Njengoko kukhankanyiwe amaxesha amaninzi, Utshintsho lwemozulu luchaphazela zonke iimbombo zomhlaba. Kwezinye iindawo, ngenxa yobude babo okanye iimeko zabo, kukho iindawo ezisengozini yokutshintsha kwemozulu kwaye ezinye ziyaxhathisa.
Ummandla waseChile waseMagallanes kunye ne-Antarctica, kumazantsi asezantsi eMelika, ubonelela ngeemeko ezizodwa zokufunda iziphumo zotshintsho lwemozulu. Le yinto inzululwazi ekufuneka isebenzise ukufumana iziphumo ezingcono kunye nolwazi olungaphezulu malunga nezenzo ezinokwenzeka kunye neziphumo.
Indawo ekumazantsi eplanethi
Ifunyanwa kwiikhilomitha ezingama-3.000 kumazantsi eSantiago isixeko sasePunta Arenas. Yindawo ephambili yemishini yesayensi esebenza eMagellan naseAntarctica. Yeyona ndawo isemazantsi eplanethi kwaye ifikelela ekuvuthweni okuhle ukuze ibe yintsika yesayensi kunye neAntarctic.
Utshintsho lwemozulu kunye nophando lokusingqongileyo elwandle
Ukwenza le mimandla ibe yindawo yesayensi kunye neteknoloji yomhlaba ophendulayo uphendula kwinto yokuba imeko yangoku yokwahluka kwemozulu ineempembelelo kwimimandla Iziko loPhando lweDynamic kwiiNdawo eziLwandle eziPhezulu eziLwandle (IDEAL).
Ukuqhuba izifundo kunye nohlalutyo kulo mmandla ngokwembono yesayensi kuvumela ukufumana ulwazi oluninzi oluxabisekileyo olunxulumene nazo zonke iinguqu ezenzekayo ngenxa yotshintsho lwemozulu. Phakathi kwezifundo ezenziweyo kulo mmandla kukufumanisa ukuba utshintsho lwemozulu luyichaphazela njani imeko yolwandle. Ukwanda kwamaqondo obushushu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-CO2 kwiatmosfera, kubangela iimpembelelo elwandle. Umzekelo, sifumana i-coral bleaching, i-acidification yamanzi kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kweendawo eziphilayo zezilwanyana ezinobungozi ekutshintsheni kwimeko.
Ngokuchanekileyo, Ezona ndawo zisemngciphekweni zezo kufuneka zifundwe ngokubanzi, kuba zezona zinika olona lwazi malunga nokuba utshintsho lunokuzichaphazela njani iintlobo zezilwanyana ezihlala apho. Enkosi kwimpendulo enkulu kutshintsho lokusingqongileyo, iimvavanyo ezingaphezulu kunye novavanyo lunokwenziwa ukufumana ukuqonda okungcono ngeziphumo.
Izinto eziphilayo zaselwandle kufuneka zikhuselwe
Ukufumana iziphumo ezilungileyo kuvavanyo kwezi ndawo kuvumela abasemagunyeni ukuba benze izigqibo ezithile ezinokukhusela indalo yaselwandle. Ukuba sinolwazi oluninzi okanye oluncinci malunga neziphumo ezinokuthi zibe nefuthe kuhlobo oluthile, singathatha amanyathelo okukhusela iintlobo ezichaziweyo.
Umzekelo wayo yonke le nto ukubuyela umva komkhenkce kwezinye ii-fjords kuloo ndawo. Esi siphumo sibangela ukuba amanzi amatsha kwindawo enyibilikisiweyo angene kwimeko yolwandle kwaye atshintshe imichiza kunye neepropathi zebhayoloji. Iintlobo ezifuna ityuwa ethile ukuze ziphile, azizukukwazi ukumelana nolu tshintsho kwaye ziya kufa.
Kuba kunzima ukubuyela umva kwimiba yokutshintsha kwemozulu, Into ekufuneka yenziwe kukufumana izisombululo kwiingxaki ezivelayo. Isisombululo esisebenzayo esinceda ukuhlengahlengiswa kwemeko zolwandle kutshintsho lwemozulu.
Imfundo yendalo esingqongileyo njengesixhobo sesisombululo
Ukufundisa abancinci ukuba bathathe uxanduva lokusingqongileyo sisixhobo sokukwazi ukusombulula iingxaki zokusingqongileyo ezivela kutshintsho lwemozulu. Kufuneka kukhankanywe ukuba, ukuba siqeqesha abantu abakwaziyo ukuphanda, ukuhlalutya kunye nokwenza izigqibo malunga nokusingqongileyo, Siza kuphakamisa ulwazi kwihlabathi jikelele malunga nokuhlonipha okusingqongileyo. Konke oku kuya kuba negalelo ngendlela ethe kratya yokuphelisa iziphumo zotshintsho lwemozulu.
Ukuba sifuna abantu abatsha bathathe inxaxheba kwezenzululwazi, sidinga imfundo yendalo esingqongileyo. Inyani yokuba i-Chile inommandla osemazantsi weenkqubo ezifanelekileyo ze-Antarctic kunye ne-subantarctic yophando inokukhokelela ekuveleni kwezixhobo ezivela kwamanye amazwe nakwimibutho yamanye amazwe, njengoko kusenzeka ekuqwalaselweni kweenkwenkwezi kumantla elizwe. Okwangoku, iZiko loPhando lwe-Dynamic eLatitude eLwandle oluPhezulu (IDEAL) lelinye lawona maziko asebenzayo kwindawo leyo, kunye neqela labaphandi abangama-25 kumaziko ahlukeneyo.