Las iintaba eziphakamileyo ehlabathini Zizo zonke ezo zidlula i-8.000 yeemitha zokuphakama. Aba baziwa ngokudibeneyo njengamawaka asibhozo. Zonke zineempawu ezizodwa kunye nomtsalane wabakhenkethi obenza bakhetheke. Zikwalucelomngeni olukhulu kubakhweli. Uninzi lwazo sifumana izityalo ezihlala zikho neentlobo zezilwanyana.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela ngeempawu, ukubaluleka kunye nezinto ezinomdla kwiintaba eziphakamileyo zehlabathi.
iintaba eziphakamileyo ehlabathini
Iintaba eziphakamileyo emhlabeni ziyamangalisa indalo. Phakathi kwazo kukho IMount Everest, eyeyona ntaba iphakamileyo ehlabathini enobude obuziimitha ezingama-8.848 ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. Ifumaneka kwii-Himalayas, kumda ophakathi kweNepal neTshayina, i-Everest yindawo ethandwayo yabakhweli abanamava.
Enye intaba ebalaseleyo yi-K2, ekuluhlu lweentaba ze-Karakóram kumda ophakathi kwePakistan ne-China, enobude obuziimitha eziyi-8.611. Yaziwa ngokuba yi "Wild Mountain" ngenxa yokufikelela okunzima kunye nobungozi, nto leyo eyenza kube ngumngeni kwabakhweli abanamava.
Intaba yaseKangchenjunga nayo ifanelwe ukukhankanywa, kunye nobude be-8.586 yeemitha kwaye ibekwe kwii-Himalayas, kumda ophakathi kweNepal neIndiya. Le ntaba ingcwele kubemi bendawo kwaye ikhuselwe yiUNESCO njengeBiosphere Reserve.
Ezinye iintaba eziphawulekayo yiLhotse, intaba yesine ephakamileyo emhlabeni kunye nokuphakama kweemitha ze-8.516, iMakalu kwi-8.485 yeemitha, i-Cho Oyu kwi-8.188 yeemitha kunye ne-Dhaulagiri kwi-8.167 yeemitha.
Nganye kwezi ntaba yahlukile ngendlela yayo, kwaye nganye inika umngeni okhethekileyo namava kubakhweli abafuna ukuzoyisa. Phezu kwazo nje iingozi neengozi ezinxulumene nokunyuka kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, ezi ntaba zisaqhubeka zitsala abantu abasuka kulo lonke ihlabathi, zikhuthaza abo baphupha ngokufikelela kweyona ncopho iphakamileyo.
INtaba i-Everest
Asinakudlula ngaphandle kokungena nzulu kancinane kweyona ntaba iphakamileyo ehlabathini. I-Mount Everest yintaba ye-iconic eneempawu ezintle ezingaphaya kokuphakama kwayo. Inomfanekiso wephiramidi owahlukileyo kunye nobuso obune obuphambili, okwenza ukuba ibonakale ukude.
Imozulu ye-Everest iguquguquka kakhulu kwaye ihlala iyingozi, kunye nemimoya enamandla, ikhephu elinzima kunye namaqondo obushushu aphantsi kakhulu anokufikelela ku -60°C ebusika. Oku kwenza ukunyuka le ntaba kube ngumsebenzi onzima noyingozi, onokuwenza kuphela abona bantu banamava nabaxhotyiswe ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukongeza kubude bayo kunye nemozulu, i-Everest likhaya leentaba zomkhenkce ezininzi ezinomtsalane, ezinje iKhumbu Glacier, engowona mkhenkce uphakamileyo ehlabathini. Ikwalikhaya leentlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana nezityalo, kuquka amahlosi ekhephu, iiyaks, neerhododendron.
Ubude bayo buhlala buguquka ngenxa yeetectonics zeplate, njengoko ipleyiti yeTectonic yaseIndiya ihlala ityhala isiya kwi-Eurasian tectonic plate, ngokuthe ngcembe inyusa intaba. Ikwanokubaluleka okubalulekileyo kwenkcubeko kunye nenkolo kubemi bendawo, njengoko ilele entliziyweni yendawo engcwele yeSherpas. Uthathwa njengothixo kwinkcubeko yaseSherpa kwaye uyaziwa ngokuba yi "Sagarmatha" eNepal, okuthetha "umama wehlabathi."
Utsalo lwezotyelelo
Iintaba eziphakamileyo zehlabathi zinomtsalane omkhulu kubakhenkethi kubahambi kunye nabathandi bendalo. Abantu abaninzi baya kwezi ntaba ukuze babone ubuhle bendalo nokuze bazibone bekwindawo entle.
Ukongeza kwithuba lokunyuka ezi ntaba, abakhenkethi banokunandipha ezinye izinto, ezifana hamba intaba kwiindlela ezikufutshane, inkampu ezintabeni kwaye ujabulele iimbono ze-panoramic zeendawo zeentaba. Kukho noluntu lwasekuhlaleni olunikezela ngeekhenkethi kunye nohambo kwabo banqwenela ukuphonononga inkcubeko kunye nobomi bemihla ngemihla ezintabeni.
Ngamnye unobuntu bakhe kunye nomtsalane, kodwa zonke zinika iimbono ezichukumisayo kunye nomngeni kwabo bafuna ukukhwela kuzo. Ukongezelela, zonke zinemozulu engalindelekanga kunye neemeko ezigqithisileyo ezenza ukunyuka kube ngumngeni onobungozi. Enye inkalo ebalulekileyo yinkcubeko yasekuhlaleni engqonge ezi ntaba. Abantu basekuhlaleni kunye noluntu baye baphuhlisa izithethe zabo ezizodwa kunye neendlela zokuphila kwezi ntaba, zongeza inkalo eyongezelelweyo kumava okhenketho.
Iintyatyambo kunye nezilwanyana zezona ntaba ziphakamileyo emhlabeni
Flora
Ezona ntaba ziphakamileyo ehlabathini zineentlobo ngeentlobo zeentyatyambo ezilungelelaniswe nemozulu embi. Ngenxa yokuphakama, ukungabikho kweoksijini kunye namaqondo obushushu abandayo kakhulu, iintyatyambo kule mimandla zahluke kakhulu kwiindawo ezisezantsi.
Esinye sezona zityalo zixhaphakileyo kwezona ntaba ziphakamileyo bubulembu nobulembu obugquma amatye nomhlaba omninzi walo mmandla. ezi zityalo Bayakwazi ukuphila kwiimeko ezinzima malunga neemitha ezingama-5.000 ukuphakama.
Ezinye izityalo ezifumaneka kwezi ntaba ziquka iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeengca ze-alpine kunye nezityalo kwintsapho yaseBrassicaceae. Ingca yeAlpine iyakwazi ukumelana nemozulu ebandayo kwaye ihlala ikhula kwiirosette ezixineneyo ukuze zihlale zishushu. Izityalo ze-Brassicaceae ziyaziwa ngenxa yesikhumba, amaqabunga e-waxy, avumela ukuba bagcine umswakama kwindawo eyomileyo, ebandayo.
Iintlobo zeRhododendron zikwafumaneka kwezona ntaba ziphakamileyo zehlabathi, njengeNepalese rhododendron. ezi zityalo zikhula emathambekeni kwaye zineentyatyambo ezinkulu eziqaqambileyo ezidubula entlakohlaza. Kwiindawo ezisezantsi zeentaba, apho iimeko zincinci ngakumbi, imithi kunye nezihlahla ezifana ne-Himalayan fir, i-Himalayan cypress, kunye ne-oki inokufumaneka. Ezi ntlobo ziyakwazi ukukhula ukuya kubude beemitha ezingama-4.000.
izilwanyana
Nangona ezi zilwanyana zilinganiselwe, iintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana ezihlala kwezi ntaba ziyamangalisa yaye zibangel’ umdla. Enye yezona ntlobo zentaba ezinomfanekiso kunye nezaziwayo-kakuhle yibhere yepanda, eyinzalelwane yeentaba zeSichuan eTshayina. Ezi bhere ubukhulu becala zitya i-bamboo, isityalo esifumaneka ngobuninzi kwimimandla yeentaba yaseTshayina.
Olunye uhlobo lwesilwanyana esihlala kwezona ntaba ziphakamileyo ehlabathini yibharal okanye "igusha eluhlaza", efumaneka kwiiHimalaya naseKarakorum. Ezi gusha ziingcali zokunyuka iintaba kwaye ziqhelana kakuhle neemeko ezimaxongo zemo engqongileyo. I<em>yak, uhlobo oluthile lwe<em>bovid, ixhaphakile kwezi ntaba. I Iiyaks zizilwanyana ezikhulu, ezomeleleyo ezisetyenziswa njengempahla yokupakisha kunye nezothutho kulo mmandla.
Phakathi kweentaka ezihlala ezintabeni lukhozi olubugolide, ixhalanga elineentshebe kunye neAndean condor, luhlobo lwentaka edla inyama ehlala kwiiAndes kuMzantsi Merika. Kukwakho neentlobo zeenkawu ezihlala ezintabeni, ezifana nenkawu egolide kunye ne<em>Hoogerwerf’s langur, ezifumaneka kwiiHimalayas.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga neentaba eziphakamileyo zehlabathi kunye neempawu zazo.