsingiselo yokomfuziselo kunye neyokomoya kumaMaya, kuba yayingamandla phambi kwendlela abantu ekufuneka beyilandele ebomini. Ayisebenzi nje njengesikhokelo kuhambo lweshishini, kodwa ikwasebenza ukubonisa indlela eya phambili ebomini.
Uninzi lwama Mayan lubize le nkwenkwezi UThixo wobusuku okanye uThixo wobusika. Ngaphandle kwento onokuyicinga, ama-Mayan ayenolwazi olubanzi malunga ne-astronomy kwaye babengenakho nje ukuzikhokela ngeenkwenkwezi ezithile, kodwa bakholelwa kwaye bafunda iinkwenkwezi ngaphezulu kwesibhakabhaka. Baye bachonga amaqela eenkwenkwezi amaninzi esinokuwabona namhlanje. Le yindlela abaye bakwazi ngayo ukugcina ulungelelwaniso olugqibeleleyo lokomoya kunye nezendalo.
Umfuziselo wayo wokomoya ubumele ukukhangela ubukho bomntu. Enye yokusetyenziswa kwePole Star yayikukuba kuyo unokufumana zonke iimpendulo kwimibuzo yobomi. Enye yamathandabuzo aqhelekileyo ngelo xesha yayiyintoni indima eyayidlala kwindawo yabafileyo. KwiiMeya, i-Pole Star yayinempendulo.
I-constellation ye-Ursa Minor kunye ne-North Star
Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, i-Pole Star ibekwe phakathi kwe-Ursa Minor. Eli liqela elinokubonakala ngokucacileyo esibhakabhakeni unyaka wonke. Sinokubabona kuphela abo bantu bahlala kumantla e-hemisphere. I-Ursa Minor yenziwe ngeenkwenkwezi ezi-7 ezibandakanya iPolaris. Inokuchongwa ngokulula njengesigebenga esimthubi esibonakaliswe ngokuqaqamba nangokugqitha kwelanga ngobukhulu. Nangona oku kungakhange kubonakale kuyinyani, yinkwenkwezi enkulu kuneLanga. Nangona kunjalo, ikude kakhulu kunaye kwaye, ke ngoko, asinakuyibona ilingana nayo okanye siyivumele ukuba isikhanyisele ngaloo ndlela.
Phambi kokuyilwa kweeradars kunye neendawo ezikuzo, kunye neGPS, iNkwenkwezi yaseNtla yayisetyenziswa njengesikhokelo sokuhamba ngolwandle. Oku kungabangelwa kukuba ijolise kwipali yendawo yasezulwini.
Yinkwenkwezi leyo, nangona ezinye iinkwenkwezi zibonakala zihamba ngaphezulu kwesibhakabhaka, ayenzi njalo. Kulula ukuyichonga kuba ilungiswe ngokupheleleyo. Isondele kwikroza le-Ursa Major. Omabini la maqela ayafana kuba enziwe ziinkwenkwezi ezisi-7 kwaye zimile okomoto.
Iyaziwa njenge-constellation Ursa Minor kuba iinkwenkwezi eziyicwecwe zikhanya ngaphantsi kunezo ze-Ursa Major. Esi sizathu sokuba ufanele ukwazi okungakumbi malunga neenkwenkwezi kunye nendlela yokuchonga amaqela eenkwenkwezi ukuze ukwazi ukuwajonga uvela esibhakabhakeni. Ukuba isibhakabhaka sicace gca kwaye asinako ukungcoliseka kokukhanya, kulula kakhulu ukusibona esibhakabhakeni.
Ubudlelwane kunye ne-constellation Ursa Major
Yahlukile kwezinye iinkwenkwezi kuba yeyona ihleli ihleli ndawonye esibhakabhakeni. Zonke ezinye iinkwenkwezi zingabonakala zijikeleza i-axis yoMhlaba yokujikeleza. Uhambo olwenziwe ziinkwenkwezi luhlala iiyure ezingama-24 kanye njengeeplanethi kunye nelanga. Ke ngoko, ukuba sifuna ukwazi ukuba iphi i-Pole Star ngexa elithile, kufuneka siqwalasele i-constellation Ursa Major.
Oku kwenziwa kuba yinkqantosi elula ukuyibona kwaye iPole Star isondele kuyo. Ukuba sifuna ukuyibona, kufuneka sizobe umgca wentelekelelo othatha njengendawo ekubhekiswa kuyo ezimbini zeenkwenkwezi kwi-constellation Ursa Major ebizwa ngokuba nguMerak noDhube. Ezi nkwenkwezi zimbini kulula ukuzibona esibhakabhakeni. Nje ukuba babonwe, kufuneka sizobe omnye umgca wentelekelelo kumgama ka-5 ophakathi kwaba babini ukufumana iPole Star.
Umsebenzi kunye nembali
Inkwenkwezi yePole nayo yaziwa ngokuba yiNkwenkwezi yaseNyakatho ngenxa yendawo yayo efumaneka kuphela kwiNtla yoMhlaba. Elinye igama elaziwa ngalo yiPolaris. Kungenxa yokusondela kwayo kwiNcam yoMntla.
Ukutyhubela imbali, le nkwenkwezi ibisetyenziswa njengesalathiso kumawakawaka oomatiloshe abawela ulwandle. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba kuphela ngabo bahamba ngenqanawa kumantla eIkhweyitha abayibonayo. Ndiyabulela kule nkwenkwezi, esebenze njengesikhokelo sabantu abaninzi, banokufikelela kwizikhundla zeedolophu kakuhle.
Namhlanje kusenjalo isebenza njengendlela yokulinganisa ububanzi kunye ne-azimuth. I-azimuth yikona esekwe phakathi kwe-meridian kwaye edlula kwindawo ethile kwiplanethi yethu. Enkosi kwiNkanyezi yePolar sinokuziqhelanisa kwicala elingasemantla, nangona kuya kuxhomekeka ngokupheleleyo kwindawo yombonisi. Umlinganiso onokuthenjwa ngulowo uthathelwa ingqalelo ukuphakama apho iPole Star ikhoyo ngoku.
Njengoko ubona, le nkwenkwezi inembali eninzi kwaye ibalulekile kwaye, nanamhlanje, iyathandwa kakhulu ngabafundi beenkwenkwezi kunye nabazithandayo.