Njengoko sibonile kwamanye amanqaku afana ubume bangaphakathi boMhlaba, iplanethi yethu ihlala iguqulwa. Kukho uthotho lweenkqubo ngaphakathi nangaphandle ezenza umhlaba uguquke rhoqo. Kule meko siza kuthetha ngayo iiarhente zejoloji. Iiarhente zejoloji zangaphakathi zezo ziguqula ubume bangaphakathi bomhlaba kunye noxanduva lokuhamba Amacwecwe etektoni.
Kule posi siza kugxila kwiiarhente zangaphandle zejoloji kunye nefuthe lazo kwimodeli yoqweqwe loMhlaba. Ngaba uyafuna ukufunda ngakumbi kwaye uhlengahlengise amanqaku akho ngolwazi olongezelelekileyo? Kule nqaku uyakufumana konke.
Utshintsho lomhlaba
Ngokungafaniyo noko kwenzekayo kwiiarhente zangaphakathi zejoloji, ezingaphandle azenzi kugqabhuko, iindawo eziphakamileyo zeentaba okanye iintaba-mlilo. Ngabo balinganisa umhlaba kwaye baguqula iifom ezinazo.
Ezona zinto ziphambili zokwakheka komhlaba kukhukuliseko, ukuthuthwa kunye nentlenga. Imozulu ikwayinto ebaluleke kakhulu kwijoloji yejoloji kuba zizinto ezenzeka emoyeni kwaye zichaphazela imbonakalo yomhlaba. Siza kubona kwakhona iintlobo zemozulu ekhoyo.
Iifom ezifunyanwa ngamasimi ngezi nkqubo zahluka kakhulu. Ayikuko ukuba intaba izokwakha okanye ikhubazeke, kodwa isiqabu kunye nokwakheka kwayo kuyakwenza njalo. Umzekelo, ukhukuliseko ekugqibeleni luthabathe iincopho zeentaba emva kwezigidi zeminyaka yesenzo esiqhubekayo. Umzekelo, isalathisi seminyaka yobudala bentaba bubude bencopho yayo. Ukuba inesimo esitsolileyo, isencinci kwaye ukuba sele ilungisiwe, ukhukuliseko luqhubekile lusebenza kwizigidi zeminyaka.
Iiarhente zangaphandle zejoloji zinokubakho ngokwasemzimbeni nangokweemichiza. Ezi zokuqala zinoxanduva lokuguqula ifom, ngelixa ezesibini ziguqula ukwenziwa kweekhemikhali kweendawo ezisebenza kuzo. Umzekelo ophambili yimichiza yemozulu ehamba ixesha elingaphezulu.
Imbonakalo yomhlaba sisiphumo sonxibelelwano lwazo zonke iinkqubo zejoloji, ukongeza kwisenzo seentyatyambo kunye nezilwanyana. Masingakulibali ukuba imbonakalo yelizwe yenziwe zizinto eziphilayo ezininzi ezikwinkqubo eqhubekayo kunye nefuthe elithile kwindalo esingqongileyo. Kwaye, ewe, umntu yenye into enemeko yokwahluka kwemihlaba namhlanje.
Imozulu
Imozulu yomzimba
Imozulu yomzimba yinkqubo eyaphula okanye iguqule amatye kuxhomekeke kwisenzo sayo kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo. Ziyakwazi ukwahlulahlula kwaye zibasasaze. Basebenza kwiiminerali. Oonobangela abaqhelekileyo bemozulu ebonakalayo yimvula, umkhenkce, unyibilikise, umoya kunye notshintsho oluqhubekayo kubushushu phakathi kwemini nobusuku.
Kucingelwa ukuba olu tshintsho alukho imeko yokuguqula amatye kunye neemilo zawo, kodwa kunjalo. Ngokukodwa kwiindawo apho ubukhulu be-thermal bubukhulu (njengasezintlango) imeko yemozulu ebangelwa lutshintsho lobushushu iphezulu kakhulu.
Zintathu iintlobo zemozulu. Eyokuqala yile siyikhankanyileyo malunga notshintsho lobushushu. Ukutyhubela iminyaka, olu tshintsho luqhubekayo lubangela ukuba izixhobo zonakale. Ikwenzeka rhoqo kwiindawo ezinemozulu ephantsi kunye nokwahluka okukhulu kobushushu.
Uhlobo lwesibini yimozulu ye-biogenic. Oku kubangelwa sisenzo seentsholongwane kunye nezinto ezinje ngobulembu, ubulembu, ulwelwe kunye nezinye iimollusk ezichaphazela amatye. Eli nyathelo lihlala libenza buthathaka kwaye libenza babe sesichengeni kwezinye izinto.
Imozulu yemichiza
Into esishiyeke yiyo yimozulu yemozulu. Le yinto eyenzeka ngakumbi kwimozulu enomswakama kwaye kubangela ukusabela kweekhemikhali okwenzeka phakathi kweegesi ezisemoyeni kunye neeminerali ekhoyo ematyeni. Kule meko, into eyenzekayo kukuwohloka kwala masuntswana. Amanzi kunye nobukho beegesi ezinje ngeoksijini kunye nehydrogen zibangela iimpendulo zemichiza ezibangela imozulu.
Enye yeempendulo eziphambili ezenzekayo kule meko yi-oxidation. Yindibaniselwano yeoksijini evela emoyeni enyibilikiswe emanzini kunye neeminerali ezivela ematyeni. Yilapho i-oxides kunye ne-hydroxide zenziwa.
Ukhukuliseko lomhlaba kunye nokuthuthwa
Ukhukuliseko yinkqubo eyenzekayo xa imvula, umoya, kunye nokuhamba kwamanzi kuqhubekeka kusebenza kumatye nakwintlenga. Babangela ukuqhekeka kunye nokudilika kwamatye Kwaye yinkqubo eqhubekayo. Njengokuba amatye ekhukulisekile, aphulukana nomthamo kwaye ukubonakala kwawo kunye nolwakhiwo lukonakele.
Ukuhamba yinkqubo ekhokelela kwisenzo sokhukuliseko lomhlaba. Intlenga kunye namaqhekeza ahlulelwe kukwenza ukhukuliseko ematyeni athuthwa ngumoya, imisinga yamanzi, umkhenkce omkhenkce, njl. Izilungiso akufuneki zibekelwe kude emhlabeni ukuze zithuthwe. Banokuthuthwa ngeendlela ezintathu:
- Ukurhubuluza, apho zirhubuluza ngaphaya komphezulu womhlaba.
- Ukunqunyanyiswa. Apha kuhamba iilenti ezinqunyanyisiweyo zombini emanzini nasemoyeni. Umzekelo, amasuntswana amancinci okanye amagqabi omabini kwimisinga yamanzi nakwimimoya ebhudlayo.
- Icocekile. Ziyinxalenye yokwakhiwa kwamanzi okanye umoya.
Intlenge
Yeyona arhente yokwakheka komhlaba yokugqibela esisweleyo. Ihambelana nokufakwa kwamasuntswana aqinileyo ahanjiswe kukukhukuliseka komhlaba. La masuntswana abizwa ngokuba zizidalwa. Iindawo ezinelona nani liphezulu lentlenga Bayimilomo yemilambo kunye neendawo ezinjengeelwandle kunye neelwandle.
Nje ukuba izidalwa ezifakiweyo, nazo zisuswe ngamanye amaziko e-geological njengokukhukuliseka kunye nemozulu. Ukuba ezi zidalwa zifumana ubungakanani obukhulu kunye nokuxinana kwiminyaka edlulileyo, ziyenzeka amatye eentlenga.
Le yindlela esebenza ngayo i-geological dynamics yeplanethi yethu.