I-asteroid enokuba yingozi

Siyazi ukuba zombini izijikelezi-langa kunye nendalo iphela zinezigidi zeeasteroids. Nangona kunjalo, a i-asteroid enokuba yingozi Ibizwa ngokuba xa umkhondo wayo unokudlula kwisijikelezi-langa sethu kwaye ekugqibeleni ungqubana. Ukuze i-NASA ibize i-asteroid njengenokuba yingozi, kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno ezithile kwaye ibe nengozi yokwenyani ukuze ingangeni kwi-alarm.

Ngesi sizathu, siza kunikezela eli nqaku ukukuxelela ukuba yahluke njani i-asteroid enokuba yingozi kwaye zeziphi iimpawu zayo.

yintoni iasteroid

I<em>asteroid yinto nje enamatye ajikeleza ilanga, yaye nangona ilingana neplanethi, umjikelezo wayo uyafana. Zininzi ii-asteroids ezijikeleza isixokelelwano sethu selanga. Uninzi lwazo lubumba into esiyaziyo ibhanti leasteroid. Lo mmandla uphakathi kwemijikelo yeMars neJupiter. Njengeeplanethi, ii-obits zazo zi-elliptical.

Azikho nje kuphela kweli bhanti, zinokufumaneka nakwiindlela zezinye iiplanethi. Oku kuthetha ukuba into enamatye ihamba ngendlela enye ejikeleza ilanga, kodwa akukho nto inokukhathazeka ngayo. Unokucinga ukuba i-asteroid kumjikelo ofanayo nesi sijikelezi-langa sethu, ibiya kungqubana ize ibangele intlekele. Oku akunjalo. Akukho nto yakuzikhathaza ngayo kuba azingqubani.

Ngokuqhelekileyo bahamba ngesantya esifanayo ukujikeleza ii-asteroids ezikwi-orbit efanayo neplanethi. Ngoko ke, abanakuze badibane. Ukwenza oku, mhlawumbi uMhlaba kufuneka uhambe kancinci okanye i-asteroid kufuneka ikhawuleze. Oku akwenzeki kwindawo engaphandle ngaphandle kokuba kukho amandla angaphandle okwenza oko. Okwangoku, imithetho yentshukumo ilawulwa yi-inetia.

Iindidi zeeasteroids

Ezi asteroids zavela ekuyilweni kwenkqubo yelanga. Njengoko siye sabona kumanqaku athile, ummandla wezijikelezi-langa wasekwa malunga neminyaka eyi-4.600 yeebhiliyoni eyadlulayo. Oku kwenzeka xa ilifu elikhulu lerhasi nothuli liwa. Xa oku kusenzeka, izinto ezininzi ziwela embindini welifu, zenze ilanga.

Eminye imiba yaba ziiplanethi. Nangona kunjalo, izinto ezikwibhanti yeasteroid azinalo ithuba lokuba ziiplanethi. Ngenxa yokuba ii-asteroids zenza kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kunye neemeko, azifani. Nganye kwakheka kumgama owahlukileyo ukusuka elangeni, nto leyo ethetha iimeko ezahlukeneyo kunye nokwakheka.

Siye safumanisa ukuba izinto azingqukuva kodwa zinemilo ejijekileyo nezingaqhelekanga. Ezi zenziwe ngeempembelelo ezilandelelanayo kunye nezinye izinto de zibe yileyo.

Ezinye zingamakhulu eekhilomitha ububanzi kwaye zinkulu. Zincinci, zifana neengqalutye. Uninzi lwazo lwenziwe ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zamatye. Uninzi lwazo luqulethe inani elikhulu le-nickel kunye nentsimbi.

I-asteroid enokuba yingozi

Iasteroid enokuba yingozi yenye ekufutshane noMhlaba ene Ubukhulu obupheleleyo be-22 okanye ngaphezulu kunye nobuncinci bokuhlangana kwe-orbital kunye noMhlaba we-0,05 okanye ngaphantsi. Lo mgama umalunga nesinye samashumi amabini kumgama ophakathi phakathi koMhlaba neLanga, kwaye kukholelwa ukuba ngowona bukhulu bunokubakho bokuphazamiseka kwe-orbital okunokukhokelela kungquzulwano kwi-100-year time scale. Iiasteroids ezinokuba yingozi zenza malunga nama-20 ekhulwini eeasteroids ezikufuphi neEarth, eyona inkulu kuzo yiToutatis.

Ezi zinto zithathwa njengezisemngciphekweni wokungqubana noMhlaba, zibangela umonakalo osusela kwintshabalalo encinci yendawo ukuya kubhanga. I-US Sentry surveillance system ibhaqa kwaye ibeke iliso kuzo zonke ii-PHAs ezaziwayo, kunye nazo zonke ezinye izinto ezinokuba yingozi kuMhlaba.

iiasteroids eziwayo inamatye okanye intsimbi engaphezulu kwama-50 m ububanzi, ngomlinganiselo wesithuba seminyaka elikhulu, inokuvelisa iintlekele neetsunami zasekuhlaleni. Rhoqo kumakhulu ambalwa amawaka eminyaka, iasteroid enkulu kunekhilomitha ibangela intlekele yehlabathi. Kwimeko yokugqibela, i-debris evela kwimpembelelo isasazeke kwi-atmosphere yoMhlaba ngendlela yokuba ubomi bezityalo buchaphazeleke yimvula eneasidi, ukuphazamiseka okungaphelelanga kokukhanya kwelanga, kunye nomlilo (ubusika benyukliya) obuvela kwinkunkuma eshushu ewela emhlabeni emva kongquzulwano. Ezi ziphumo zenzeke amaxesha amaninzi kwixesha elidlulileyo kwaye ziya kuqhubeka zisenzeka kwixesha elizayo.

Ezinye zezi kucingelwa ukuba unobangela yokubhangisa mass, ezifana KT yokuphela ukuba yabulala iidinosaur okanye izigebenga zasePermian ezabulala ngaphezu kwe-90% yeentlobo nezidalwa. Ke ngoko, ukufumanisa ezi zinto kwaye uzifundele ukufumanisa ubungakanani bazo, ukwakheka, ukwakheka kunye nendlela yokwenza ngumsebenzi wobulumko.

Isikali se-asteroid enokuba yingozi

Ukuhlela ubungozi bezi zinto, iTurin Scale yasekwa kwaye yamiselwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Ubunzima 0: Ukungabikho kokungqubana kweZero okanye kusezantsi kakhulu kunokuthi kwenzeke into engacwangciswanga ifike eMhlabeni kumashumi ambalwa eminyaka azayo. Ikwasebenza nakwizinto ezincinci eziqhekeka xa zingena kwiatmosfera yoMhlaba.
• Ubunzima 1: Amathuba okungqubana aphantsi kakhulu, afana nokwenzeka ukuba into engahleliweyo iya kufika eMhlabeni kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo.
• Ubunzima 2: Amathuba asezantsi okungqubana.
• Ubunzima 3: Ithuba lokungqubana elikwaziyo ukujongana nomonakalo wasekhaya ongaphezulu kwe-1%.
• Ubunzima 4: Ithuba lokungqubana elikwaziyo ukujongana nomonakalo ongaphezulu kwe-1% kwindawo.
• Ubunzima 5: Ukungqubana okunokwenzeka okuphezulu kunokubangela umonakalo wendawo.
• Ubunzima 6: Ukungqubana okunokwenzeka okuphezulu kunokukhokelela kwintlekele yehlabathi.
• Ubunzima 7: Amathuba aphezulu kakhulu okungqubana, okunokubangela intlekele yehlabathi.
• Ubunzima 8: i-shockproof, ekwazi ukwenza umonakalo wendawo. Oku kufanele kwenzeke rhoqo emva kweminyaka engama-50 ukuya kweyi-1,000.
• Ubunzima 9: Ukungqubana kuqinisekisiwe, okukwazi ukonakalisa ummandla. Oku kufuneka kwenzeke rhoqo kwiminyaka eyi-1.000 ukuya kwi-100.000.
• Ubunzima 10: ngokuqinisekileyo ungquzulwano olunokukhokelela kwintlekele yemozulu yehlabathi. Oku kufuneka kwenzeke rhoqo emva kweminyaka eyi-100.000 nangaphezulu.

Xa into entsha ifunyenwe, inomlinganiselo wesiseko ongu-XNUMX, onokunyuswa okanye ukuthotywa ukuya kumanqanaba asezantsi njengoko uphando luqhubeka. Ngolu hlelo, zonke izinto ezaziwayo ngoku zinohlelo oluyingozi luka-zero.

Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga ne-asteroid enokuba yingozi kunye neempawu zayo.