Indawo yokudlala

Kwamanye amanqaku ebesithethile ngawo Ubume beatmosfera, indawo elungeleyo, indalo kunye nolwalamano lwayo kunye ubume bomhlaba. Kule meko siza kuthetha ngomnye ummandla weplanethi yethu obizwa zizazinzulu njenge icryosphere. I-cryosphere ibhekisa kuzo zonke iindawo ezinomkhenkce eMhlabeni apho kukho amanzi kuphela ngohlobo lomkhenkce oqinileyo okanye ikhephu. Igama livela kwigama lesiGrike "kryos" elithetha ukubanda. Kunokuthiwa i-cryosphere yinxalenye ye-hydrosphere apho amanzi ahlala engumkhenkce ngenxa yamaqondo obushushu asezantsi.

Ngaba ungathanda ukwazi yonke into malunga ne-cryosphere kunye nokubaluleka kwayo kwiplanethi yethu kunye nophuhliso lobomi? Kufuneka uqhubeke ufunda 🙂

Iindawo apho i-cryosphere ikhona

Imimandla ebanda kakhulu kwiplanethi yethu Zinefuthe elikhulu kwimozulu yehlabathi liphela. Ukongeza, ibandakanya indawo yokuhlala yezityalo, izilwanyana kunye nabantu abazilungelelanise namaqondo obushushu kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo ekuhambeni kwexesha. Lo mmandla unomkhenkce uyanda ngokwandiswa ngexesha lobusika kwiinyanga zombini. Iindawo ze-cryosphere zonyaka zezo ziwela apho ikhephu liwa khona kunye nomhlaba, imilambo kunye namachibi abe ngumkhenkce.

Ngokupheleleyo ikhona kuphela kwiipali. Nangona kunjalo, ikhephu kunye nomkhenkce ongapheliyo ziyafumaneka nakwezinye iindawo emhlabeni. Ukuqala ngeArctic, eMantla Pole ngumkhenkce omkhulu ongapheliyo obizwa ngokuba yiArctic Ocean. Kulapho umkhenkce wolwandle ukhula khona kwaye wandise ebusika. Ngokuchasene noko, ngexesha lasehlotyeni, ngenxa yamaqondo obushushu aphezulu, le ndawo ineemvumelwano kunye nomkhenkce ungaphantsi.

Kwelinye icala sineAntarctica. Ifunyenwe kuMazantsi eMhlaba yoMhlaba, lilizwekazi elinomkhenkce ngokugqwesa. Ayisiyonto nje ininzi yomkhenkce, kodwa ikwanalo neshelufu yelizwekazi. Zineendawo ezinomkhenkce odadayo kwaye zisasazeke phezu kolwandle. I-Icebergs ifom kwezi ndawo.

Phakathi kwezibonda zomhlaba kukwakho ne-cryosphere. Zezindawo eziphakamileyo apho umkhenkce nekhephu zihlala khona unyaka wonke. Imizekelo yekhephu le INtaba iKilimanjaro eAfrika, umkhenkce kwiintaba zaseMelika, emantla eCanada, China naseRussia.

Izinto kunye neendawo zecryosphere

Ikhephu kunye nomkhenkce zizinto eziphambili kwezi zinto ziphilayo. Isenokuba ngumkhenkce wolwandle, umkhenkce omkhenkce, iishelfu zomkhenkce, umhlaba okhenkcezisiweyo (i-permafrost), kunye nomkhenkce. Ikhephu Imvula ngohlobo lweekristali zomkhenkce eziwela emhlabeni xa amaqondo obushushu ephantsi kwaye amanqanaba okufuma ephezulu. Zidibanisa ukwenza olu hlobo lwemvula.

Phakathi kweempawu kunye nokubaluleka kwekhephu esilifumanayo:

Inokufumaneka kwihlabathi liphela, nkqu kufutshane neIkhweyitha kwiindawo eziphakamileyo.

• Ibonisa ukukhanya kwelanga kwaye ichaphazela imozulu yomhlaba wethu.
• Inika indawo yokuhlala izilwanyana ezininzi kunye nezityalo.
• Inikezela ngamanzi ebantwini, kwizityalo nakwizilwanyana kwihlabathi liphela.
• Ngokubanzi, yinto ebalulekileyo yemozulu.

Kwelinye icala, umkhenkce ubonakala xa amaqondo obushushu esihla ngaphantsi kwengqele. Kungelo xesha apho amanzi angamanzi ajika aba sisimo esiqinileyo kwaye enza ubunzima obomeleleyo. Umkhenkce yeyona nto iphambili kwimimandla yomkhenkce omkhenkce, indawo enomkhenkce omkhenkce nomhlaba okhenkcezisiweyo.

Ezona mpawu ziphambili zomkhenkce zinokushwankathelwa ngolu hlobo:

• Ikho kwihlabathi lonke, kodwa yenziwa ikakhulu kwiindawo eziphezulu, kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, okanye kwiindawo apho ubushushu buphantsi kakhulu.
• Umkhenkce usenokungafane uxhaphake elwandle, emachibini nasemilanjeni ukuba imozulu iyatshintsha kwaye amaqondo obushushu ashushu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho amachibi kunye neelwandlekazi apho umkhenkce utyeba khona kangangokuba kufuneka iinqanawa ezikhethekileyo ezibizwa ngokuba ziinqanawa zomkhenkce ukuhamba kuzo.
• Inika abantu, izilwanyana nezityalo amanzi.
• Ivumela uphononongo lwenzululwazi yezulu yoMhlaba.

Umkhenkce wolwandle kunye nomkhenkce

Umkhenkce wolwandle okanye umkhenkce wolwandle xa amanzi olwandle epholile rhoqo ngamaqondo obushushu angaphantsi koziro. Uninzi lwalo mkhenkce wolwandle lwenzeka elwandle kwiipali.

Ngaphandle kwento ecingelwayo malunga nobushushu behlabathi kunye notshintsho lwemozulu, ukunyibilika kolu hlobo lomkhenkce alunyusi manqanaba olwandle. La manzi ayinxalenye yolwandle. La maqhekeza omkhenkce asondele kakhulu kwimozulu yoMhlaba uphela. Badlala indima ebalulekileyo kubomi namasiko abantu bomthonyama beepali.

Ukongeza, izilwanyana ezininzi zifuna umkhenkce ukuze zisinde. Jonga ibhere emhlophe, amatywina kunye nezinye izilwanyana zaseArctic. Okokugqibela, kunokuthiwa umkhenkce wolwandle ubalulekile kufundisiso lotshintsho lwemozulu.

Ukuhamba kwezona ndawo ziphakamileyo kwiplanethi, sidibana nezinye iindawo zomkhenkce ezibizwa Umkhenkce. La maqhekeza omkhenkce angqingqwa omkhenkce aqokelelana emhlabeni ukusuka kumaxesha amaninzi ekhephu. Nangona kubonakala ngathi, gubungela i-10% yomhlaba wonke. Ngenxa yokutshintsha kwemozulu, baya bencipha ngokuncipha.

Ikwangumthombo olungileyo wamanzi kubantu abahlala kufutshane nabo. Bagcina isixa esikhulu samanzi acocekileyo alungiselelwe ukuba asele.

I-Icebergs kunye ne-permafrost

I-Icebergs ngamaqhekeza amakhulu omkhenkce aqhekeza umkhenkce omkhenkce kwaye adadise elwandle. Ezi icebergs zikwabaluleke kakhulu kwiplanethi yethu. Ngokungafaniyo nomkhenkce wolwandle, ukunyibilika komkhenkce kunyusa amanqanaba olwandle. Banikezela indawo yokuhlala krill, incinci encinci ebaluleke kakhulu ekudleni ukutya koonombombiya, amatywina, iminenga kunye neentaka zaselwandle.

Zikwasetyenziswa njengesifundo kwizazinzulu ezifuna ukwazi amandla eMhlaba kunye ne paleoclimate.

Umhlaba onomkhenkce onganyibilikiyo okanye umhlaba okhenkcekileyo yindawo yomhlaba enomkhenkce ngokupheleleyo ngamanzi aqinileyo. Phakathi kweempawu zayo sifumanisa ukuba ngumaleko osebenzayo Iyakwazi ukugcina iigesi zegreenhouse ezifana nekhabhoni kunye nemethane. Oososayensi bafunda ngendlela ezi gesi eziya kuyichaphazela ngayo imozulu njengoko amaqondo obushushu efudumala kunye ne-permafrost inyibilika.

Ndiyathemba ukuba ngeli nqaku ungazi ngakumbi malunga neplanethi yethu kunye ne-cryosphere.