Ubume beGeochronology

Oko umntu sele eqale ukuphuhlisa itekhnoloji kunye nomdla kulwazi lwale planethi, kuye kwenziwa iinzame zokwazi ukuba uMhlaba wenziwe njani. Ukwazi ukuba yenziwa njani iplanethi yethu kunye nendaleko ebenayo, lonke ulwazi kufuneka luphuhliswe kwaye amanyathelo athathwe ngokulandelelana. Ukusuka apha kuzalwa isebe lejoloji ebizwa ngokuba geochronology. I-Geochronology lelinye lamasebe enzululwazi azama ukufunda ukwenziwa kunye nophuhliso lweplanethi yoMhlaba ngendlela elandelelana ngayo.

Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela zonke iimpawu ze-geochronology kunye nokubaluleka kwayo.

Yintoni efundwa yi-geochronology

I-Geochronology yisayensi ejolise ekubeni nako ukumisela ubudala kunye nokulandelelana ngokulandelelana kweziganeko zejoloji ezenzekileyo kwimbali yoMhlaba. Ukuze ukwazi ukubunjwa kwezinto ze-geological ezenza iplanethi yethu, ukulandelelana kweziganeko ezahlukeneyo kwenzeka. Zonke izehlo okoko kwasekwa iplanethi yethu zabangela ukwenziwa koncedo njengoko sisazi namhlanje. Umsebenzi we-geochronology kukuphanda kunye noku-odola zonke ezi ziganeko zejoloji.

Ukongeza, inoxanduva lokuseka iiyunithi ze-geochronological. Zingamacandelo ahlukeneyo, aqhubekekayo kwaye alandelelanayo exesha elinika ixesha eligubungela yonke imbali yoMhlaba. Inokufundwa ngokuhlalutya ifayile ye- Ixesha lejoloji nange geochronometry. Eli sebe liphethe ulwazi iminyaka engagungqiyo ihleli ikwinqanaba elithile lokungaqiniseki. Zininzi iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziselwa ukwazi ngeli xesha kwaye zibandakanya isayensi eyahlukeneyo.

Kwenziwe iinzame zoku-odola iiyunithi ze-stratigraphic ezenziwe ngamatye okwenene. Ukubaluleka kukwahlula phakathi kwawo onke amathuba enzeke ngokuhamba kwexesha, nangona kukho irekhodi lezinto eziqhubekayo zokutsha okufanayo nawo onke amanqanaba. Iiyunithi zeChronostratigraphic zinexesha elilinganayo le-geologic:

• Ixesha lejoloji: ixesha, ixesha, ixesha, ixesha, ubudala, ikhron.
• Ubume beGeochronology: i-eonotem, i-eratheme, inkqubo, uthotho, umgangatho, ixesha lendawo.

Oku kunokuthiwa ziiyunithi zemilinganiselo yohlobo ngalunye.

Amasebe e-geochronology

Abantu bamandla kunokuthiwa bahlukile kwi-biostratigraphy ngokunjalo. I-Biostratigraphy inoxanduva lokulandelelana ngokulandelelana kwamatye e-sedimentary. Oku kunokufezekiswa ngokubulela kumxholo weefosili ezifumaneka ematyeni. Ngale ndlela, inokwazi kwaye iseke ii-biozones ezahlukeneyo ngexesha. Ezi biozones zilawulwa ngumgaqo wokugqagqana kwesiqwengana kunye nomgaqo wokulandelelana kwezilwanyana. Le migaqo inikwe kwithiyori Ukuhamba kwelizwekazi.

Umahluko kukuba i-biostratigraphy iyasilela ukubonelela ngobudala belitye. Luxanduva lwayo ukuyibeka kwisithuba sexesha apho yonke imibutho yeefosili esele ikho yaziwa.

Ufunda njani ubudala bomhlaba

Ukuze wazi kwaye ufunde iminyaka yobudala yeenkqubo zejoloji ezenzeke kwiplanethi yethu kuyo yonke imbali, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zisetyenzisiwe ezibandakanya i-geochronology. Siza kuhlalutya ezinye zazo.

Iindlela ezisekwe kwityuwa yolwandle

Elinye lamalinge okuqala enziwa ngendlela yobungakanani yokufumana iminyaka yenziwe ngokusekwe kwiityuwa zolwandle. Umbono ophambili yayikukubala ixesha elithathiweyo ukuze isarh iqokelele kwiilwandlekazi ukuqala kumanzi acocekileyo okuqala. Iilwandle zokuqala zenziwa ngumoya womoya omkhulu kwaye zazingenayo kwaphela ityuwa. Ityuwa yayinyibilika ematyeni yimilambo kunye nemilambo emibini kwaye yathunyelwa elwandle apho yayixineke khona.

Oku kusenza sazi ukuba kwanele ukubala izixa zetyuwa enyibilikiswe yimilambo, isixa setyuwa elwandle kunye nokunciphisa ixesha elifunekayo ukuba ityuwa leyo iqokeleleke. Le ndlela yayingezizo ezona ziphambili njengoko izibalo zazingonelanga njengoko zazimbalwa idatha.

Iindlela ezisekwe kwisantya sokulinganisa

Uluvo lokuba abanye ababhali bazakusebenzisa kukubala ixesha elithathiweyo ukuze kwenziwe iidenge zomhlaba zomhlaba. Ngenxa yoku, amaxesha athathiweyo ukufaka i-sediment kumatye esanti aqikelelwa. Emva koko kwazanywa ukumisela oyena mntu wayeza kungena ezihlangwini ukuba iliwa elo lenziwa ngexesha ngalinye lejoloji. Uqikelelo lwababhali lwaluguquka kakhulu. Kwakukho iikholamu zokwahlulahlula ngokugqibeleleyo ukusuka kwi-25 ukuya kwi-112 km. Kwisantya sokwenyuka kwentlenga, bekukho amaxabiso ahlukileyo kakhulu aneendawo ezahlukeneyo kunye neentlobo zamatye.

Iindlela ezisekwe kwi-stratigraphy kunye ne paleontology

Enkosi ngokuvela kwendlela yokufanisa, ibiyinkqubela phambili ebaluleke kakhulu kuba ibandakanyeka kwingqondo entsha yesayensi. Le ngcamango yinto equka ukuba kwixesha le-geology lingenamkhawulo. Ndiyabulela koku, ngokuthe ngcembe idatha eyahlukileyo yaqokelelwa eyandisa ixesha elifunekayo ukuze yonke into inikwe kwizinto zejoloji. Ke, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukhulule zonke iinkcazo zebhayibhile kwaye uphucule indlela yesayensi.

Zonke iigoloji ezazilandela imeko yengqondo efanayo zazinokuthambeka okungapheliyo kwamaxesha omhlaba. Oku kubalulekile xa kuziwa ekuqondeni ukuba iinkqubo zejoloji zenzeka kwinqanaba lejoloji. Nangona kunjalo, iBhayibhile yalumkisa ngentlekele apho umhlaba uza kuguqula imeko-bume ngexesha elifutshane.

Iindlela ezisekwe kukupholisa uMhlaba kunye nelanga

Ezi ndlela zazisebenzisa ubushushu. Ingxaki yobudala boMhlaba isondele kukukhanya kwelanga. Ukukhanya kwelanga kwakuthathwa njengokuvela kubushushu obuveliswe ngexesha lomxhuzulane wobunzima bayo obukhulu. Uluvo lwalethiyori yokuba amasuntswana athambekele ekuweleni embindini kwaye amandla anokubakho akhutshwa koku kuwa kwaye aguqulwe abe bubushushu. Ngale mibono baqikelela phakathi kweminyaka engama-20 ukuya kuma-40 ezigidi zeminyaka.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga ne-geochronology.