Iilwandle ezikhanya ebusuku

Iplanethi yethu ineziganeko ezininzi ezothusayo nezibonakala zingakholeleki ngaxeshanye. Omnye wabo ngu iilwandle ezikhanya ebusuku. Isayensi ibifunda ukuba kutheni le nto isenzeka kwaye abantu abaninzi bayazibuza ukuba ngaba ngumlingo okanye isayensi.

Ngenxa yesi sizathu, siya kunikezela eli nqaku ukukuxelela yonke into oyifunayo malunga neelwandle ezikhanyayo ebusuku, iimpawu zabo kunye nokuba kutheni oku kwenzeka.

Imbonakalo yeelwandle ezikhanyayo ebusuku

Eli gama libhekisa kwinto yendalo apho izinto eziphilayo zivelisa ukukhanya. Kwenzeka ngenkqubo ye-biochemical ebandakanya ioksijini, iprotheni ebizwa ngokuba yi-luciferin, kunye ne-enzyme i-luciferase. Kukusabela okuguqula amandla ekhemikhali abe kukukhanya kwaye kwenzeke ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.

Ioksijini ibangela i-oxidation ye-luciferin, eqhuba inkqubo. I-Luciferase ikhawuleza ukuphendula, okubangelwa ukuveliswa kwamanzi kwaye, ngokubaluleke ngakumbi, ukukhanya. Iingxaki zekhemistri ezisulungekileyo zendalo yemfundo engaphezulu azifanelekanga apha. Kodwa siya kukuxelela ukuba i-bioluminescence inokuveliswa zombini iifungi kunye neebhaktheriya kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana, zombini i-unicellular kunye ne-multicellular. Phakathi kwabo iimolluscs, crustaceans, cephalopods, worms, jellyfish kunye nentlanzi.

Kufanelekile ukukhankanya ukuba i-bioluminescence ingaba nemibala eyahlukeneyo. Oku kuya kuxhomekeka kwisidalwa esiyivelisayo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-hue eluhlaza okanye eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Nangona kunjalo, enye ebangelwa yi-deep jellyfish i-Peryphilla peryphilla, umzekelo, ibomvu.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, akufanele sidibanise i-bioluminescence kunye ne-fluorescence. Ekugqibeleni, amandla avela kumthombo wokukhanya wangaphambili uyabanjwa kwaye athunyelwe kunye nenye ifoton. Endaweni yoko, njengoko besitshilo kuwe, i-bioluminescence yindlela yokusabela kweekhemikhali.

Iilwandle ezikhanya ebusuku

Emhlabeni, eyona mizekelo idumileyo ye-bioluminescence ziifireflies, ezikhanya ebusuku. Ungazibona kwiindawo ezininzi kwihlabathi jikelele, kodwa eyona idumileyo ehlabathini Isixeko saseKuala Selangor eMalaysia, ukuba ukhe wafumana ithuba lokuhamba apho. Kodwa ukubuyela kwi-bioluminescence, siza kukubonisa ezinye iilwandle ezibengezela ebusuku ngenxa yoko.

Ulwandle lwaseVaadhoo

Olu lwandle lumangalisayo lubekwe kwiparadisiacal Maldives, ngakumbi eRaa Atoll. I-bioluminescence eyenzeka kumanxweme ayo iyamangalisa kangangokuba inikwe igama lombongo elithi "uLwandle lweenkwenkwezi".

Ubunyani buyinto encinci. Esi siganeko sibangelwa yi-dinoflagellate phytoplankton. Xa umsinga uhla, uqokelelana elunxwemeni yaye xa udibana neoksijini esemoyeni, uyasabela. Isiphumo soko kukuba isanti ipeyintwe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngokungathi likroza.

Kwakhona, le nto inokubonwa unyaka wonke eVaadhoo. Kodwa xa kushushu, ngokusengqiqweni kuxatyiswa ngamandla kobona busuku bumnyama. Khawube nomfanekiso-ngqondweni wolonwabo lokuhlamba kuloo manzi akufuphi neCôte d'Azur. Kuba kubalulekile ukuba wazi ukuba akukho ngozi ekwenzeni oko. Enyanisweni, abantu abaninzi bayayiqinisa le blue ngokuhambisa amanzi kwishawa.

echibini elikhulu

Ngoku sibhekisa kwiPuerto Rico emangalisayo, enobuhle bayo bendalo obunomtsalane, ukuze sikubonise olunye ulwandle olubengezela ebusuku. Sibhekisa kwiLaguna Grande, ibekwe kufutshane nesixeko saseFajardo kumantla-mpuma welizwe. Kwimeko yakhe, ikwayi-dinoflagellate organism ebangela i-bioluminescence, kwaye inkitha yabakhenkethi iza kujonga le nto yonke imihla.

Njengomdla wokwazi, siyakuxelela ukuba ngoNovemba 11, 2013, iLaguna Grande yavalwa ngequbuliso. Ayizange yenzeke kwaye zonke ii-alam zakhala. IBhunga lesiXeko saseFajardo liqeshe iqela leengcali zebhayoloji ukuba liphande ngesi siganeko. Ngokucacileyo, unobangela unokuba kufakwe iimpompo ezimbini zococeko kwindawo ekufutshane yokuhlala yaseLas Crobas.

Ngethamsanqa yonke into yayiphelile kwaye emva kwekhefu leentsuku ze-9, uLaguna Grande wakhanya kwakhona. Kodwa izizathu zokungabikho kwe-bioluminescence ngelo xesha azizange ziqondwe ngokupheleleyo.

Kwelinye icala, ukuba undwendwela lo mmangaliso, thatha ithuba lokuhlala kwakho eFajardo ukudibana nabanye abantu abasuka kuloo ndawo. Ngokomzekelo, iReserva de las Cabezas de San Juan ineendawo ezibukekayo ezintle. Kukwakho nehlathi leSizwe i-El Yunque, ihlathi elishinyeneyo elineekhilomitha eziphantse zibe ngama-40 eendlela ezintle zokunyuka intaba.

igrotto eluhlaza

Ngoku siphendukela kwenye indawo emangalisayo kwisiqithi saseMalta, ingakumbi malunga neekhilomitha ezili-15 ukusuka eValletta. I-landscape yodwa ifanele ukutyelelwa, kuba liqela lemiqolomba ephantsi kwewa elimangalisayo, elihlanjwe lulwandle olulwayo.

Ekuphela kwendlela yokutyelela lo mmangaliso wendalo kukuhamba ngesikhephe. Basuka e-Wied iz-Zurrieq, ilali yokuloba enomtsalane ekufutshane, ukuze bahambe ngendlela emangalisayo phantsi kwamatye. Ke ubona imingxuma eyahlukeneyo evelisa imibala eyahlukeneyo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukusuka kumnyama ukuya kwiphosphorescent.

Kwelinye icala, ukuba undwendwela lo mqolomba, qiniseka ukuba undwendwela iValletta, ikomkhulu lelizwe, ibhengezwe njengeNdawo yeLifa leHlabathi ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinkulu. Asinakukuxelela yonke imisebenzi yobugcisa anayo apha. Kodwa sincoma ukuba u tyelele i-Co-Cathedral yaseSan Juan, ene-classicist yangaphandle kunye ne-baroque yangaphakathi; iBhotwe leRenaissance-style leeMasters kunye nekomkhulu leBhotwe likaMongameli langoku leRiphabliki, kunye neemyuziyam ezifana neNational Archaeological Museum okanye iMyuziyam yoBugcisa obuLungileyo.

toyama bay

Ngoku sikukhapha ukuya eJapan ukuya kukwazisa ngeToyama Bay, ekwingingqi yeHokuriku esesona siqithi sikhulu saseHonshu apho iTokyo neOsaka zikhoyo. Kule meko, I-bioluminescence ayiveliswa yisenzo seplankton, kodwa yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-firefly squid.

Kumazwe aseAsia, luhlobo oluxhaphake kakhulu olune-phosphorous eluhlaza eluswini lwayo. Phakathi kukaMatshi noJuni iyenyuka iye kumphezulu enze amaqamza aloo mbala. Xa uhamba kwiqela elikhulu, umphumo kukuba amanzi aluhlaza.

Kwelinye icala, ukuba ukule nxalenye yeJapan, sicebisa ukuba undwendwele isixeko saseToyama. Yeyanamhlanje kuba yayiphantse yangamabhodlo ngexesha leMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi, kodwa ineenxalenye ezininzi ezinomdla. Eyokuqala kukwakhiwa ngokutsha kwenqaba yayo, ekungoku nje iyimyuziyam yembali yesixeko kwaye ineegadi ezintle zaseJapan.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufuna umbono omangalisayo weentaba zeTateyama, sicebisa ukuba unyuke uye kwindawo yokujonga iHolo yeSixeko. Kuya kufuneka uye eGuanshui Park, apho uya kubona iTianmen Bridge ebukekayo. Ekugqibeleni, ukuba kusentwasahlobo, khwela isikhephe kuMlambo iMatsu. Uya kubona iintyatyambo ezintle zecherry kunye nepaki entle eqingqiweyo.

Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga neelwandle ezikhanyayo ebusuku kunye neempawu zabo.